考研英语长难句-刘晓艳

例1（2009年英译汉）Eventoday,inourindustriallife,apartfromcertainvaluesofindustriousnessandthrift,theintellectualandemotionalreactionoftheformsofhumanassociationunderwhichtheworld’sworkiscarriedonreceiveslittleattentionascomparedwithphysicaloutput.【成分】Eventoday,inourindustriallife,apartfromcertainvaluesofindustriousness状语andthrift,状语theintellectualandemotionalreactionoftheformsofhumanassociation主语underwhichtheworld’sworkiscarriedon定语从句receives谓语littleattention宾语ascomparedwithphysicaloutput.分词作状语【析句】这句话开头是两个介词短语做状语，第一个介词短语是inourindustriallife,第二个介词短语是apartfromcertainvaluesofindustriousnessandthrift,句子的主干的主语是theintellectualandemotionalreactionoftheformsofhumanassociation，后面是个定语从句underwhichtheworld’sworkiscarriedon修饰前面的主语，动词是receives，宾语是littleattention，后面是分词状语ascomparedwithphysicaloutput，修饰整个句子。【翻译】即使今日，在工业化生活中，与其他的物质产出相比，某些勤俭的价值观以及各种人们交往的知识和情感反应几乎没有受到关注，而在这些交往之中世人的活动才得以延续。【讲词】inourindustriallife在工业化生活中certainvaluesofindustriousnessandthrift某些勤俭的价值观theintellectualandemotionalreactionoftheformsofhumanassociation各种人们交往的知识和情感反应receivelittleattention几乎没有受到关注ascomparedwithphysicaloutput与其他的物质产出相比例2(2008年阅读理解)Othermodelsexistthatarehybridsofthesethree,suchasdelayedopen-access,wherejournalsallowonlysubscriberstoreadapaperforthefirstsixmonths,beforemakingitfreelyavailabletoeveryonewhowishestoseeit.【成分】Othermodels主语exist谓语thatarehybridsofthesethree,定语从句suchasdelayedopenaccess,介词短语wherejournalsallowonlysubscriberstoreadapaperforthefirstsixmonths,定语从句beforemakingitfreelyavailabletoeveryonewhowishestoseeit.分词作状语【析句】主干是Othermodelsexist，定语从句是thatarehybridsofthesethree,修饰主语，倒装到了句子后面，后面是介词短语举例子，也就是suchasdelayedopenaccess,后面是定语从句wherejournalsallowonlysubscriberstoreadapaperforthefirstsixmonths,后面是分词状语beforemakingitfreelyavailabletoeveryonewhowishestoseeit，修饰前面的定语从句。【翻译】此外，存在由这三种模式结合的其他模式，例如延迟开放获取模式，即期刊仅允许订阅者阅读，期限六个月，然后就公之于众，所有人都可以免费使用。【讲词】othermodels其他模式hybridsofthesethree由这三种模式结合delayedopenaccess延迟开放获取模式subscribers订阅者freelyavailable免费使用例3（2003年阅读理解）Tothosewhoareunawarethatanimalresearchwasneededtoproducethesetreatments,aswellasnewtreatmentsandvaccines,animalresearchseemswastefulatbestandcruelatworst.【成分】Tothose介词短语whoareunaware定语从句thatanimalresearchwasneededtoproduce宾语从句thesetreatments,aswellasnewtreatmentsandvaccines,宾语从句animalresearch主语seems系动词wastefulatbestandcruelatworst.表语【析句】开头是个介词短语tothose，后面是定语从句，定语从句的主语是who，动词是areunaware，后面是宾语从句thatanimalresearchwasneededtoproducethesetreatments,aswellasnewtreatmentsandvaccines,句子真正的主干是animalresearchseemswastefulatbestandcruelatworst。