基于单片机GSM火灾报警系统的设计.

毕业论文（设计）题目：基于单片机GSM火灾报警系统的设计学院：电气工程学院学号：P101813196姓名：谭柳生专业年级：10级电信(3)班指导老师：王书志I基于单片机GSM火灾报警系统的设计专业：电子信息工程姓名：谭柳生指导老师：王书志摘要：随着近年来我国经济的快速发展，人们生活多元化的同时，身边的可燃物越来越多，因此火灾险情发生的可能性也越来越高。火灾的险情日趋增加，火灾发生的次数及所给人们造成的财产损失不可估量。据相关部门统计，从1998年到2010期间，一共发生的火灾次数将近1.8万起，每年造成的经济损失达到12亿元，造成的人身伤害更是巨大。可见，做好火灾的预防工作不仅仅是过去的事情，更是未来防护工作中的重中之重。我们要利用信息时代给我们带来的种种优越性，在生产生活当中利用传感器技术来应用到火灾预防领域当中，因此，我们对传感器技术的要求越来越高。提高对传感器的认识和了解，工作原理及特性对我们的日常防护是非常重要的。这里采用电阻式烟雾传感器和单片机技术相结合，综合可靠的GSM移动网络，采取定位检测，发现险情并远程报警的技术，以尽可能的降低火灾所造成的损失。系统应用中烟雾传感器所采用的是具有能对可燃气体进行检测的半导体敏感元件MQ-2器件，其具有高灵敏度，快速响应，强抗干扰性的特点，所以在系统的使用中具有一定的优越性。选用的STC89C52单片机具有低损耗、高性能并且能进行快速擦除快速写入程序的特点。系统在报警装置上还借助于稳定的移动网络，当火灾险情发生时，利用GSM模块远程报警，真正实现实时监控、远程传输的特点，有效的达到预防火灾的意义。关键词：火灾，烟雾传感器，单片机，GSMIIABSTRACTInresentyears,withtheboomingoftheeconomyinourcountry,peopleliveadiversitylife,moreandmorecombustiblematerialsarearoundus,thepossibilityoffiredangerisgrowingup.Firedangerincreasesdaybyday,itcan’tcountthefirehappeningtimesandthelostofproperty.Accordingtothestatisticsofrelativedepartment,firehappensabouteighteenthousandtimesbetween1998and2010,financiallosscomesto12billioneachyear,thevictimsmaybemoreenormous.itisthusclearthatitisimportanttotakepreventionworkwhetherthepastorthefuture.WeneedtotakeadvantageofthesuperiorityofinformationAge,intheproductionlife,weneedtousethetechnologyofsensorinthepreventionfield,hence,wearestrictwiththerequirementofthetechnologyofsensor.Improvingtheawarenessandunderstandingofthesensor,theworkingprincipleandcharacteristicsareveryimportanttotheprotectionofourdaily.WeintegratetheresistivesmokesensorandSCMtechnology,integratingthereliabilityofGSMmovinginternet,adoptinglocationdetection,andthetechnologytofindthedangerousandremotewarning,allthesemeasurearetakentodecentthelost.smokesensoradoptsSemiconductorsensitiveelementsinMQ-2devicestocheckthecombustiblegasinSystematicapplying,itholdsmanyfeature,suchasHighsensitivity,fastresponseandanti-interference,alltheusinghastheirsuperiorityinsystem.ThecharacteristicsofSTC89C52SCMarelowerenergyconsumption,higher-performanceandQuicklyerasedfastwriteprogram.Systemborrowsthestablemovinginternetinthewarningdevice,whenfiredangerhappens,wecanuseGSMModuleremotealarmtorealizethefeatureIIIReal-timeMonitoringandremoteconvey,andreachthemeaningofthepreventionoffire.Thekeyword:Fire,SmokeSensor,SCM,GSM目录1绪论...............................................................................11.1概述.....................................................................................................................................................11.2发展前景分析.....................................................................................................................................11.3火灾报警系统发展状况及特征.........................................................................................................21.3.1火灾报警系统发展状况..........................................................................................................21.3.2火灾报警系统发展特征..........................................................................................................21.4课题研究的背景和意义.....................................................................................................................31.5课题研究的主要内容.........................................................................................................................32火灾报警器功能需求及方案设计.......................................................42.1功能需求及设计方案.........................................................................................................................42.1.1火灾报警器功能需求..............................................................................................................42.1.2火灾报警器的设计方案..........................................................................................................42.2烟雾传感器的选型.............................................................................................................................62.2.1烟雾传感器的种类介绍..........................................................................................................62.2.2烟雾传感器的选定................................................................................................................102.3火灾报警器的整体方案设计............................................................................................................112.3.1报警器工作原理.....................................................................................................................112.3.2火灾报警器的结构.................................................................................................................112.3.3火灾报警器的功能................................................................................................................123系统硬件的设计....................................................................143.1控制芯片的选择..............................................................................................................................143.1.1单片机芯片STC89C52.........................................................................................................143.1.2A/D转换