高二学考复习动词时态-语态

高二英语学考复习---动词的时态语态学考考查的八种动词时态是：①一般现在时；②一般过去时；③一般将来时；④现在进行时；⑤过去进行时；⑥现在完成时；⑦过去完成时；⑧过去将来时。一、一般现在时标志词:always,usually,often,sometimes,never,everyday/week/month/year/…用法：1.现在经常性的动作或状态Theboyusually_____toschoolearly.(get)2.客观事实和真理。Thesun_______intheeast.(rise)HesaidLight__________fasterthansound.(travel)3.时间，条件状语从句中：一般现在时代替一般将来时Ifit________finetomorrow,wewilldosomewashing.Whenhe_______,Iwilltellhimaboutit.Theharderyou__________,thegreaterprogressyou’llmake.4.按时刻表进行的动作：一般现在时代替一般将来时Mybusleavesat5p.m.Thenexttrain________at3o’clockthisafternoon.二、一般过去时标志词：…ago,last…,in1990,inthepast,justnow，用法：1.过去发生的动作或状态I_________tobeoutwhenyoucalledmelastnight.(happen)2.Itistimethatsb.didsth.“该……了”Itistimeyou_______tobed.3.无时间状语①Ididn’tknowit_____you.(be)②Ithinkmymotherwillbuymeacamerathisyear.Ineverthoughtyou____________________meagift.③---Nancyisnotcomingtonight.---Butshe______________.(promise)三、一般将来时1.begoingto①预先计划，安排There______________________twomeetingstomorrowafternoon.(be)②客观事物，现象可能要发生Lookatthedarkclouds,itisgoingtorain.2.will/shalldoshall用于第一人称。will在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。①Whichparagraph_________Ireadfirst？我先读哪一段呢？②______youbeathomeatseventhisevening?3.betodo①计划，安排Sheistogetmarriednextyear.I___________________________tomorrow.（踢足球）②表指令，相当于shouldYouaretotakethemedicinetwiceaday.4.beabouttodo…表示“马上,就要做某事”,后面不能接时间状语HeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.他马上要去北京。5.短暂性动词的进行时代替一般将来时,如start,begin,come,go,leave,fly,arrive,stay,finish,return,take①Thecatisdying.②--When___you___forLondon?--Nextweek.A.will;leavingB.are;leavingC.shall;leaveD.have;left四、现在进行时标志词：now,atpresent,Look!Listen!用法：1.说话时正在进行的动作①.Look!What___thechildren___overthere?A.are;doB.are;doingC.is;doD.isdoing②.--Mike,who____footballintheyard?--Letmegoandsee.A.hasplayedB.willplayC.wasplayingD.isplaying2.现阶段正在进行的动作（说话时未必正在进行）：①Thoseworkers____herethesemonths.A.areworkB.areworkedC.workD.areworking②.--How__you___alongwithyourworkmates?--Verywell.A.do;getB.will;getC.can;getD.are;getting3.bealwaysdoing表示说话人较强烈的感情色彩:厌恶,赞扬,责备等①Theboy____always____us!(夸赞)A.is;helpingB.does;helpC.can;helpD./;help②You____always_____thesamemistake!(责备)A.do;makeB.does;makeC.is;makingD.are;making五、过去进行时标志词：atthattime,thistimeyesterday,then,when…用法：①过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或某一阶段内发生或频繁发生。I___________________(fly)kitesatthistimeofyesterday.②某一动作发生时另一动作正在发生，其中一个是由when或while引导的时间状语从句。was/weredoing…when…正在干…这时…She_____________(do)herhomeworkwhilehermotherwascookinginthekitchen.We____________________(watch)TVwhenthepowerwentoff.注意：有些动词不能用于进行时①表存在的状态的动词：appear,exist,remain,seem，belongto,②感官动词：taste/smell/sound/look/feel/notice③表示心理情感的词：love/like/hate/prefer/believe/wish④一时性动作：accept/admit/decide/promise六、过去将来时结构：woulddo;shoulddo;was/were/goingtodo;was/wereabouttodo…when…用法：从过去看将要发生的动作。多用于宾语从句中。1.Iwasn’tsurewhetherhe_____________it.2.Shepromisedshe______________,butshehaven’tarrivedyet.3.Iwasabouttogoout________thephonerang.4.I________________(leave)whenitrained.5.I_________________(see)youyesterday.ButIhadanunexpectedguest.七、现在完成时标志词：inthepast3years,in/over/duringthelast/pastfewweeks/months,for+时间段;since…;sincethen;sofar;uptonow;bynow;recently;lately;already;It/This/Thatisthefirsttimethat﹢现在完成时①Itisthethirdtimethatyou_________________latethisweek.区别：Itistimethatwe___________________.(努力学习)该是做某事的时候了②TomhasworkedinChinasincehegraduatedfromcollege.TomhasworkedinChinasincetenyearsago.Tomgraduatedfromcollegein2001,andhehasworkedinChinasincethen.③It____threeyearssinceTomleftChina.④Greatchanges________________________inChinaoverthepasttenyears.用法：1.时间，条件状语从句：现在完成时代替一般将来时①IwillcallyouthemomentIhavearrivedthere.IwillcallyouthemomentIarrivethere.②Don’tgetoffthebusassoonasit______________.2.延续性动词﹢段时间①Iborrowedthebooklastweek.Howlonghaveyou_______thebook?②KategotmarriedtoJohntwoyearsago.Kate___________________________Johnfortwoyears.③JackfellinlovewithAlicefiveyearsago.Jack__________________________Aliceforfiveyears.④Theoldman_________tenyearsago.Theoldmanhasbeendeadfortenyears.⑤Thefilm_________fiveminutesago.Thefilmhasbeenonforfiveminutes.注意：瞬间动词和延续性动词转换关系如下：begin/startbeongotherebethereleavebeawaygethomebehomediebedeadopenbeopenjoinbein/beamemberofclosebeclosedgettoknowknowgetmarriedbemarriedborrowkeepcomeherebeherebuyhave八、过去完成时用法：发生在过去的过去的动作。(过去完成时是一种相对存在的时态，判定时必须根据上下文找到一个可以作为参照点的过去时间，在此参照点前发生的动作都可以用过去完成时。)Theyhadgotmarriedwhenhecameback.1.过去完成时＋before/bythetime/by/when＋一般过去时Thetrain_____________bythetimewereachedthestation.Thefilm______________whenIgotthere.Thefilm__________________for5minuteswhenIgotthere.2.过去完成时+bytheendof+过去时间I______________3000Englishwordsbytheendof________________.3.Itwasthefirst/second…timethat…(过去完成时)Itwasthethirdtimethatherbicyle_______________________.规律方法1．试题的立意由简单直接的“结构立意”（如状语从句、宾语从句等）转向了“情景立意”。试题创设的语境明确，交际情景（对话形式占有一定比例）多是发生在学生学习或日常生活中的真实情况。这样的情景设置实质上是对语法知识、语义理解和语言交际能力的综合考查，体现了高考试题由“知识立意”向“能力立意”转变人命题原则。2．题干中的有效信息由“外显的”转向“隐藏的”。3．试题的设问多以中学生普遍感到难以把握的几组时态来相互干扰。命题趋势毫无疑问，对于动词时态的考查仍交进高考的测试重点。试题将继续呈现“情景立意”和“能力立意”的原则，即在考查固定句式中的时态和语态的同时，注重在上下文中考查时态和语态，注重在语境中考查时态和语态。突破方法1．学习动词的时态和语态时，切不可脱离实际运用的语言，一味死记硬背语法规则的条条框框。了解了八种时态