unit-4-cultural-encounters

CulturalEncountersUnit4WhatisCultureInanthropology,itreferstothepatternsofbehaviorandthinkingthatpeoplelivinginsocialgroupslearn,create,andshare.Apeople’scultureincludestheirbeliefs,rulesofbehavior,language,rituals,art,technology,stylesofdress,waysofproducingandcookingfood,religion,andpoliticalandeconomicsystems.ChinaVS.U.S.A•Threedailymeals•Advice•Life-styleinoldage•Child•Travel•Chief•…Culturaldifferences•Waysofgreeting•Clothing•Useofalcohol•Eatingstyle•Conversationstyle•Senseofhumor•Publicdisplayofaffection•Conceptoftime•…Howtodealwithencounters?•Interactionwithlocalsalwaysreducesthefeelingofalienation.•Oftenintermediarieswhoarefamiliarwithbothculturescanbehelpfulincross-culturalcommunicationsituations.•MakesureyouarementallypreparedtomeetstrangepeopleandcompletelydifferentcultureGlobalReading1.Whichsentenceisthethesisstatement?Thelastsentenceofthe3rdparagraph:“Mostfundamentalistheprofoundrelationshipbetweenlanguageandculturethatliesattheheartofsocietyandonethatweoverlookatourperil.”2.Intheauthor’sview,whatisakeynotiontosolveculturalencounters?DetailedexamplesCompromising.Paragraph4:ThelackofanexactcounterpartoftheEnglishword“homesickness”inotherlanguagessuchasItalian,Portuguese,andGerman.Paragraph5:TheproblemofuntranslatabilitywhichtheearlyBibletranslatorsencountered.Paragraph6:EnglishandWelshspeakersmakeadjustmentsregardingthecolorspectruminthegrey/green/blue/brownrange;theflatbreadsofCentralAsiaarealongwayawayfromMother’sPridewhiteslicedtoasties,yettheword“bread”hastoserveforboth.DetailReadingPartone(Para.1-3)1.WhatdocheapflightsandtheInternetmeantopeopletoday?Cheapflightsmeanthatmillionsofpeoplecanaffordtovisitplacestheirparentscouldonlydreamabout,whiletheInternetmeansthatnumerouspeopleareabletocommunicatewiththeremotestplaceswithgreatease.2.ExemplifyandexplainthatEnglishhasbecomethemostimportantinternationallanguage.ConferencesandbusinessmeetingsaroundtheglobeareheldinEnglish,regardlessofwhetheranyonepresentisanativeEnglishspeaker.1.Weliveinanageofeasyaccesstotherestoftheworld.access:entrance;wayin;righttoenterEg:要去到农场唯有穿过田野。学生有使用好的图书馆的权利。Translation：我们生活在一个可以便捷地与世界其它地方交流的时代。RemotedistanceintimeandspaceEg:我们可以通过望远镜看到遥远的星星。notrelevanttoEg:Yourcommentsareratherremotefromthesubjectswearediscussing.IusesunscreenwheneverthereisevenaremotepossibilitythatIwillbeinthesun.2.Asformobilephones---theclickingoftextmessagingatanyhourofthedayornighthasbecomefamiliartousall.Everyone,itseems,providedofcourse,theycanaffordtodoso,needneverbeoutoftouch.Conj.if,supposingEg:如果他有一个具体的计划，其他的银行才会非常渴望提供帮助。Translation：至于手机，不管是白天还是晚上，我们都能听到手机收发短信的提示音，似乎只要能支付手机的费用我们就能够随时随地地找到任何一个人。significantlyadv.ofnoticeableimportance,effectorinfluenceEg:警察释放了他，但是更重要的是归还了他的护照。…release…Derivation：significantadj.significancen.conference•meeting•Forum•Seminar•Symposium•Summit•session会议论坛研讨会专题报告峰会一届会期regardlessof•withouttakingaccountoforworryingabout•Eg:ChineseDamaboughtthegoldregardlessofthecost.•土豪：countrybaron，newlyrich，upstart•provincialtycoon•尽管我们的提议有很有有点，但是他都拒绝了。•…rejectalltheproposals…merits.•3.Sowhy,youmaywonder,wouldanyonehavemisgivingsaboutallthesewonderfuldevelopments,andwhydoestheriseofEnglishasagloballanguagecausefeelingsofuneasinessforsomeofus?•Translation:•因此，你也许会问，为什么有人会对这些美好的发展顾虑重重，而英语成为世界性语言会让有些人惴惴不安？•4.Mostfundamentalistheprofoundrelationshipbetweenlanguageandculturethatliesattheheartofsocietyandonethatweoverlookatourperil.•paraphrase:•Translation:•最根本的一点是，语言和文化之间密不可分的深厚关系，忽视它必然会造成危险.•adropintheocean/aneedleinthehay•tolaughone’sheadoff•toshedcrocodiletears•tospendmoneylikewater•tobebornwithasilverspooninone’smouth•Differentculturesarenotsimplygroupsofpeoplewholabeltheworlddifferently;languagegivesthemeanstoshapeourviewsoftheworldandlanguagesaredifferentfromoneanother.•Paraphrase:•…notonly…attach…havegreatinfluenceonforming…•Translation:shape•havegreatinfluenceon;determinethenature•Eg:Likeitornot,ourfamiliesshapeourlivesandmakeuswhatweare.•…塑造我们的生活铸就我们的个性。•他对生活的态度部分是受早年经历的影响•…wereshapedpartlybyearlyexperience.involve•engageasaparticipant•collocation:involvesb.insth/doing•Eg:ElsaandIdoeverythingtogether,sheinvolvesmeineverything.•Translation：不要将我卷入你们家的私事中去！•…familyaffairs.longing•n.yearning,eagerness,craving,desire•Collocation:longingfor…•longingtodo…•Eg:她怎么也打消不掉重返家园的念头。•Nothingcoulddispelherlongingto…•adj.eager,desired•Eg:因为在节食，她只能眼巴巴的看了那冰欺凌一眼。•…gavealonginglookat…HavingadiscussionWeareallawarethatthelearningofaforeignlanguageinvolvesthelearningofanewculture.NoworganizeyourselvesintogroupsoffiveorsixanddiscusshowcultureshouldbetaughtinourEnglishclassesinordertohelpstudentslearnthelanguage…•Ithinkwecanteachculturalknowledgethroughwordsandtermswithrichculturalconnotations.Forexample,both“dragon”and“龙”standforanimaginaryanimalbuthaveverydifferentconnotationsinthetwolanguages.•Ithinkwecanteachculturalknowledgethroughsentences.Forexample,studentsmayfinditdifficulttounderstandthesentence“tobringtheyounglambstothefold”…•Ithinkwecanteachculturalknowledgethroughtexts.Forexample,whenteachingHollywood,theteachermayexplaintostudents