辐照处理对碧玺物理性质的影响

吴瑞华林善园白峰张生俊(,100083),,,,1[XY3Z6B3Si6O27(O,OH,F)4](X=Ca,K,Na,Y=Fe2+,Mg2+,Al,Li,Fe3+,Mn2+;Z=Al,Cr3+,Fe3+)[1,5],,,[1],,[2~5][6],,,05~2cm,[5~7],[6~8],2()(),Co-60()(1),,,,,,,,,(),,-,,,,174Vol.17,No.4199812ACTAPETROLOGICAETMINERALOGICADec.,1998,,1947,,,1998-08-12,1998-10-061Table1Typesandcharacteristicsofradiationsources(MeV)(Mrad/h)Co-6003092117,13333~15~(7~18MeV15~1([9])Fig.1Colorcenterformation,absorptionoflightenergyandcreationofcolor(fromreference[9])1,,,(Frenkel)(Shottky)12MeV,,,20~50()22()([2])Table2NatureofraysandParticlesusedforgemirradiation(fromreference[2])(eV)2~3,5X100001000000:1000000:1000000:10000000:,,1000000372173200,,,,,,,,(B-X-3Y-W-9),:-,-(3),c,c,,,,383Table3ComparisonofcolorsbetweentreatedanduntreatedtourmalinesY-A-4Y-A-8Y-A-11Y-A-12Y-W-8Y-W-9B-X-2B-X-3--:,4(wt%)Table4ComparisonofEPMAresultsbetweentreatedanduntreatedtourmalines(wt%):JCXA-733;:15kV,40deg,100sec;:()*R3734:5Table5ComparisonofcelldimensionsbetweentreatedanduntrreatedtourmalinesY-A-4Y-A-12B-X-3Y-W-9a()1586658159199015879251585455c()711324714177712114711680a()1588536158860815847061585699c()712409711756710613711412:X:D/max-RC;:Cu,50kV,80mA,8deg/min;:X6Table6ComparisonofhardnessbetweentreatedanduntreatedtourmalinesY-S-4Y-A-8Y-A-11Y-W-8B-X-2HV11681097135512061187HM71096692745071857147HV12261226122814521452HM72247224734476447644:OPTHOLOV-2POHBK;;;:()7Table7ComparisonofreflectionindicesbetweentreatedanduntreatedtourmalinesY-A-4Y-A-8Y-A-11Y-A-12Y-W-8Y-W-9B-X-2B-X-3!16391640164016381638163816381638∀16201620161816201620161816201621!16401638164116401638164016401638∀16181620162016201620162016201620:A-KRUSS;:;:()8Talbe8ComparisonofdensitiesbetweentreatedanduntreatedtourmalinesY-A-4Y-A-8Y-A-11Y-A-12Y-W-8Y-W-9B-X-2B-X-33052307130863054314828503045303030413136307530803064304030693059:MP200A,1mg;:;:;:()374174413,,,,,MnFeTiCuAlSiOHO:Mn2+!Mn3++e;Fe2+!Fe3++e;Ti4++e!Ti3+;Fe3++e!Fe2+,Mg2+Mn2+Na+,Fe3+Ti3+Mn3+Cr2+Mg2+Fe2+Al3+Fe3+Mn3+Si4+,,,,LiOOHF,,,424,,B-X-2,,,,,SiO2Al2O3,SiAl43,,(5),,,:(1),(2),,,,OHF,,,,44,(6),,,(Y-A-4),,,(),,,,,,,c,,,c3754:45(7)46,(8)Y-A-4,,Y-A-12B-X-3Y-W-9,,5,(),,,,,,,,,,,,,;,1DietrichRV.Thetourmalinegroup.VanNostrandReinhold,NewYork,1995.2NassauK.Gemstoneenhancement.Butterworths,London,1984.3KammerlingRC,KoivulaJIandKaneRE.Gemstoneenhancementanditsdetectioninthe1980s.GemsandGemology,1990,26(1):32~49.4Ashbaugh∀CE.Gemstoneirradiationandradioactivity.GemsandGemology,1989,25(4):196~213.5CassedanneJP,RoditiM.Thelocation,geologyandmineralogyofgemtourmalineinBrazil.JournalofGemmology,1996,25(4):263~298.6FritschEetal.GemqualitycuprianelbaitetourmalinesfromSaoJoseDABatalha,Paraiba,Brazil.GemsandGemology,1990,26(3):189~205.7BeckerG.Gemnews:TreatedParaibatourmalines.GemsandGemology,1990,26(1):103~104.8..,1996,16(3):291~296.9K...,.,1991.37617TheEffectsofIrradiationonSomePhysicalPropertiesofTourmalineWuRuihuaLinShanyuanBaiFengZhangShengjun(GemmologicalSchoolofChinaUniversityofGeosciences,Beijing100083)KeyWords:tourmaline;irradiation;colorcenter;gemenhancementAbstractTourmalineisakindofgemmaterialwithcomplexstructure,compositionandisomorphoussubstitution,whichresusltindiversetypesandcolorsofthisgem.Irradiationisfairlyimportantamongthecolorenhancementmethodsoftourmaline,whosecompositionalmostcoversthewholeperiodictable.Thispaperdealswiththetourmalinesirradiatedby12MeVhighenergyelectrons.Testsonsomephysicalproperitesofbothuntreatedandtreatedsamplesweremade.Asaresult,theauthorshavefoundthatirradiationofhighenergyparticlescancausesomechangesofphysicalpropertiesofthisgem,suchasdensity,celldimensionsandcolor.Oneofthecausesofcolorchangeisthatirradiationcreatesandremovessomecrystaldefectscalledcolorcenters.Therearetwokindsofcolorcenters,namelytheelectroncenterandthevacancycenter.TheactionsofparticlesorraysonionsofMn,Fe,Ti,Cu,Al,SiandOinOHmaybeprobablythecauseforthedeephueofsomeirradiatiedsamples.Irradiationmayaltertheionvalencestateanditsposition,andhencecreatethecolorcenter.Irradiationalsoreducesthetotalelementcompositionofthegemandraisesitshardness.Navertheless,itonlycausesnegligiblechangesonreflectionindieces,andthechangesofcelldimensionsvarywithtreatedcolors.1998,,,!:()万渝生王濮王天兴王立本王宗良王松山王海平毛景文白文吉刘成林汤集刚曲高生孙岱生张旗张乃娴张天乐张宗清张招崇张建新张振禹邹天人李兆鼐李延河李荫清李胜荣芮宗瑶吴才来余金生沈廷超杨岳清杨慧宁陈殿芬季克俭金若谷周卫洪大卫施倪承袁忠信耿元生夏林圻郭立鹤崔军文梁祥济曹正民蒋忠诚#岩石矿物学杂志∃3774: