初中英语语法---代词专题(含练习)

1专题复习代词代词：可以用来代替名词的词称为代词。小学和初中阶段学到的代词通常可分为以下六类：人称代词（I,you,he,we,it等）物主代词（our,your,their,his等）反身代词（myself,ourselves,yourself等）指示代词（this,that,these,those等）疑问代词（who,what,which,whose,when,where等）不定代词（both,all,some,any等）一、人称代词的单数、复数和主格、宾格（重点：it的用法在第三单元语法中有详细讲解）单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称I我mewe我们us第二人称you你youyou你们you第三人称he他she她it它himherit他们they她们它们them人称代词的主格在句中做主语。Eg1.IamstudyingEnglish.Eg2.Theylovetheirschool.多个人称代词并列作主语时的位置：单数形式：二、三、一（you,he/sheandI）复数形式：一、二、三（we,youandthey）男女并列男在先，错误责任我承担。人称代词的宾格在句中做宾语。Eg1.Hegavemeapen.Eg2.Wearewaitingforthem.二、物主代词物主代词用来表示人和物之间的所有关系，有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种，并有不同的人称和单、复数之分。单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他们的形容词性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs形容词性物主代词不能单独使用，只做定语，用来修饰其后的名词。Eg1.Myparentsarebothdoctors.2Eg2.There’ssomethingwrongwithhisbike.名词性物主代词应独立使用，后面不跟名词，相当于形容词性物主代词+名词，在句中可以作主语、宾语或标语。Eg1.Ourclassroomisonthesecondfloor,andtheirsisonthefourthfloor.(作主语)Eg2.Let’scleantheirroomfirst,andthencleanours.(作宾语)Eg3.Thatpenishers.(做表语)of+名词性物主代词=of+名词所有格（afriendofhers=afriendofLily’s）三、反身代词反身代词用来表示反射或强调，其形式如下：人称第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves表示动作回射到动作的执行者本身（…自己）Eg.Mygrandpaisveryold,hecan’tlookafterhimself.在句中作名词或代词的同位语，用来加强语气，常译为“亲自”，“本人”等。Eg1.Thehouseitselfisnotsobeautiful.Eg2.Thechildrenmadethemodelplanethemselves.反身代词在实际运用中可构成许多常用词组。byoneself(亲自)helponeself(自便)teachoneself(自学)enjoyoneself（过得愉快）introduceoneself(介绍自己)calloneself（称自己）loseoneself（迷路）speaktooneself(自言自语)lookafteroneself（照看自己）四、指示代词指示代词是表示“这个”、“那个”、“这些”、“那些”等指示概念的词，如：this，that，these，those,such等。this和these一般用来指较近的事物，that和those指较远的事物。this是these的单数，that是those的单数指示代词可以充当句子中的主语、定语、宾语或表语。Eg1.Thisisadifficultquestion.(作主语)Eg2.Doyoulikethese?(做宾语)Eg3.Oh,it’snotthat.(做表语)电话用语中表自身称呼用this;表询问对方称呼的用thatThisisSunny(speaking).IsthatLily(speaking)?That或those与形容词的比较级连用的句型：Eg1:TheweatherhereishotterthanthatinGuangzhou.Eg2.ThebookhereismoreinterestingthanthatofLily’s.Eg3.Theapplesherearebiggerthanthoseinthesouth.相应课堂练习：Task1.按要求写单词。31.I（复数）2.us(单数)3.this（反义词）4.my(宾格)5.he(复数)6.its(复数)7.it(复数)8.this(复数)9.she(形容词性物主代词)10.our(名词性物主代词)Task2.单项选择1.Isthispicture?A.myB.herC.yoursD.our2.Someofareworkers.A.theyB.theirC.themD.themselves3.Afriendofcamehereyesterday.A.myB.hisC.herD.your4.Thisdeskismine.ishers.A.ThoseB.TheseC.ThisD.That5.I’llgotoseetomorrowmorning.A.sheB.hersC.herD.herself6.Mr.LiteachesEnglish.A.usB.weC.ourD.ours7.Thesearebooks.areoverthere.A.I;WeB.my;YourC.my;YoursD.mine;Yours8.Youcan’tfinishthework.Letmehelpyou.A.youB.yourselfC.byyouD.youonly9.Thesearepensandarepencils.A.thatB.thisC.thoseD.these10.IsawinthestreetlastSundayafternoon.A.heB.hisC.himD.himselfTask3.