高一人教版unit4 Grammar 定语从句

定语从句theattributiveclause什么是定语？修饰名词和代词的成分。如：abeautifulgirlaheavybox什么是定语从句？修饰名词和代词的从句。如：Ican'tcarrytheboxwhichisfullofbooks.WhoisLiuShishi?Sheisanactress.Sheisverybeautiful.notspecificLiuShishiisanactress.Shewearsancientcostums.LiuShishiisanactresswhowearsancientcostums.先行词关系词Tomisaboy.Hehasgoldenhair.TheboywhohasgoldenhairisTom.Tomisaboywhohasgoldenhair.Canyoulendmethebook?It'saboutthehistory.Canyoulendmethebookwhichisaboutthehistory.Theplaneisatransport.Itcanfly.Theplaneisatransportthatcanfly.关系词关系副词关系代词whothatwhichwhomwhosewhenwherewhy关系词的作用:1.引导定语从句；2.代替先行词；3.在从句中担当一个成分。关系代词的用法：1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Theboywhohasblueeyesismydeskmate.Theman(who)Italkedwithisourteacher.只要是从句中缺主语或宾语的,就会用到who,whom,which或that;缺定语的就用whose.2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)Italkedwithisourteacher.ThemanwithwhomItalkedisourteacher.3.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)That'stheanimalwhichlookslikeafatmouse.Isthisthebag(which)youboughtyesterday?Thisisthebookshop(which)youcanborrowbooksfrom.Thisisthebookshopfromwhichyoucanborrowbooks.4.that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Heisthemanthat/whowonthegameforthreetimes.Thebook(that/which)youlenttomeisreallyinteresting.注意：介词提前时不能用that。Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?fromthatthat和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,只能用that。(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。I'msureshehasnothing(that)youcanborrow.(2)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(3)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。It'sthefirststory(that)hehasread.Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.(4)当主句是who或which开头的疑问句时，为避免重复，用that.Whoisthegirlthatdrovethecar?(5)当先行词既指人又指物時，关系词用that.Heoftentoldusthepersonsandthingsthatheremembered.(6)当先行词在从句中做表语时，只能用that.Sheisnolongerthegirlthatsheusedtobe.5.whose在定语从句中作定语,表示先行词与whose后的名词为所属关系。whose多指人，也可指物，指物时可与ofwhich互换使用。Thisisthebookwhosecolorisblue.Doyouknowthegirlwhosehairisred.Heisawriter,whosestoryisveryinteresting.ofwhichthecolorisblue总结1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)3.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)4.that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）关系代词指代在定语从句中所充当的成分人物句子主语宾语定语√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√总结whowhichwhomthatwhoseFilltheblankwiththeproperrelative.1.Theteachers___________arepresentatourclassareallexperiencedteachers.2.Ourclassisabigfamily__________consistsof50girlsand32boys.3.Luyaoisthegirl________Englishisverygoodinourclass.4.I’dlikearoom______windowlooksoutoverthesea.5.Thedoctor________________youarelookingforisintheroom.6.Thehouse_______________theybuiltstayedupintheearthquake.who/thatwhich/thatwhose指人，主语指物，主语指人，定语whosewhom/who/that/--指物，定语指人，宾语which/that/--指物，宾语Combinethetwosentences1.Thewriterisveryfamousinourcity.Wemetheryesterday.2.Thedressisfashionable.Sheiswearingit.Thewriter(who/whom/that)wemetyesterdayisveryfamousinourcity.Thedress(which/that)sheiswearingisfashionable.3.Isthatthecompany?Yourfatheronceworkedinthecompany.4.Thatstudentdidn’tcometoschoolthismorning.Iborrowedhisbookyesterday.Isthatthecompany(that/which)yourfatheronceworkedin?ThatstudentwhosebookIborrowedyesterdaydidn’tcometoschoolthismorning.1．Theschoolshop，________________，isclosedfortheholidays.(customer)学校商店,其顾客大多是学生,在假期是不营业的.whosecustomersaremainlystudents考查非限定性定语从句,修饰schoolshop2．AfterthehostagetakingincidentinthePhilippines,theChinesegovernmentdemandedthattheproblems________________bepaidspecialattentionto.(refer)在菲律宾的人质事件发生后,中国政府要求那些被提及的问题应该被给予特别的关注.(that/whichhadbeen)referredto考查定语从句/过去分词做后置定语用法,被“提及”到.3．Anumberofchildren________________intheearthquakeweresenttolivewithfamiliesinothercities.(kill)许多在地震中失去父母的孩子都被送到城市的家庭中去居住.whoseparentshadbeenkilled考查定语从句,注意kill在此句中被动的运用.4．Theletter________________forisfromhisformerheadteacher.(wait)那封他期盼已久的信来自他以前的班主任。which/thathehasbeenwaiting其中letter充当定语从句中的宾语成分,加上对现在完成进行时的考查.5．Wehopethatthemeasures_____________________willsucceed.(take)我们希望政府采取的措施会成功。(which/thatare)takenbythegovernment过去分词短语作后置定语,采取措施是被动关系.6.Mymotherwassoproudofall________________thatsherewardedmewithatriptoBeijing.(do)我妈妈是如此自豪我所做的以至于她奖励了我一趟去北京的旅行。thatIhaddone考查定语从句。先行词是“all”的时候，定语从句只能由“that”引导，又因为主句是一般过去时，“我”所做的事情是过去已经完成的事情，所以要用过去完成时，由此可知答案为thatIhaddone。7.I,__________________________,willtrymybesttohelpyouwheneveryouareintrouble.我作为你的朋友，会在你有困难的时候尽力帮助你。whoamyourfriend考查非限制性定语从句，指人且作为主语只能用who