中考英语专题复习-阅读理解讲义-人教新目标版

九年级英语下专题复习26阅读理解（二）阅读目标要求：•能理解段落中个句子之间的逻辑关系•能读懂相应水平的常见体裁的读物•能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息考查要求：1.能获取文章的具体信息。2.能理解归纳文章的主旨要义。题型介绍根据短文内容回答问题是阅读理解的一道重要题型。此题为5个问题，问题设计一般比较简单，多数考题针对文章中的事实细节，答案都能在原文中找到出处。最后一个问题通常为开放性题目，往往需要概括文章主旨要义。提问类型1.由一般疑问句引出的判断题（Yes或No回答）2.由选择疑问句（AorB）来提问文章的细节。（选择A或者B来回答）3.由特殊疑问词Who(人物)、Where(地点)、When(时间)、What(事件)、Why(原因)、How(方式)引导的特殊疑问句来提问文章的细节。（根据文章细节回答）4.用一句话概括文章大意，提问形式如下：What’sthemainideaofthepassage?WhatarethepurposesofcelebratingtheEarthDay?Whatarethemainpointsabout...inthispassage?（概括文章大意）解题技巧解题时，要了解对不同问题的回答方式。1.一般疑问句要用Yes或No回答，相对简单些，只要理解文章含义，能判断出是或不是就可以了。2.选择疑问句回答时不用Yes或No，需选择其中正确的一部分来做答。Wasthearearichorpoorinthe1950s?Itwaspoor.真题链接Isplayinginwateragoodchoiceorabadone?Agoodchoice.模拟链接解题技巧3.回答特殊疑问句时较为复杂，要注意问题与回答在形式上的对应。(1)问目的，就应当用for短语，不定式短语等来回答；(2)问原因，就应当用becauseof短语或because从句来回答；(3)问方式，就应当用Bydoing来回答；(4)问时间、地点时，答语中不要忘记介词。(5)提问词是what只能用完整句子、名词或名词性短语、名词性从句(多为宾语从句)来回答;WhatarethepurposesofcelebratingtheEarthDay?真题链接Tohelpmorepeoplerealizetheimportanceofprotectingtheearthandencouragepeopletotakeaction.Whatisthewriter’spurposeofwritingthispassage?Togivesuggestionsaboutwhattodotofeelgoodandhavefunonhotdays.模拟链接Whyshouldtheyhaveproperweight?真题链接Becausetheywon’tgethurtwhentheyland,orgetblownbystrongwinds.WhydidtherestaurantworkershavenotimetolearnEnglish?真题链接Becausetheyoftenworked17hoursaday.WhydidChinesepeoplehave“Bye–ByeThrowawayCultureWeek”?真题链接Becausetheywantedeveryonetostopthrowingawayplasticbags.HowdidyoungChicogetmoney?真题链接Bytakingalittlerubber．Howdowemakeourmotherfeelclosetous?模拟链接Byrespectingherpointofview.WhenwasChicomurdered?真题链接OnDecember22，1988．Wheredotheyjumpfrom?真题链接Theyjumpfromplanes.WhatareSmokejumpers?真题链接Smokejumpersareaspecialkindoffirefighter.Whatcanhelpusunderstandourmotherbetter?Remembering/Knowingourmother’sage.真题链接解题步骤1.初读文章，标好段。2.根据问题中的keywords在文章中定位信息。--稳、准、快3.表述信息精（炼）准(确)变人称时态阅读回答问题第5题的解法1.要点通常包括两个或多于两个。2.抓住文章的结构，通过语篇结构分析文章的主旨大意。3.记住下列单词的拼写及中文意思：development(n.),history(n.),(dis)advantage(n.),Importance(n.),suggestion(n.)value(n.)information(n.),Introduction(n.),feature(n.)，responsible(adj.),creative(adj.)successful(adj.)confident,(adj.)achieve(v.),encourage(v.)4.最后一题通常是用陈述句。记住这些有用的句型：It’s(about)…What…isandhow…Tohelp…andencourage…Para4.Althoughmostsmokejumpersaremen,morewomenarejoining.Mostimportantareyourweightandheight.SmokejumpersintheU.S.forexample,mustbe54to91kilograms,sotheydon’tgethurtwhentheyland,orgetblownbystrongwinds.Para5.Smokejumpersmustbeabletoliveinthewilderness.inRussia,manysmokejumpersknowhowtofindfoodintheforestandevenmakesimplefurniturefromtrees.Para6.Theyworkisdangerous,thehoursarelong.Butforthesefirefighters,smokejumpersisn’tjustajob.Theylovebeingabletojumpoutofplanes,fightfires,andliveintheforest.As28-year-oldRussiansmokejumpersAlexiTishinsays,“Thisisthebestjobforthestrongandbrave.”What’sneededtobeasmokejumpers?