用所给代词的正确形式填空。1.Pleaseshow(I)thewaytothehospital.2.Grandmaoftentells(he)stories.3.Thisis(you)room;(she)isthenextone.4.Theyenjoyed(they)inthepark.5.Welike(we)Englishteacher.6.Pleaselistento(she)carefully.7.Hecandohishomeworkby(he).8.Help(you)tosomefish,please.9.Becarefulnottomake(you)dirty.10.nameisJack.Wealllike(he).Task4.从括号里选择正确的代词填空。1.Tomwassickyesterday.iswhyhemissedschool.(That;These;Those)2.WhichofshirtsareTom’s?(these;this;that)3.Thisdeskismine,ishers.(those;this;that)44.(He;His;Mine)auntisanurse.(She;His;He)worksveryhard.5.Thosebooksaren’t(me;I;mine).(They;It;Its)maybe(her;hers;she)6.Let(I;me;mine)tell(her;she;hers)howtodoit.7.Don’ttell(he;him;his)theanswer.8.(I;Me;My)believethat(he;him;his)canworkouttheproblem(he;him;himself)9.“It’sgoingtosnow,”theoldwomansaidto(her;she;herself).10.Afriendof(me;my;mine)cametohelp(I;me;mine)with(mine;my;I)homeworkyesterdayafternoon.五、疑问代词(难点)疑问代词用来构成特殊疑问句的代词。（who;whose;what;which;why;where;how;when）在疑问句中，疑问代词一般放在句首，并在句中充当主语，宾语，表语或定语。Eg:WhoisgoingtoteachusChinesenextterm?(作主语)Whatdoyouusuallyhaveforbreakfast?(作宾语)Whosebagisthat?(作定语)Whichbusshallwetake?(作定语)which表示一定范围内的选择(哪一个)，而what没有这种限制（什么）。相应课堂练习：Task1.用适当的疑问代词填空。1.A：isyourmother?B:Sheisateacher.2.A：jumpshigher,TomorDavid?B:Daviddoes.3.A：wouldyoulike?B:Somecoffee,please.4.A：arethepresentsfrom?B:Theyarefrommyfriends.5.A：isthatinEnglish?B:It’sabird.6.A：gradeareyouin?B:I’minGradeFive.7.A：MP4isthis?B:It’sMary’s.8.A：colorareyourtrousers?B:Theyarewhite.9.A：aretheshoes?B:Theyaremine.10.A：areyouwritingto?B:I’mwritingtomyEnglishfriend,Tom.Task2.选用who,whose,what,which等疑问代词，对划线部分提问。1.Anoldfriendofmineiscomingtoseemetomorrow.2.Theirhusbandsaremathteachers.3.Shewaslookingforthefamousprofessor.4.Iwouldliketochoosetheseknives.55.WeborrowedtheEnglishbooksfromMrLi.6.Thepostofficeisonthesixthfloor.7.ShedidsomeshoppingaftersupperonSaturday.8.Children’ssmilingfacesmademehappyinBeijing.9.IlikeBookThreeBest.10.Thetallgirlinredismysister.11.Ifinishedmyhomeworkat10pmyesterday.12.Igotomygrandma’shouseeveryweekend.13.Theyalllikeherbecausesheissuchanicegirl.14.Thepolicemansolvedthecasebyquestioningthesuspect.15.It’sthreeo’clocknow.课后练习：一、按要求写单词。1.our(主格)2.you(形容词性物主代词)3.those(单数形式)4.his(宾格)5.it(形容词性物主代词)6.my(名词性物主代词)7.their(名词性物主代词)8.she(形容词性物主代词)9.his(名词性物主代词)10.his(复数形式)二、用适当的疑问代词填空。1.---isinyourbag?---oranges.2.---isshe?---Idon’tknow