虚拟语气

SubjunctiveMoodTolearnmoreaboutthesubjunctivemoodanduseitproperly.Wemetinthisroom.DocometothemeetingnextFriday.IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyhard.陈述语气祈使语气虚拟语气英语动词有三种语气：陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气。用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生或可能性很小的情况，而是一种愿望、建议、假设。虚拟语气定义IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyhard.if的条件从句分为两类：一类为真实条件句，用陈述语气；一类为非真实条件句，用虚拟语气。也叫虚拟条件句。表示假设的或不可能实现的情况。What’sthedifference?IfIamfree,Iwillvisityou.IfIwereabird,Iwouldflyintothesky.虚拟条件句真实条件句afactawish陈述语气虚拟语气Comparethedifference.IfIhavetimetomorrow,Iwillgowithyou.IfIwereagirl,Iwouldbuyadress.IfIwereaboy,Iwouldjointhearmy.IfIgetmoreinformation,Iwilltellyouimmediately.afactawishafactawish陈述语气虚拟语气陈述语气虚拟语气1.if条件状语从句的虚拟语气：1)与现在事实相反：If主语…,主语+dodid（were）wouldshouldcouldmight2)与过去事实相反：If主语,主语+3)与将来事实相反：If主语…,主语+doshouldwouldcouldmightdid(过去式)weretodoshoulddohaddoneshouldwouldcouldmighthavedone比较：IfIhavetimetomorrow,Iwillgowithyou.IfItimenow,Iwithyou.（have,go）IfItimelastnight,Iwithyou.（have,go）IfItimetomorrow,Iwithyou.（have,go）真实条件句，用陈述语气非真实条件句，用虚拟语气hadwouldgohadhadwouldhavegonewouldgohadweretohaveshouldhave【拓展】特殊的虚拟条件句1.错综时间虚拟条件句：虚拟条件句从句谓语和主句谓语表示的动作在时间上并不一致。谓语动词时态原则上，从句时态采用对应时间的虚拟语气的从句的时态，主句时态采用对应时间的虚拟语气的主句的时态。如：Ifyou(take)myadvice,you(notbe)insuchtroublenow.虚拟过去虚拟现在hadtakenwouldn’tbe2.含蓄条件句：虚拟的条件有时可以不用条件从句来表示，而是用含蓄虚拟条件的词或短语来表示：otherwise,without,butfor(要不是)等。如：Weweredelayedattheairport.Otherwisewe（be）herebylunchtime.=Ifwehadn’tbeendelayedattheairportwouldhavebeenWithoutmyadvice,he(fail).=IfIhadn’tgivenhimmyadvice,……Butfortherain,we(have)aniceholiday.=Ifithadn’trained,……wouldhavefailedwouldhavehad1.Wish的宾语从句did(were)haddonewould/could/mightdo(should)1.IwishI(be)abird.2.IwishI(notmake)suchamistake.3.Wewishourparents(notpunish)us.2.wishwere虚拟现在虚拟过去虚拟将来hadn’tmadewouldn’tpunishAsif/though4.HetreatsmeasifI(be)astranger.5.ShetalkedaboutRomeasthoughshe(be)thereherself.werehadbeen3.wouldrather(that)现在、将来过去Iwouldratheryou（pay）menow.Iwouldratheryou(go)thatday,too.Iwouldratheryou(come)tomorrow.didhaddonepaidhadgonecameIfonlyIfonlythey(come)toseemetomorrow.IfonlyI(go)bytaxi,thenIcouldhavecaughtthetrain.camehadgonea.Wespecificallyrequestedthatyou(should)beinformed.b.Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)waitawhilebeforewemakeanyfirmdecisions.c.Hegaveordersthatthework(should)bestartedimmediately.d.Itwasproposedthatthepresident(should)beelectedforaperiodoftwoyears.4.在表示建议、命令、请求、愿望的名词性从句中,谓语用（should）+do。宾语从句表语从句同位语从句主语从句insist1.WesuggestedthatTom（have）arest.3.Heinsistedthatshe(be)anhonestgirl.2.Hispalefacesuggeststhathe(be)ill.(should)havesuggest坚持说陈述语气坚决要求虚拟语气建议虚拟语气暗示、表明陈述语气iswas4.Heinsistedthatwe(tell)herthetruth.(should)tell5.It’s(about/high)time+(that)…e.g.你该走了。It’stimethatyou(go).(should不能省)should+dodidwentshouldgo6.It’snecessary/strange/natural/important/apity+that(should)do1.Itisimportantthatwe(should)masteraforeignlanguage.2.Itisstrangethatsherefusetocometotheparty.3.It’snecessarythatweshouldstudyhard.Subjectivemood错综时间条件句(各自为准)were,had,should提前,省略if1.一坚持，二命令，三建议，四要求。2.Itis（necessary,apity…）+thatsb.(should)do1.wish/asif2.Wouldrather/ifonly3.Itis(high/about)timethat…4.Butfor/otherwise/without/inthatcase1.did(were)现2.haddone过3.could/would/might+do(should)将1.did现、将2.haddone过should（不省）+dodid1.would,could,should,might+do2.would,couldshould,mightinsist坚持说，坚决要求suggest暗示，建议1.did现2.haddone过3.wereto/did/should将If型should+do型其他类型×+havedone过现、将1.Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey__________(drive)afewmorekilometers.(2018北京)2.Ifwe___________(catch)theflightyesterday,wewouldbeenjoyingourholidayonthebeach.(2018天津)3.Thereisagoodsociallifeinthevillage,andIwish___________(have)asecondchancetobecomemoreinvolved.(2018江苏)haddrivenhadcaughtwouldhave4.Ifthenewsafetysystem___________(put)touse,theaccidentwouldneverhavehappened.（北京2017）5.—DoyouhaveBetty'sphonenumber?—Yes.Otherwise,I________(notbe)abletoreachheryesterday.（天津2017）6.________(be)itnotforthesupportoftheteachers,thestudentcouldnotovercomeherdifficulty.（江苏2017）hadbeenputwouldnothavebeenWere1.ReviewtheSubjectiveMood.2.FinishExercises2,3,4onpage13.Thankyou!