网络效应与进入壁垒-以微软反垄断诉讼案为例

268Vol.26No.820008TheStudyofFinanceandEconomicsAug.2000:(,200433):,,,,:;;;;:F626.5:A:100129952(2000)08n0021206,,,(1),,,,,(2),,;,(KatzShapiro,1985)/,PC,1./,,,,,,,:2000204228:(1972-),,,122.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Windows90%,,,,,,,1.22,,,0,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,2.,,,,,,,,,,Windows,,Windows,Windows,Windows,Windows,,,,WindowsWindows,,Windows70000,Windows,PC3.,,,,,Windows,,,,,Windows32,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Windows70000,,,,,4.PC,,,,Windows,,IBMPC,1994OS/2,Windows,OS/2,OS/2,,,,,OS/22500,10%,IBM,PC,,Windows2.55.,,Intel,,,,,,,,Windows,,,,,,,42Windows,,11,,,,,,,,,,,,,,IntelPC,,,,,Netscape,,,,Windows,IE,WindowsIntelPC,IE,,,Windows,,,,WindowsMSnDOS,,,2.,,,OEM,OEM,,,OEMIBMOS/2OEM,PCWindows,90%PCOEM,,,52Navigator,,,OEM/(ISP/ICP)(IAP),IE,IE3.,,,,19904DRnDOS,MS-DOS5.01991,DRnDOS,:[1](),.[M].:,,1996.[2]ChurchJ.AndN.Bandal.Networkeffects,SoftwareProvisionandStandardization[J].JournalofIndu2strialEconomics40:85-103,1992.[3]Farrell,JosephandGarthSaloner.Installedbaseandcompatibility:Innvoation,productpreannouncement,andPredation[J].AmericanEconomicReview76,940-955,1986.[4]JohnSutton.TechnologyandMarketStructure[M].MITpress,Cambridge,Massachusetts,1998.NetworkEffectandEntryBarriers:theLawsuitofMicrosoftAntitrustLITainyong(TheResearchCenterofIndustrialEconomics,ShanghaiUniversityofFinanceandEconomics,Shanghai,China,200433)Abstract:Whenamarkethasnetworkeffect,consumersexpectation,installedbase,andfeedbackeffect,thethreefactorshavingcloserelationshipswithnetworkeffect,willinteract,whichwillmakemarketequilibriumtiptooneproductwithbiggerscaleofinstalledbase,cause2ingcompetitiveprocessestohavemonopolyoutcomes.Networkeffectisanimportantentrybarri2er,andenhancestheotherentrybarriers.Microsofthasimplementednetworkeffectandentrybarrierstogetmarketmonopolyposition.Keywords:networkeffect;feedbackeffect;consumersexpectation;installedbase;entrybarriers62