此题答案应在4、5、6段中找，划线部分为答题依据。表述时要把它们归纳成一句。Tobeasmokejumper,oneneedstohaveproperheightandweight,beabletoliveinthewildernessandlovehis/herjob.真题链接Weneedtoberesponsibleforourenvironment.Beingafrugalconsumer(节俭的消费者)isonewaytohelp.But,whatexactlydoesthatmean?UseItUpYoucanusethingsupinsteadofwastingthem.Squeezethatlastbitoftoothpasteoutofthetube.Usethelastlittlepieceofsoap....WearItOutYoudonotalwaysneedtohavenewthings.Supposeyoursneakersanymore.Thenyoucangetanewone....Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?此题语篇结构是解题关键，文中有小标题,文章为总-分结构。总-分结构的主旨大意应该在“总”--也就是第一段中找。作者在第一段就开门见山说明要对环境负责，下面每一个小标题都在说whatexactlyafrugalconsumermeans，也就是howtobeafrugalconsumer。Whyandhowtobearesponsibleconsumer？真题链接Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?此题语篇结构是解题关键，文中有小标题,文章为总-分结构。总-分结构的主旨大意应该在“总”--也就是第一段中找。theroadrules是关键词，下面的小标题都是在说roadrules,最后的小标题在说moreinformation，也需要总结。SomeroadrulesandthewaystogetmoreinformationonroadsafetyinNewZealand.真题链接WhatarethemainpointsaboutChinatowninthispassage?归纳第一段大意为Whereitis，其余段落作者是按照时间顺序写的可总结为howithasdeveloped。Whereitisandhowithasdeveloped.ChinatownisthenamegiventoanareainthemiddleofLondon．ItisjustbetweenLeicesterSquareandShaftsburyAvenue．GerrardStreetisatthecenterandisthemostimportantstreetinthearea．ThereisalargeChinesecommunity（社区）withalotofChineserestaurants,Chinesesupermarketsandshopsinthisstreet．Inthe1950s,itwasapoorareaandeverythingwasverycheap．....Inthe1970sand1980s,British-bornChinesestartedtohaveabettereducationandthisbrought....NoweveryoneknowsaboutLondon’sChinatown．DuringtheChineseNewYear,...真题链接模拟链接WhatarethemainpointsabouttheTwinsDayFestivalinthispassage?归纳第一段大意为WhattheTwinsDayFestivalis，其余段落作者是按照时间顺序写的可总结为howithasdeveloped。WhattheTwinsDayFestivalisandhowithasdeveloped.真题链接WhatarethepurposesofcelebratingtheEarthDay?Tohelpmorepeoplerealizetheimportanceofprotectingtheearthandencouragepeopletotakeaction.真题链接OnecoolApril22morning,peoplestartedthedayasusual.Yetitwasnotanormalday.What′ssospecialaboutApril22?Theanswerissimple.ItisEarthDay.Peopleallovertheworldcelebratethisimportantday.TheideaofhavingaspecialdaytocelebrateEarthbeganinthe1960s.Lifewasverydifferentthen.Fewpeopletalkedoreventhoughtabouttheenvironment.Mostpeoplehadnoideahowdirtyourairandwaterwere.OnA