基于单片机的出租车计价器设计

CHANGSHAUNIVERSITYOFSCIENCE&TECHNOLOGY毕业设计（设计）题目：基于单片机的出租车计价器设计学生姓名：张书震学号：200857050124班级:055710801专业：电子信息工程指导教师：席燕辉2012年06月基于单片机的出租车计价器设计学生姓名：张书震学号：200857050124班级：055710801所在院（系）：电气与信息工程学院指导教师：席燕辉完成日期：2012年6月15日基于单片机的出租车计价器设计基于单片机的出租车计价器设计摘要随着国内城市现代化的发展，出租车行业突飞猛进，出租车计价器的市场需求量也大大增加。出租车计价器是乘客与司机双方的交易准则，是出租车行业发展的重要标志，关系着乘客和出租车司机双方的利益。具有良好性能的计价器无论是对广大出租车司机朋友还是乘客来说都是很必要的。传统机械式和半机械式出租车计价器主要依靠传感器接收的脉冲进行计数，依靠齿轮比进行计价，不可避免的造成计价器易损耗，精度低，不易调整价格，容易作弊等问题。从加强出租车行业管理及服务质量并且节约成本出发，考虑到单片机已经再各个领域成熟的应用了几十年，其技术可靠，参考资料丰富，价格低廉，因此本文选取了AT89S52这一单片机做为计价器的核心。运用霍尔传感器检测车轮转数，读取掉电存储单元里面的价格信息，经单片机处理之后显示到LED数码管上。用单片机进行的设计，相对来说功能强大，用较少的硬件和适当的软件相互配合很容易实现设计要求，且灵活性强，可以通过软件编程来完成更多的附加功能。通过软件就可以轻易的实现计费模式的切换。本设计采用LED数码管提供了友好易读的界面，数据信息一目了然，极大的方便了司机朋友的使用。关键词:出租车计价器；AT89S52；单价调节；软硬件设计基于单片机的出租车计价器设计ADESIGNOFTAXIMETERBASEDONSINGLECHIPDESIGNABSTRACTWiththedevelopmentofmoderndomesticcities,thetaxiindustrybyleapsandbounds，andtherentalcarmileagefaremeter'smarketdemandisalsogreatlyincreasing.Taximeterisbothpassengersanddriversofthetransactioncriteria,ataxiisthemostimportanttools.Itrelatestotheinterestsofbothtransactions.Hasagoodperformanceregardlessofthemeterisavastnumberoftaxidriversorpassengersareverynecessary.Traditionalmechanicalandsemi-mechanicalTaximeterrelymainlyonthesensortoreceivethepulsecount,relyingonthepricingofgearratio,theinevitableresultofthemetereasytowearandtear,lowprecision,easytoadjusttheprice,easytocheatandotherissues.Inordertostrengthentherentalcartrademanagementandthegradeofservice，andsavesthecosttoembark，Thesingle-chipcircuitrytoAT89S52asthecenter,anadditionalHallsensorA44Eranging,torealizeTaximeterstatistics,usingAT24C02realizewhenthesystempower-downunitpricesandsaveinformationsuchassystemtime.MCUusedforthedesign,arelativelypowerful,withlesshardwareandappropriatesoftwarecaneasilycoordinatewitheachothertoachievethedesignrequirements,flexibilityandstrong,canbeprogrammedbysoftwaretocompletemoreoftheadditionalFunction.Pricingmodelfortheswitch,softwareprogrammingandcaneasilycitetheachievement.Alsointhisprogrammethattheuseofa8digitaldisplaytube,canbemorefriendlytouseinterface.ThisdesignusesLEDdigitaltubetoprovideafriendlyandeasytoreadinterfaceanddatainformationataglance,whichgreatlyfacilitatestheuseofthedriverfriends。Keywords:Rentalcarmileagefaremeter；AT89S52；unitpriceadjustment；softwareandhardwaredesign基于单片机的出租车计价器设计目录1绪论..........................................................................................................................11.1课题背景..............................................................................................................11.2本文研究目的.....................................................................................................21.3本文主要内容......................................................................................................22总体方案设计..........................................................................................................32.1方案论证与比较..................................................................................................32.2单片机系统总体设计..........................................................................................42.3芯片简介..............................................................................................................52.3.1AT89S52........................................................................................................52.3.4DS1302.........................................................................................................62.3.5A44E.............................................................................................................72.3.6AT24C02.......................................................................................................82.3.774LS138......................................................................................................103硬件电路设计........................................................................................................113.1CPU模块...........................................................................................................113.2路程测量部分...................................................................................................123.3数据显示部分...................................................................................................133.5时钟部分...........................................................................................................143.6掉电存储电路...................................................................................................143.7按键部分电路...................................................................................................153.8章节总结...........................................................................................................164系统软件设计........................................................................................................174.1主程序设计.......................................................................................................174.2里程计数中断服务程序...................................