2016聚焦中考英语(辽宁省)考点跟踪突破43任务型阅读训练二完成表格型

训练二完成表格型阅读下面短文，完成表格。(一)土壤知识(2015，葫芦岛)Youprobablydon'tthinkaboutsoiloften，butthefollowingreportmayhelpyoulearnaboutscienceofsoil.Whatissoilmadeof?Soilismadeofsediments(沉积物)andhumus(腐殖质)．Sedimentissmallpiecesofrockbrokendownovertimebyrain，ice，andwind.Sedimentisoftenfoundinwater.Humuscomesfromdecayed(腐烂的)plantsandanimals.Ithelpsgiveplantsalotofthefoodtheyneedtogrow.Howdoessoilform?●Overcenturies，rockbreaksdownintoverysmallpieces.●Therockpiecesmixwithhumus.●Thehumusgetsthickerandthickerovertime.Soilisformed(形成)!Howaresoilsdifferent?Soilscanbedifferentcolorsandhavedifferenttextures(质感)．Textureishowthesurfaceofanobjectfeels.Colorandtexturearetwofeatures(特征)ofsoil.PlantsandsoilPlantsdonotgrowwellinsomesoils.Sandysoilistoodry.Itdoesnotholdwater.Soilwithtoomuchclayistoothick.Mostplantsgrowwellindark，richgardensoilthathasdifferentsedimentsandalotofhumusinit.Thetitle(标题)：1.Science_of_soilThethingsinsoilSedimentisoftenfoundinwater.Humus2.comes/is_fromdecayedplantsandanimals.ThestepsofformingRockbreaksdownintoverysmallpieces.Therockpiecesmixwithhumus.Thehumusgets3.thicker_and_thicker_(over_time).4.The_differences/features_(between/of_soils)Soilscanbedifferentcolorsandhavedifferenttextures.Therelationshipbetweenplantsandsoil5.Dark，rich_garden_soilisgoodforplantstogrowin.【文章大意】本文介绍了土壤的一些知识，比如组成成分、形成过程等。1．【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第一句话．..mayhelpyoulearnaboutscienceofsoil可知本文主要介绍scienceofsoil。2．【解析】细节理解题。根据文中第一个小标题下Humuscomesfromdecayedplantsandanimals.可知。3．【解析】细节理解题。根据文中第二个小标题下Thehumusgetsthickerandthickerovertime.可知。4．【解析】推理判断题。根据文中第三个小标题Howaresoilsdifferent？可知小标题下的内容是关于土壤特征的。5．【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一个小标题下Mostplantsgrowwellindark，richgardensoil...可知。(二)中国首富——马云(2015，铁岭)MaYun，China'srichestman，explainshowtoleadasuccessfullife.Thinkahead.“Wegotsuccessfultodaynotbecausewedidagreatjobtoday—wehadadream15yearsago.”Moneyisn'thappiness—it'sresponsibility(责任)．“WhenIfinishschool，Imade$20amonth，whichwasfantastic.Whenyouhaveonemilliondollars，you'realuckyman.Whenyouhave10milliondollars，you'vegottrouble，alotofheadaches.Whenyouhavemorethanonebillion(十亿)dollars，orahundredmilliondollars，that'saresponsibilityyouhave—it'sthetrustofpeopleonyou，becausepeoplebelieveyoucanspendmoneybetterthantheothers.”Expecttheunexpected.“Lifeislikeaboxofchocolate.”Masaid，drawingalinefromoneofhisfavoritefilms，ForrestGump(《阿甘正传》)．“Youneverknowwhatyou'regoingtoget.”Youdon'tneedconnectionstoachievesuccess.“Wedon'thavearichfatherorapowerfuluncle.Weonlyhavethecustomersthatsupportusallthetime.”Tochangetheworld，invest(投资)inyouth.“Thesecrethereishelpingthosewhowanttobesuccessful.Helpyoungpeople.Helpsmallkids.Becausesmallkidswillbebig.Youngpeoplewillhavetheseeds(种子)youplantintheirmindsandwhentheygrowuptheywillchangetheworld.”FiveLessonsfromMaYunThinkahead.Oursuccesscamefrom1.our_dream(s)/a_dream/dreams.Moneyisn'thappiness—it'sresponsibility.2.The_more_moneyyoumake，themoreresponsibilityyouwillhave.3.Expect_the_unexpected．Youneverknowwhatyou'regoingtoget.Youdon'tneedconnectionstoachievesuccess.Successdoesn't4.depend_on/connect_with/have_to_do_withyourfamilybackground.Tochangetheworld，investinyouth.Helpyoungpeoplewho5.want_to_be_successful/want_to_succeed.【文章大意】本文主要介绍了中国首富马云成功的原因。1．【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段Wegotsuccessfultodaynotbecausewedidagreatjobtoday—wehadadream15yearsold.可知成功并不是因为有个好工作，而是因为有梦想，因此成功来自于梦想。2．【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段内容“有100万美元时，你是幸运的，有1000万美元时，你会有麻烦。有超过十亿美元时，你就有更多的责任”，可知钱越多，责任就越多。“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”意为“越……越……”。3．【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句Youneverknowwhatyou'regoingtoget.可知答案。4．【解析】细节理解题。根据此标题，“你不需要关系来获得成功”，及第五段中Wedon'thavearichfatherorapowerfuluncle.可知成功与家庭背景是无关的。5．【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句Thesecrethereishelpingthosewhowanttobesuccessful.可知答案。(三)英国——付小费(2015，辽阳)Totip(付小费)ornottotip？AndhowmuchshouldyoutipintheUK？Englishpeopleareoftenworriedaboutbreakingtherulesoftipping.Infact，tippingiswelcomebutnotalwaystherightthingtodointheUK.Forexample，tippingincafes(小餐馆)andfastfoodrestaurantscancauseconfusion(困惑)．Ifyoupayforyourorderatacounter(柜台)butfoodisbroughttoyourtable，tippingisn'tcommon，either.Insomerestaurants，awaiterorwaitresstakesyourorder，andthenyoureceiveyourfoodandbillatyourtable，it'scommontotiparound10percent.Insomerestaurants，aservicecharge(收费)maybeaddedtothebill，usually10or12.5percent.Inthiscase，youneedn'taddatip.Whenpayingbycreditcard(信用卡)intheUK，creditcardtipsarepaidtorestaurants.Checkyourbilltoseeifaservicechargeisaddedbeforepaying—ifso，youneedn'taddatiponthemachine.Sometimeswhenyouuseataxitoorfromtheairport，you'dbettertip2or3poundsifthedriverhelpsyouwithyourbags.Therearemanyculturaldifferencesbetweencountries.Sobeforeyougoonyourtrip，besuretocheckthetippingcultureonline.TipintheUKTip1.in_cafesandfastfoodrestaurants◆Tippingmaynotbesuitable(合适的).Tipinrestaurants◆Ifawaiterorwaitresstakesyourorderandthenbringsyoufoodandbill，you'dbettertipabout2.10_precent/10%．◆Ifthebillincludesaservicecharge，you3.needn't/don't_have_toleaveatip.◆4.Restaurantsusuallygetthecredittips.Tipthetaxidriver◆Youshouldpaythedriver5.2_or_3_poundsifhehelpsyouwithyourbags.【文章大意】本文介绍了在英国服务行业中，有关付小费的知识。1．【解析】根据第二段第二句Forexample，tippingincaf