定语从句

1定语从句I.定语从句关系词1.引入课题1.Thegirl_______issittinginthechairisagoodsinger.2.Theskirt__________Maryboughttwoyearsagoisold.3.Isthisthenovel__________youintroducedtome?4.Whereistheboy_______brokethewindow?5.Luckilynoneofthepeople_________werekilledintheearthquake.2.定语从句概念在复合句中，修饰某_____________的从句叫做定语从句.被修饰的_____________叫先行词。Eg.HeisanEnglishteacherwholikessingingsongs.关系代词:引导词关系副词:_______________________________________________________关系词先行词所指关系词在句中作用关系代词关系副词3.关系词的作用：1、连接作用2、替代作用3、成分作用例1.Theman__________gaveyouthetalkyesterdayisourteacher.例2:Theboy_________________thenurseislookingafterismyfriend.例3:Thecar________________isredwasdamagedyesterday.例4:Thequestion_______________Idon’tunderstandisabout4.练习：用定语从句合并句子。1.TheboysarefromGradeone.Theboysareplayingbasketball.______________________________________________________________2.Thenurseiskind.Thenurselooksaftermysister.______________________________________________________________3.Wewatchedtheplay“Teahouse”.TheplaywaswrittenbyLaoShe.______________________________________________________________4.Theyoungmanisafamouswriter.Yousawtheyoungmanyesterday.______________________________________________________________5.Thisisthehouse.LuXunoncelivedinthehouse.2______________________________________________________________II.关系代词的具体用法1.由who,whom,whose引导的定语从句。who用作主语，whom用作宾语，whose用作定语。whose+n.=the+n.+of+whom/which(1)Thisisthemanwhohelpedme.(作)(2)ThedoctorwhomyouarelookingforisintheRoom2E(作)(3)DoyouknowthemanwhosenameisWangYu?(作)→Doyouknowtheman_____________isWangYu?(4)Marylivesinthehousewhoseroofisred.(作)→Marylivesinthehouse________________isred.练习：1.Thestudent______fatherworksinthefactoryissittingthere.2.Iliketherooms______windowsfacesouth.3.Thisisthedesk______legswerebroken.4.Yesterdayshetalkedwithonewoman____husbanddiedinthataccident.A.whichB.whoseC.ofwhichD.that2.Which引导的定语从句。which在从句做主语或谓语动词和介词的宾语。Thebuildingwhichstandsneartheriverisourschool.(作)Thisisthebook(which)youwant.(作)Theroominwhichthereisamachineisaworkshop.(作)which引导的非限制性定语从句。Ihavelostmypen,whichIlikeverymuch.3.由that引导的定语从句。that在从句中可以指人或物，在从句中做主语或谓语动词的宾语。Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.(作)TheletterthatIreceivedwasfrommyfather.（作）但不能放在介词后面作介词的宾语。Thisistheschoolinthatyouwillstudy.()Thisistheschoolinwhichyouwillstudy.()Thisistheschool(which/that)youwillstudyin.()特别关注1：只能用that不能用which的情况：1）当先行词是不定代词all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,theone时；2）当先行词被theonly,thevery(恰恰正好),any,few,little,no,all等词修饰时；ThisistheberypersonthatI’mwaitingfor.Theonlythingthatwecandoistogiveyousomemoney.3）当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词的前面有形容词最高级修饰时；Thisisthebestthathasbeenusedagainstpollution.这是被用于防止污染的最好的方法。4)当先行词是序数词或它全面有序数词修饰时；ThistrainisthelastthatwillgotoSuzhou.5）当先行词既有人又有物时；6）当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时即当主句以who或which开头时;Whichisthebilethatyoulost?3巩固练习：1).Isthereanything________youdon’tunderstandabouttheproblem?2).Theworstmatter_______I’mafraidofhappenedintheend.3).Allthepresents________yourfriendsgaveyouonyourbirthdayshouldbeputaway.4).Thisistheverybook_________Ihavebeenlookingfor.特别关注2：只能用which/who/whom做关系代词的情况1.)在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人.Helivesinahotel,_____isonlyfiveminutes’walkfromhere.2.)在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。Hehasn’tgotenoughmoneywith______hecanbuythecomputer.3.)先行词为those,one,he时多用who。Those_______breaklawswillbepunished.巩固练习:Choose:that,whichorwho?:1).Hedidall/everything__________hecouldtohelpme.2).Thisistheverything____________Iamafter.3)Wetalkedaboutthemenandthethings__________werememberedatschool.4)Heistheonlyman____________candothework.5)Thisisthefirstthing___________Iwanttosay.6)Heisthefinestman____________Ihaveeverworkedwith.7)Whoistheman___________spoketoyouatthegate?8)Whichisthestar____________isnearesttotheearth?Choose:that,which,whose,whomorwho?1)Isthereanythingelse____________youwanttosay?2)Anyperson______________hasthemoneycanjointhegroup.3)Heoftenspeakstheroleheplayedintheplay,__________-madeothersupset.4)Heopenedthedoor,infrontof_____________sataboy.5)Themanto_____________Ispokeisafamousscientist.6)Theboy______________motherisdeadwasbroughtupbyhisfather.特别关注3：“oneof＋可数名词复数”引导的定语从句1)“oneof＋可数名词复数做先行词,谓语动词应用_____2)“oneof＋可数名词复数”前有the，only或theonly修饰，定语从句中的谓语动词用______。(1.)Heistheonlyoneofthestudents_____thetruth.A.whoknowB.whoknowsC.thatknowD.whoareknowing(2.)“Thirty-nineSteps”isoneofthemostexcitingfilms____directedbyAlfredHotchcock.A.whichwasB.thatwasC.thatwereD.whichwere特别关注4：theway后的定语从句引导词用_______________________________.Eg:Idon’tliketheway_______________hespeakstohismother.4.as引导的定语从句:⑴as用作关系代词和关系副词引导限制性定语从句，并在从句中做主语、表语和状语，构成thesame…as,such…as等结构。4Iwanttohavesuchadictionary_______hehas.Ishalldoitinthesameway________youdid.Ilikethesamebook________youdo.⑵as引导非限制性定语。在从句中做主语、表语或宾语，这个定语从句说明整个句子，可以放在主句之前、之中和之后。Theexperimentisveryimportant,asindeeditis.Asisknowntoall,hestudiesveryhard.Asweallknow,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.注意：which和as的区别是：①which不能放在句首，而as则可以；②在句中时，as有“正如”、“就像”之意，而which没有。③从句的结构为“主语+谓语+宾语”时，as只可以作宾语，不可以做主语，而which都可以。巩固练习：1.Finallythethiefhandedeverything______hehadstolentothepolice.A.whi