Emmeline-Pankhurst双语

EmmelinePankhurst(北东东向Goulden1858年,14、15-1928年7月到6月14日)是一名英语politicalactivist政治活动家andleaderoftheBritish和领导的英国人suffragette女权运动者movement,whichhelpedwomenwinthe运动,它帮助妇女赢得了righttovote选举权.。In1999,在1999年,Time时间namedPankhurstasoneofthe作为一种名叫Pankhurst100MostImportantPeopleofthe20thCentury100个最重要的人的20世纪,stating:sheshapedanideaofwomenforourtime;sheshooksocietyintoanewpatternfromwhichtherecouldbenogoingback.形状,说明一个想法:“她的女性,她摇了为我们时代社会进入了一个新的模式,而且从可能没有回头路可走了”。[11]Althoughshewaswidelycriticizedforhermilitanttactics,herworkisrecognizedasacrucialelementinachievingwomen'ssuffrageinBritain.虽然她在她的激进策略饱受批评,但她的作品被公认为一个重要的元素在实现妇女参政权在英国。However,historiansdisagreeabouttheeffectofheractivityonpublicsupportforthecause.但是,历史学家们不同意她的活动的影响,在公共支持的原因。[22][33]BornEmmelineGouldenandraisedinGoulden出生并成长在EmmelineManchester曼彻斯特,Englandbypoliticallyactiveparents,Pankhurstwasintroducedattheageof8tothewomen'ssuffragemovement.英国政治活跃,介绍了父母,Pankhurst八岁的时候到妇女选举权的运动。Althoughherparentsencouragedhertoprepareherselfforlifeasawifeandmother,sheattendedtheÉcoleNormaledeNeuillyinParis.虽然她的父母鼓励她好好准备自己的生命作为妻子和母亲,她参加了法国高等师范德Neuilly构建在巴黎。In1878shemarried1878年她嫁给了RichardPankhurst理查德Pankhurst,a,barrister律师knownforsupportingwomen'srighttovote;theyhadfivechildrenoverthenexttenyears.以支持妇女选举权;他们有5个孩子在未来的十年。Healsosupportedheractivitiesoutsidethehome,andshequicklybecameinvolvedwiththe他同时也支持了她在家庭之外,活动,她很快就开始从事有关Women'sFranchiseLeague女人的特许经营联赛,whichadvocatedsuffrageforwomen.提倡妇女选举权,而为。Whenthatorganizationbrokeapart,sheattemptedtojointheleft-leaning当那个组织的解体了,她尝试加入左倾IndependentLabourParty独立工党throughherfriendshipwithsocialist通过她的友谊与社会主义KeirHardieKeirHardie,butwasinitiallyrefusedmembershipbythelocalbranchofthePartyonaccountofhergender.最初是拒绝,但由当地的分支机构会员党因她的性别。Shealsoworkedasa她还担任过PoorLawGuardian可怜的法律监护人,whereshewasshockedbyharshconditionsinManchester她感到震惊,在恶劣的条件下在曼彻斯特workhouses阳光.Afterherhusbanddiedin1898,Pankhurstfoundedthe她丈夫去世后,Pankhurst1898年成立了Women'sSocialandPoliticalUnion妇女社会政治联盟(WSPU),anall-womensuffrageadvocacyorganisationdedicatedtodeeds,notwords.(WSPU选举权),这是一个致力于倡导组织浩”行动,而不是言辞”。[44]Thegroupplaceditselfseparatelyfrom–andofteninoppositionto–politicalparties.方法分别从该集团放置本身——经常在反对-政党。Thegroupquicklybecameinfamouswhenitsmemberssmashedwindowsandassaulted该集团很快就成了声名狼藉的时候它的成员砸玻璃和攻击policeofficers警察.。Pankhurst,herdaughters,andotherWSPUactivistsweresentencedtorepeatedprisonsentences,wheretheystagedhungerstrikestosecurebetterconditions.Pankhurst,她的众女儿,和其他WSPU份子被判监禁,在那里他们重复上演了绝食以确保更好的工作条件。AsPankhurst'soldestdaughter作为Pankhurst的大女儿Christabel《忽必烈tookthehelmoftheWSPU,开始掌管高盛WSPU,antagonism对抗betweenthegroupandthegovernmentgrew.该组织与政府之间有所增长。EventuallyarsonbecameacommontacticamongWSPUmembers,andmoremoderateorganisationsspokeoutagainstthePankhurstfamily.最终纵火成为一种常见的战术,并在WSPU更为温和的组织成员对Pankhurst说出了家庭。In1913severalprominentindividualslefttheWSPU,amongthemPankhurst'sdaughters1913年离开了WSPU几名杰出的个人,其中Pankhurst的女儿AdelaAdelaand和Sylvia西尔维亚.。Thefamilyriftwasneverhealed.家庭不和从来没有痊愈。WiththeadventoftheFirstWorldWar,EmmelineandChristabelcalledanimmediatehalttomilitantsuffrageactivisminordertosupportthe随着人口老龄化的第一次世界大战期间,Emmeline和《忽必烈称为立即停止激进普选激进主义为了支持Britishgovernment英国政府againsttheGermanPeril.对“德国的危机。[55]Theyurgedwomentoaidindustrialproduction,andencouragedyoungmentofight.他们敦促女性援助工业生产,以及鼓励年轻人继续战斗。In1918the在1918年的RepresentationofthePeopleAct人们行为的表现grantedvotestowomenpasttheageof30.授予票对女人们过去30岁。PankhursttransformedtheWSPUmachineryintothePankhurst改变了这WSPU机械进了Women'sParty女人的聚会,whichwasdedicatedtopromotingwomen'sequalityinpubliclife.,这是致力于促进妇女的平等权利的公共生活。Inherlateryearsshebecameconcernedwithwhatsheperceivedasthemenaceposedby在她以后的几年里,她开始关注和她认为是威胁所造成的Bolshevism布尔什维克主义,and–unhappywiththepoliticalalternatives–joinedthe不满了,——政治选择——加入了ConservativeParty保守党.。Shediedin1928andwascommemoratedtwoyearslaterwithastatuein她死于1928年,两年后被纪念一座雕像VictoriaTowerGardens维多利亚塔花园inLondon.在伦敦。