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当前位置:首页 > 行业资料 > 其它行业文档 > 2016全国卷高考语法专题虚拟语气
高考英语语法专题虚拟语气一虚拟语气概述陈述语气:表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的,用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。如:Therearetwosidestoeveryquestion.Wereyoubusyalldayyesterday?祈使语气:表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。如:Neverbelateagain!Don’tforgettoturnoffthelight.虚拟语气:______________________________________________________________如:IfIwereabird,Icouldflyintheair.条件句分为真实条件句与非真实条件句。虚拟语气属于非真实条件真实条件表示现实情况中可能实现的情况;而非真实条件表示与现实情况相反的假想。1.Iftheworkingconditionsarenottoobad,Iwillacceptthejob.如果工作条件不太差,我会接受这项工作。(真实条件)2.Iftheworkingconditionswerenottoobad,Iwouldacceptthejob.如果工作条件不太差,我就接受这项工作了。(非真实条件)3.Hesaidifhefailed,hewouldhaveanothertry.他说他如果失败,他还会再试一次。(真实条件)4.Ifhehadfailed,hewouldhavehadanothertry.如果他失败的话,他会再试一次的。(非真实条件)二陕西高考真题再现1(2015陕西高考23题)Ellenisafantasticdancer.IwishI_________aswellasher.A.danceB.willdanceC.haddancedD.danced2(2014·陕西高考23题)Wewouldratherourdaughter________athomewithus,butitisherchoice,andsheisnotachildanylonger.A.wouldstayB.hasstayedC.stayedD.stay3(2013·陕西高考12题)Mymomsuggeststhatwe_____eatoutforachangethisweekend.A.shouldB.mightC.couldD.would4(2012陕西高考17题).Ifmycar_________morereliable,IwouldhavedriventoLhasainsteadofflyinglastsummer.A.wasB.hadbeenC.shouldbeD.wouldbe5(2011陕西高考22题).I__________throughthatbitterperiodwithoutyourgeneroushelp.A.couldn’thavegoneB.didn’tgoC.wouldn’tgoD.hadn’tgone6(2010陕西高考15题)Ifwe___theotherroad,wemighthavearrivedhereintimeforthemeeting.A.takeB.hadtakenC.tookD.havetaken三虚拟语气考点精讲一非真实条件句1.if条件状语从句中的虚拟语气类别用法例句If引导的条件从句与现在事实相反从句动词:过去式(be用were)主句动词:should/would/could/might+动词原形Ifitweren’tsnowing,wewouldn’tstayinthehouse.(事实上现在下雪)Ifhehurried,hecouldcatchthefirstbus.Ifitweren’tforyourhelp,wewouldgetintotrouble.与过去事实相反从句动词:had+过去分词主句动词:should/would/could/might+have+过去分词IfIhadbeenfree,Iwouldhavevisitedyou.IfBobhadcomewithus,hewouldhavehadagoodtime.Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldnothavemadesuchamistake.与将来事实相反从句动词:过去式/should+动词原形/were+不定式主句动词:should/would/could/might+动词原形Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgocamping.Wewouldstayathomeifitshouldraintomorrow.IfIweretodotheexaminationIwoulddoitsomeotherway.【活学巧用】1.IfIweretodoit,I_______itinadifferentway.A.shalldoB.willdoC.woulddoD.havedone2.Ifyouaskedyourfather,you________permission.A.maygetB.mightgetC.shouldhavegotD.maybeget3.Ifhe_____myadvice,hewouldn’thavelosthisjob.A.followedB.shouldfollowC.hadfollowedD.wouldfollow4.Ifwe______theotherroad,wemighthavearrivedhereintimeforthemeeting.A.takeB.hadtakenC.tookD.havetaken5.---Johnwenttothehospitalalone.