大学英语第二版-1-4-部分短文及翻译

TheGenerationGapatWorkAsofficesgo,theeditorialsuitesatTimeInc.areprettylaidback.T-shirtsarefine.Shaveifyoulike.Slides,sneakersorheels-yourchoice.Yetthere'salimittowhatpassesforacceptableappearance,andIwassurearecentbunchofcollegeinternshadbreacheditspectacularlywiththeirnoserings,tattoosandlow-risepants.Thesewerebright,ambitiouskids.Whytheblatantshowofdisrespect?Myyoungercolleagueswonderedtoo.Buttheyweremoreamusedthanaghast,anditoccurredtomethatthereisawideninggenerationgapwhenitcomestointerpretingcasualFridays.Andthat'snotall:Youngfolksareputtingtheirstampontheworkplaceinwaysfarmorereachingthantheirwardrobe.Andweboomersdon'tnecessarilylikeit.We'reallpartofanew-ageexperiment:fourgenerationsworkingsidebysideyetoftenspeakingadifferentlanguage.Thinkthat'sanexaggeration?Goahead.Trytodecipherthistwentysomethingtextmessage:WUCMIWthatwasCLMormaybeCS.(What'sup?CorrectmeifI'mwrong.Thatwasacareer-limitingmoveormaybecareersuicide.)Boomers,theoldersilentgeneration,andyoungeronesknownasXandYbringvastlydifferenthistories,valuesandworkhabitstothejob.Thesegapshaveledtostereotypesthathinderourabilitytogetthingsdone.Nearly60percentofHRmanagersatlargecompaniessaythey'veobservedofficeconflictsthatflowfromgenerationaldifferences,accordingtotheSocietyforHumanResourceManagement.Tensionstypicallystemfromperceptionsofloyaltyandrespect-asin,wethinkthekidsdon'thaveany.Yetthelatestresearchshowsthatwemaybecompatibleafterall.Debunkingsomekeymythsmayhelpyougetpastthetattoosandbellybuttonsinyouroffice.MythNo.1:YoungworkerslovechangeIt'scommonlythoughtthatyoungpeopleembracechangeasenthusiasticallyasolderworkersresistit.Notso.Inastudyof3,200workers,only12acrossthegenerationssaidtheylikedchangeattheoffice,reportstheCenterforCreativeLeadership.Resistancetochangeisn'taboutage,it'sabouthowmuchyoustandtogainorlose,saystheCenter'sJenniferDeal,authorofRetiringtheGenerationGap:HowEmployeesYoungandOldCanFindCommonGround.Ingeneral,olderworkershavemoretolose.Butmanyyoungerworkershaveidenticalanxieties.Don'tmakeassumptionsbasedonage,saysDeal.Askyouryoungcolleagueshowashiftwouldchangetheirlife.Ifit'sforthebetter,canyoublamethemforlovingit?Butitmightbeasupsettingtothemasitistoyou-anditcouldbeabondingmoment.MythNo.2:GenX-andY-erslackastrongworkethic(职业道德)Nottrue.Butcomingofageunderverydifferentcircumstanceshasaffectedourworkstyles.Boomershadtoscrapeandclawforjobsandworklonghourstokeepthemandgetaheadbecausethereweresomanyofus.Competitionwaskeen.Workbecamecentraltoouridentities,andwithtwo-earnerhouseholds,wedidmuchofoursocializinginprofessionalcircles.ButGenXismuchsmallerandhasneverknownjobscarcity.Theycandemandmoreormoveon.They'veseentheirparentsgetdownsized,seemingvictimsofcompanyloyalty,andwatchedthemstraintojugglecareerandfamily.Thatdifferenthistoryhasledtomarkeddifferencesinhowwework.Youngergenerationsarewillingtomoveeverytwoorthreeyearstogetthejobexperienceandwork-lifebalancetheywant.Askthemtocomeintotheofficeovertheweekendandtheyareapttoresist.Theirtimeoffistheirtimeoff,saysGaryWesterman,aformeremploymentconsultant.Yetthatdoesn'tmeantheywon'tgetthejobdone.Iftheymust,they'llworkfromthebeachontheirlaptop.Andthey'remoreapttocomeinpromptlyandeschewthewater-coolerchatssopopularamongboomers.Theyfocus,finishandleave.Boomersneedtoappreciatethesestyledifferences.Lookattheresults,nottheprocess.MythNo.3:TheydisrespecteldersThisgetsbacktothedressissue.Whenboomersenteredtheworkforce,tattoosandbodypiercingswereforbikersandlowlifes.YetGenXandGenYseetheseexpressions(intastefullymodestdoses)asnormal,evenalluring-notawaytothumbtheirnoseatauthority.Thequestionofrespectgoesbeyondadresscode.Boomersgotaheadbydoingwhattheyweretoldandexpectyoungerworkerstosimilarlyfallinline.Butwiththeirleverageintheworkplace,twenty-andthirtysomethingsdon'thavetotakewhatyousayonfaith.Theywanttoknowwhythey'rebeingaskedtoperformatask.Thisisn'tdisrespect.Theyhavemoreoptionsthanyoudidatthatage.Butifyouareclearinwhatyouexpectandexplainthereasonsbehindaparticularassignment,they'llrespond.MythNo.4:YoungerworkersprefertogoitaloneBoomersliketocallameeting,saysRobertWendover,managingdirectorfortheCenterforGenerationalStudies.X-erswouldrathere-mailortext.Butwhileyoungerworkersaremoreacceptingoftechnology,correspondingviatextmessageandpreferringtocommunicateonlineinsteadofinameetinghardlyqualifiesasgoingitalone.Allgenerationsvalueworkingwithcapablecolleaguesdespiteage,saysDealoftheCenterforCreativeLeadership.Boomersaccustomedtofacetimemaymisreadyoungworkers'preferencefortechtimeasisolationist（孤立主义者）.It'sanythingbut-ifyouknowhowtousethetools.Solearnthem.Andthengivethekidachance.Soonyouwon'tevennoticethesilverstudinhertongue.在工作中的代沟作为办公室，在时代公司的编辑套房都相当悠闲。T恤是好的。刮胡子，如果你喜欢。幻灯片，运动鞋或高跟鞋-你的选择。然而，有一个可接受的外观传递的限制，我相信最近的大专实习生一堆违反了与他们的鼻环，纹身和低层裤子壮观。这是光明的，雄心勃勃的孩子。为什么公然不敬的节目？太想我年轻的同事。但他们比骇然逗乐了，它发生在我身上是有代沟的扩大，当它来解释休闲星期五。而这还不是全部：年轻的人来说，把他们的邮票，远远超过他们的衣柜深远的方式在工作场所。我们潮不一定喜欢它。我们都是一个新时代的实验部分：四代并肩工作，还经常讲不同的语言。认为这是一种夸张吗？来吧。尝试破译这七字短信：吴CMIWCLM的或可能政务司司长。（什么事？纠正我，如果我错了。这是职业生涯限制移动或者职业生涯自杀。）潮，旧的“沉默”的一代，年轻的称为X和Y的工作带来很大的不同的历史，价值观念和工作习惯