【翻译】对于那些不知道做这些医疗、研究新的治疗方法和疫苗就需要进行动物研究的人来说，动物研究说的最好听是浪费，说得最难听是残忍。【讲词】unaware不知道animalresearch动物研究producethesetreatments进行这些治疗vaccines疫苗wastefulatbestandcruelatworst说得最好听是浪费，说得最难听是残忍例4（2001年阅读理解）Inotherwords,thereisaconventionalstorylineinthenewsroomculturethatprovidesabackboneandareadymadenarrativestructureforotherwiseconfusingnew.【成分】Inotherwords,插入语thereis谓语aconventionalstoryline主语inthenewsroomculture介词短语作定语thatprovidesabackboneandareadymadenarrativestructureforotherwise定语从句confusingnew.定语从句【析句】这是个典型的定语从句，句子的主干是thereisaconventionalstoryline，后面是介词短语inthenewsroomculture做定语，修饰前面的名词，后面是定语从句thatprovidesabackboneandareadymadenarrativestructureforotherwiseconfusingnew，修饰前面的名词storyline。【翻译】换句话说，在媒介机构的新闻采编室文化中存在着一套约定俗成的写作模式，为新闻报道提供了主干框架以及可直接套用的叙述结构。若没有这些，新闻内容就会一团混乱，让人摸不着头脑。【讲词】conventionalstoryline约定俗成的写作模式newsroomculture新闻采编室文化backbone主干框架readymadenarrativestructure可直接套用的叙述结构例5Asaresult,theyhavelosttheparachutetheyoncehadintimesoffinancialsetback-abackupearner(usuallyMom)whocouldgointotheworkplaceiftheprimaryearnergotlaidofforfellsick.【成分】Asaresult,they主语havelost谓语theparachute宾语theyoncehadintimes定语从句offinancialsetback定语从句—abackupearner(usuallyMom)同位语whocouldgointothe状语从句workplaceiftheprimaryearnergotlaidofforfellsick.状语从句【析句】主干是theyhavelosttheparachute,后面是个定语从句theyoncehadintimesoffinancialsetback,这个定语从句省略了that，后面破折号是个名词短语abackupearner，后面是个定语从句whocouldgointotheworkplace，后面是个状语从句iftheprimaryearnergotlaidofforfellsick.【翻译】所以说，他们失去了经济危机时他们曾经拥有的安全保障——一个后备的赚钱者，他可以在家里主要收入者下岗或病了之后继续上班赚钱。【讲词】theparachute安全保障intimesoffinancialsetback在经济危机时候abackupearner一个备用的赚钱者gointotheworkplace上班gotlaidoff下岗例6（1993年阅读理解）Moststrikingamongthemanyasymmetriesevidentinanadultflatfishiseyeplacement：beforematurityoneeyemigrates，sothatinanadultflatfishbotheyesareonthesamesideofthehead.【成分】Moststriking主语amongthemanyasymmetriesevidentinanadultflatfish状语is系动词eyeplacement：表语beforematurityoneeyemigrates，sothatinanadult同位语从句flatfishbotheyesareonthesamesideofthehead.同位语从句【析句】Moststriking引导的倒装句子，介词短语amongthemanyasymmetries作为状语，形容词短语evidentinanadultflatfish修饰前面的asymmetries，主干是Moststrikingiseyeplacement，冒号后面是状语beforematurity，主干是oneeyemigrates，后面加上结果状语从句sothatinanadultflatfishbotheyesareonthesamesideofthehead。【翻译】在一条成年比目鱼身上显著存在的诸多不对称（asymmetry）特征中，最为引人注目的是眼睛的摆位：在成年之前，一只眼睛发生移动，因此在成年比目鱼身上，两只眼睛均位于头部的同一侧面。【讲词】moststriking最为引人注目的anadultflatfish成年比目鱼manyasymmetries诸多不对称特征evident显著存在的eyeplacement眼睛的摆位maturity成熟migrate移动例7（1992年阅读理解）Besides,itisunlikelytoproducetheneedednumberofeverykindofprofessionalinacountryaslargeas