2015届高考英语二轮专题复习与测试 第一篇 第二章 语法填空 第一节 专题一 限定词课件

第二章语法填空第一节纯填空题的解题技巧专题一限定词限定词包括冠词和代词。冠词有三个：a，an，the。广东高考中常考的英语代词有人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、不定代词、相互代词六种。1．人称代词。人称代词有主格和宾格之分。主格有I，you，he，she，it，we，they，通常用作主语；宾格有me，you，him，her，it，us，them，常用作宾语或表语。一、基础知识2．物主代词。物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之分。前者有my，your，his，her，its，our，your，their；后者有mine，yours，his，hers，its，ours，theirs。(1)形容词性物主代词可用作定语。(2)名词性物主代词可用作主语、宾语或表语。注意：物主代词不可与a，an，this，that，these，those，some，any，several，no，each，every，such，another，which等词一起前置修饰一个名词，必须用双重所有格，如：afriendofmine，aphotoofmyfamily's。3．指示代词。指示代词包括this，that，these，those以及it，such，same等词，在句中通常用作主语、宾语、表语或定语。4．反身代词。反身代词可用作宾语、表语、主语的同位语或宾语的同位语。其构成如下：(1)第一、二人称反身代词由形容词性物主代词加self/selves构成，如I—myself，we—ourselves，you—yourself(复数yourselves)。(2)第三人称反身代词由人称代词宾格加self/-selves构成，如she—herself，he—himself，it—itself，they—themselves，one—oneself。注意：反身代词不能单独用作主语。5．不定代词。不定代词是指没有明确指定代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词，如all，any，another，both，each，every，either，few，little，many，much，no，none，neither，one，other，some以及由some，any，no，every和body，one，thing构成的复合词。6．it的特殊用法。(1)it可指代天气、时间、季节、距离、环境、情况等。(2)it可代替不定式、Ving形式或在从句中作形式主语或形式宾语，以保持句子的平衡。(3)it可构成强调句型“itis/was＋强调部分＋that＋其他部分”，其中it无实义。技巧一、文中句子如果缺主语或宾语，则断定要填代词或名词(多为代词)例1Behindhimwereotherpeopletowhomhewastryingtotalk，butaftersomeminutes________walkedawayandsatnearme，lookingannoyed.二、解题技巧but前后是两个并列句，很明显后面的句子缺主语。根据上下文逻辑，此处需要用人称代词they指代前面的otherpeople。很多学生没能准确判断出此处所需代词的指代对象，误填了代词he。解析：答案：they例2“Sir，thewaterwasawful.Whydidyoupretendtolike________？”根据句子结构判断like后缺少宾语。由上文“thewaterwasawful”可知是问为什么假装喜欢水，水为不可数名词，故由代词it代替。解析：答案：itthe特指最后的那一排；另外一个判断方法是在序数词前用定冠词。解析：答案：the技巧二、如果名词前是空格，且该名词前无限定词，则考虑该空是否需要填冠词(a，an，the)或不定代词(some，any，other，another，either，neither，less，more，little，few，many，much)等限定词例1Butshequicklyrealizedthatitwasn'ther，itwasprobablythefactthatshesatin________lastrow.例2Wehad________amazingconversation.名词前没有限定词，此处conversation是第一次出现，且为可数名词，又因amazing是以元音音素开头，因此填不定冠词an。解析：答案：an名词student前面没有限定词，很可能填限定词，由句意“在这个学生走后，这个老师就让(他诸多学生中的)另一个学生尝尝这种水”，泛指三个或三个以上中的“另一个”，用another。解析：答案：another例3Afterthestudentleft，theteacherlet________studenttastethewater.Hespititout，sayingitwasawful.技巧三、反身代词表示“某某亲自”“某某自己”的意思空格在主语后，句中不缺其他成分或者空格在动词后，句中不涉及其他人或物时，考虑用反身代词。此外，必须牢记常用的含反身代词的词组。如enjoyoneself，teachoneself，dosth.byoneself等。例1Butit'satiringjob.Ihavetoworkwhenevertherearedogsathome，andnotimetoenjoy________．enjoyoneself是固定搭配，句子主语是“I”，故此处填入myself。解析：答案：myself例2HeWeiwon'tallow________muchfreedomthissummervacation，devotinghertimetolookingforalanguageschooltolearnFrench.空格在动词allow后，句中没有涉及其他人或物，用反身代词herself。解析：答案：herself(一)阅读下列文段，用适当的限定词(冠词、代词)填空。1．Tocompensatefor________unpleasantexperiencesinhospital，themandrankalittlemorethanwasgoodfor________．Intheprocess，heenjoyed________thoroughlyandkepttelling__________________howmuchhehatedhospitals.2．________trampmayhunt，beg，orstealoccasionallytokeep________alive，hemayevenintimesofrealneed，doalittlework，buthewillneversacrifice________freedom.即学即练hishimhimselfeveryone/everybodyAhimselfhis3．ThedailyexerciseslastedonlyelevenminutesandIproposedtodo________earlyinthemorningbefore__________hadgotup.Theself-disciplinerequiredtodrag________outofbedelevenminutesearlierthanusual.4．Lastweek，________UnitedNationsreportsaidtheworldpopulationisincreasingat__________amazingspeed，________globalwarmingisbecomingseriousandthat________worldcanexpecttofeeltheeffectsforcenturiestocome.themeveryonemyselfananthethe(二)阅读下列短文，用适当的限定词填空。Somesaythatmadnessandgenius(天才)oftencomehandinhand.1.________isespeciallytrueoftheDutchpainterVincentVanGogh.VanGoghisfamousfor2.________amazinguseofcolorandshape.Bornin1853，3.________waspaintingatatimewhenartwaschanging.Forcenturiestraditionalartistshadtriedtomake4.________paintingslookreallikephotographs.ButinVanGogh'stimeartbecameIthishetheirmoreabouttheartist'sownideas.IfyouseeaVanGoghpainting，itmaynotlookliketherealworldbut5.________certainlyconveysmoreabouthisartisticidea.SomeofVanGogh'smostfamouspaintingsareofnaturalscenesandflowers，suchassunflowers.Healsopaintedmanywonderfulself-portraits(自画像)，whichbrought6.________alotoffame.VanGoghhad7.________greatgiftforpainting；however，hewasatroubledman.Atonepoint，hecutoff8.________ownear.ithimahisVanGoghisnowoneoftheworld'smostfamousartists.Buthediedattheageof37，aloneandpoor.Almost9.______________kneworcaredabouthisartat10.________time.Althoughhewasagreatgenius，hesufferedgreatly.Somesaythathismadnesswaswhathepaidforhisart.nobody/noonethat