肯尼迪就职演讲历史背景

ThehistoricalbackgroundofJohnKennedy’sinauguraladdressAbstractWhenKennedydeliveredhisinauguraladdress,thestrengthofSovietuniongrewinU.S.-Soviethegemony(美苏争霸),movementofAfricanAmericancivilrightswashot,andAmericawasinthefourtheconomiccrisisafterthewar.Atthistime,therewasaseriousconflictbetweentherichandthepoor.Ingeneralelection,Kennedyproposedthestrategyofdevelopmentofscienceandeconomy,andadvocatedpeaceintworelationships.Sincehewasyoungandprestigious,Americanvotedforhimoneafteranother.InternationalsituationDomesticpoliticsPeacestrategyEconomyCONTENTSInternationalsituationPart01ColdWarThestrengthofSovietuniongrewinU.S.-Soviethegemony,thegapbetweenTheUSandTheSUwasnarrower,theUnitedStateswasatadisadvantageinitsrivalrywiththeSovietunion.Transformed“containmentpolicy”(遏制政策)intheeasternEuropeintoemancipationpolicy.(解放政策)TheEisenhower(艾森豪威尔主义)proposedtocontendwiththeSovietunioninthestruggleforthesovereigntyinthethirdworld.TherecoveryanddevelopmentofeconomyinWesternEuroperesultedinthereinforcementofindependencefromtheUnitedStates.TheunityofthewesternworldledbytheUnitedStatesbegantosplit.Theunitedsocialistcampdisappeared.Khrushchev(赫鲁晓夫)adoptedanactivehegemonypolicy.Aflexibleattitudeonnucleartestanddisarmamentissues.EasternEuropeancountrieswantedtogetridofSovietcontrol.TherapidgrowthofWesternEuropeandJapan,andtheroseofAsiaandAfrica,frustratedAmerica'sglobalexpansion.DomesticpoliticsPart02Duetotheprogressofindustrialization,alargenumberofthemflowedintocities.African-AmericanswerethelargestethnicgroupintheUnitedStates,theyhavesufferedfromracialdiscriminationinlongtimeandpositionedatthebottomclassofsociety.Theissueoftheirstatuswasbecominganationalproblem.African-AmericanCivilRightsMovement(1955-1968)EconomyPart03TheUnitedStateshaditsfourthpost-warrecession.DollarcrisisappearedatfirstinFebruaryof1960.Thesubstantialdepreciationofthedollar,thecyclicaldownturnineconomyinUS,severelyhitthethreepillarsinU.S.economicindustry,theyweresteelindustry,automobileindustryandconstructionindustry,agriculturalcrisiswasalsodeepeningatthesametime.raiseinterestratesanddeflatethecurrencyitwouldworsentheovercapacitycrisislowerinterestratesandinflationitwouldexacerbatethedollarcrisisABPeacestrategyPart04Asthenumberofinternationalcommunistmovementwasontherise,TheSovietunionpushedforwardGlobalhegemonystrategy,buttheUnitedStateswasintheVietnamwar.Therefore,Sovietunionexpendeditssphereofinfluence,finallymadethecontrastbetweentheUnitedStatesandthestrengthcontrastoftwosideschanged.Kennedy'speacestrategywasbasedonmilitarystrength,proposingtheimprovementofstatusofthewesternAlliesbyapeacefulway.IntherelationshipwiththeSovietunionandothersocialistcountries,theywouldpromotethepeacefulevolution(和平演变)Inordertostrengthentheinfiltrationandexpansionofthethirdworld,soastoestablishthedominanceoftheUnitedStatesintheworld.THANKS