---Ifhe_______meaboutit,Iwouldhavegonewithhim.A.shouldtellB.tellsC.toldD.hadtold6.MaybeifI_______science,andnotliteraturethen,Iwouldbeabletogiveyoumorehelp.A.studiedB.wouldstudyC.hadstudiedD.wasstudying2.混合虚拟结构(1)不同时间的虚拟Ifhehadlistenedtome,hewouldnotbeintroublenow.(从句与过去事实相反,主句与现在事实相反)Ifhehadtoldmeyesterday,Ishouldknowwhattodonow.(从句与过去事实相反,主句与现在事实相反)IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavegonetoherbirthdayparty.(从句与现在事实相反,主句与过去事实相反)(2)虚拟与陈述的混合Hecouldhavepassedtheexam,buthewasn’tcarefulenough.Youshouldhavecomeearlier.Thebusleftamomentago.【活学巧用】1.Thetreelookedasifit______foralongtime.A.hasn'twateredB.didn'twaterC.hadn'tbeenwateredD.wasn'twatered2.ItishardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI______inloveattheageofseven,withMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown.A.wouldn’thavefallenB.hadnotfallenC.shouldfallD.weretofall二含蓄条件句非真实条件句中的条件从句不出现if,假想条件只暗含在上下文中,这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。WhatwouldIhavedonewithoutyou?如没有你,我会怎么办呢?Itwouldbeeasiertodoitthisway.这样做会比较容易。Iwouldappreciatealittleofyourtime.谢谢你给我一点时间吧。1.without/butfor/intheabsenceof表示“要不是”,“如果没有”(相当于ifitwerenotfor)表示条件时,句中一般用虚拟语气。Withoutyourhelp,Icouldn'tfinishmyworkontime.Intheabsenceofwaterandair,nothingcouldlive.Butforyourassistance,wecouldnotaccomplishit.要不是你的帮忙,我们是难有成就的。2.句中含有or,orelse,otherwise,but等词语,暗示句子的某一部分(前句或后句)需用虚拟语气。HewasonbusinessinBeijingatthattime;otherwisehemighthavehelpedus.LuckilyMarytelephonedtoinformmeofthemeeting,orIwouldhavebeenabsent.Ishouldhaveattendedmyfriend’sweddingceremony,butIcouldn’taffordthetime.【活学巧用】1.ButforthehelpofmyEnglishteacher,I_______thefirstprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition.A.wouldnotwinB.wouldnothavewonC.wouldwinD.wouldhavewon2.I_______soonerbutIdidn’tknowthattheywerewaitingforme.A.hadcomeB.wascomingC.wouldcomeD.wouldhavecome3.I______throughthatbitterperiodwithoutyourgeneroushelp.A.couldn’thavegoneB.didn’tgoC.wouldn’tgoD.hadn’tgone4.---Pityyoumissedthelectureonnuclearpollution.---I______it,butIwasbusypreparingforajobinterview.A.attendedB.hadattendedC.wouldattendD.wouldhaveattended5.Butfortheirhelp,we_______theprogramintime.A.cannotfinishB.willnotfinishC.hadnotfinishD.couldnothavefinished6.Thankyouforallyourhardworklastweek.Idon’tthinkwe______itwithoutyou.A.canmanageB.couldhavemanagedC.couldmanageD.canhavemanaged7.Withoutelectroniccomputers,muchoftoday’sadvancedtechnology_____.A.willnothavebeenachievedB.havenotbeenachievedC.wouldnothavebeenachievedD.hadnotbeenachieved三非真实条件句倒装省略连词if。在书面语中,如果虚拟条件从句中有were,had或should,可以把if省略,把这几个词放到主语之前,构成主谓倒装。1.Ifhehadseenyouyesterday,hewouldhaveaskedyouaboutit.→Hadheseenyouyesterday,hewouldhaveaskedyouaboutit.2.IfIwereyou,Iwoulddoitatonce.→WereIyou,Iwoulddoitatonce.3.Shouldheco
本文标题:2016全国卷高考语法专题虚拟语气
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