法律英语(Legal+English)(第二版)

1法律英语（LegalEnglish）（第二版）法律出版社，2003年•北京何家弘LessonOneLegalSystem1.公诉制度publicprosecution2.普通法系commonlawlegalsystem3.判例法caselaw4.成文法（制定法）writtenlaw(statutorylaw)5.遵从前例staredecisis6.判例汇编reports7.有约束力的法律解释bindinginterpretation8.法学方法论legalmethodology9.颁布•••为法律bedecreed10.巡回法官itinerantjudges11.英国皇家法院EnglishRoyalCourt12.令状，法院令状writ13.诉讼请求的强制执行enforcementofaclaim14.追诉权recourse15.牛津条例ProvisionofOxford16.本案令状writuponthecase17.诉讼行为formsofaction18.衡平法equitylaw19.公平且善良exaequobono20.特定履行（实际履行）方式之救济reliefintheformofspecificperformance21.大法官法院CourtofChancery22.补偿性损害赔偿金compensatorydamages23.强制令theinjunction24.衡平法准则maximsofequitylaw25.法律概念legalconcept26.不动产realproperty/realestate/immovableproperty/realty27.民事诉讼civilsuit28.衡平法院ChanceryCourt29.财产法上的所有权分割divisionoftitleinthelawofproperty30.先例precedents31.普通法系theCommonLawLegalFamily/theEnglishLawLegalFamily/theEnglish-AmericanLawLegalFamily32.大陆法系theRomanLawLegalFamily/theCivilLawLegalFamily/theContinentalLawLegalFamily33.五月花号公约theMayflowerCompact34.制宪会议theConstitutionalConventionLessonTwoLegalProfession1.法律职业/律师职业thebar法官职业thebench2.律师协会TheBarAssociation3.（律师）执业practicelaw4.执业律师practicinglawyer5.出庭辩护/代理诉讼advocacy6.法律咨询counseling7.法律文件的起草draftingoflegalinstruments8.法律文件legalinstruments29.单独执业者single/individualpractitioner10.合伙关系partnership11.薪水律师salariedlawyer12.律师业务lawpractice13.专职法律顾问housecounsel/corporatecounsel（公司或团体法律顾问）14．辩护人/律师advocate15.私人开业privatepractice16.州检察官/律师stateprosecutor/stateattorney17.地区检察官/律师districtattorney18.起诉检察官/公诉律师prosecutingattorney19.检察系统prosecutorialsystem20.联邦检察官federalprosecutor21.地方检察官localprosecutor22.助理检察官assistantprosecutor23.检察行业prosecutorialprofession24.个人尊严theintegrityoftheindividual25.机会均等equalityofopportunity26.职业道德规范ethicscodes27.听证会hearings28.社区法律服务communitylegalservices29.单人开业solopractice30.律师/法律工作者（美国）attorney/attorney-at-law/counsellor/counsellor-at-law31.律师（英国）barrister/solicitorLessonThreeLegalEducation1.法律博士JurisDoctor(JD)我国现称“法律硕士”并有新名“JurisMaster(JM)2.法学硕士MasterofLaws(LLM)3.法学博士DoctorofJuridicalScience(SJD)4.法律文书写作legalwriting5.批评性思维criticalthinking6.案例教学法casemethod7.苏格拉底式教学法socraticmethod8.讲演式教学法lecturemethod9.美国律师协会认可的法学院ABAaccreditedlawschools10.案情摘要briefs11.模拟法庭mootcourt12.模拟审判mocktrial13.课程指南curriculumguide14.刑事司法criminaljustice15.自由资本主义laissezfaire/lesei’feə/LessonFourJudicialSystem1.联邦法院federalcourts2.联邦法院的组成：联邦最高法院theSupremeCourt13个联邦上诉法院CourtsofAppeals95个联邦地区法院DistrictCourts此外还有：3索赔法院theCourtofClaims关税法院theCustomsCourt关税及专利上诉法院theCourtofCustomsandPatentAppeals等联邦特别法院specialcourts3.各州法院系统一般包括三级法院：基层法院多称为审判法院TrialCourt或巡回法院CircuitCourt中级法院多称为上诉法院AppellateCourtorCourtofAppeals高级法院多称为最高法院SupremeCourt许多州也有一些专门法院：遗嘱检验法院ProbateCourt青少年法院JuvenileCourt家庭关系法院CourtofDomesticRelations小额索赔法院SmallClaimsCourt4．联邦和州最高法院法官称为大法官Justice上诉法院和审判法院的法官则称为法官Judge有些基层法院的审判人员还称为治安法官JusticeofthePeace或司法官Magistrate5.美国联邦最高法院首席大法官ChiefJustice其他8人称大法官AssociateJustice6.巡回法官CircuitJudge7.合议庭CollegiatePanel/CollegiateBench8.诉讼当事人litigant9.司法管辖区judicialdistrict10.案件数量caseload11.联邦巡回法院theFederalCircuit12.复审案件reviewacase13.复查判决reviewadecision14.特别法庭tribunals15.死刑capitalpunishment/deathpenalty16.调案复审令writofcertiorari17.具有开业律师资格beadmittedtopracticelaw18.职业法官careerjudiciary19.民众选举popularvote20.现任法官sittingjudges21.严重不端行为grossmisconduct22.正式诉讼formalproceedings23.负民事责任incurcivilliability24.美国律师协会的“法官行为准则”TheAmericanBarAssociation’sCodeofJudicalConduct25.私人开业律师privatepractitioner26.重罪felony27.轻罪misdemeaner28.审查案件的事实并作出判决reviewthefactsofacaseandrenderadisposition29.终审法院courtoflastresort30.司法巡回区judicialcircuit31.保释金bond32.预审听证preliminaryhearings33.杀人homicide34.强奸sexualassault35.累犯repeatoffenders36.惯犯habitualoffenders437.驳回上诉denythepetitionforappeals38.发回重审remandthecasebacktothelowercourtforreconsideration39.行使广泛的自由裁量权exercisewidediscretionoverLessonFiveConstitution1.法律分类classificationoflaw2.普通法CommonLaw衡平法Equity3.实体法substantivelaw程序法procedurallaw4.公法publiclaw私法privatelaw5.联邦条例ArticlesofConfederationandPerpetualUnion(1977年，美国联邦会议通过，美国最早的宪法性法律文件)6.宪法修正条款amendments7.人权法案theBillofRights（美国1787宪法前十条修正条款的合称）8.宪法至上原则doctrineofconstitutionsupremacy9.基本法fundamentallaw10.通过投票选举来表示其意思expresstheirwillthroughtheballotbox11.严重不法行为extrememisconduct12.渎职行为malfeasance13.弹劾程序processofimpeachment14.第二条第四款articleII,section415.弹劾案billofimpreachment16.众议院HouseofRepresentatives17.参议院Senate18.严厉措施drasticmeasure19.众议院司法委员会HouseJudiciaryCommittee20.生效enterintoforce21.无效havenoforce22.司法解释judicialinterpretation23.叁权分立separationofpowers24.制衡原则checksandbalance25.滥用职权excesses26.行政法令合条例executiveactsandregulations27.马伯里诉麦迪逊案caseofMarburyvsMadison28.司法审查原则thedoctrineofjudicialreview29.合宪性constitutionality30.酸度测试/严格检验acidtest31.否决veto32.特赦grantpardonsfor33.拨款appropriatefundsfor34.（法规、条约等的）序言、导言preamble35.联邦条例ArticlesofConfederation36.权力的滥用excessivepower37.英国普通法中的“自然正义原则”principlesof“NaturalJustice”underBritishCommonLaw