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Unit3AHealthyLifeGrammar-theusageof“it”Itisnevertoooldtolearn.活到老,学到老。Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.覆水难收。Itiseasiertosaythantodo说起来容易做起来难Itisthefirststepthatcosts.万事开头难。Itishardtopleaseall.众口难调Ittakesthreegenerationstomakeagentleman.十年树木,百年树人。Itiseasytoopenashopbuthardtokeepitalwaysopen.创业容易守业难Itisbettertogivethantotake.施比受更有福。(2011.湖北高考.改编)Itwasnotuntilhewaitedfortwoyears___________________________bythemanager.直到他等了两年后,经理才同意他的计划。thathisplanwasapprovedof高考真题回顾1.用作人称代词,代替前面提到的事物或人,在句子中作主语或宾语。-Yourstoryisinteresting,butIdon'tlikeit.你的故事很有趣,但是我不喜欢。2.用于疑问句的答语中,代替指示代词(this,that)。-What'sthis?这是什么?-It'sapanda.是只熊猫。-Whoseexercisebookisthat?那是谁的练习本?-It'shers.是她的。3.当说话者不清楚或没必要知道说话对象的性别时,也可用it来表示。Whatabeautifulbaby!Isitaboy?多漂亮的宝宝啊!是个男孩吗?4.用作非人称代词,表示时间、日期、天气、温度、距离等,常用作句子的主语。-ItisSaturdaytoday.今天是星期六。-It'stwokilometersfromschooltomyhome.从我家到学校有两公里远。5.it用作形式主语5.1做形式主语代替主语从句1)Itis+adj.+that从句①Itisclear(obvious,true,possible,certain....)that.....“很清楚(显然,真的,肯定…)”-Itisveryclearthathe’sroundandtalllikeatree.②.Itisimportant(necessary,strange,natural自然的)that...that后的从句中要用虚拟语气(should)+动词原形。-Itisimportantthatwe(should)learnEnglishwell.2).Itis+v-ed+that从句①Itissaid(reported,believed,announced....)that...据说(据报道,据信,据报道...)-ItissaidthathehascometoBeijing.②.Itissuggested(ordered/demanded/insisted/commanded...)that...主句中的过去分词是表示请求,建议,命令等词时,that后的从句要用虚拟语气(should+动词原形),should可以省。常译为“据建议;有命令…”-Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.3).Itisapity(ashame...)that...真可惜/真令人羞愧…后常用(should+动词原形),should可省去.表示出乎意料,常译为“竟然”。表达惊讶或气愤的语气,如果不是表达一种语气则不用。-Itisapitythatsuchathing(should)happeninyourclass.-Itisapitythatheisill.4).Ithappens(seems,looks,appears)that...碰巧/看来…该句型中it是形式主语,that引导的是主语从句,主句中的happen,seem等词是不及物动词。Ithappened(sohappened)thathemethisteacherinthestreet.Itseemsthathewillbebackinafewdays.5.2.作形式主语替代不定式1).Ittakessb....todosth.做…要花费某人…-IttookthousandsofpeoplemanyyearstobuildtheGreatWall.2).Itiskind(ofsb.)todosth.某人做某事真…主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。常见的有:bad,brave,careless,clever,cruel,foolish,stupid,wisewrong等。这个句型可以改写为:sb.iskindtodosth.。-Itiskindofyoutosayso.=Youarekindtosayso.3).Itisnecessary(forsb.)todosth.对某人来说做某事…常见的形容词有:①important,necessary,natural,strange②easy,safe,common,normal,hard,difficult,dangerous,等。在①中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写,如:Itisimportantforhertocometotheparty.=Itisimportantthatshe(should)cometotheparty.Itisnogood(use)doingsth.做某事没有好处/没有用该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语。-ItisnogoodlearningEnglishwithoutspeakingEnglish.-It'suselesstryingtoarguewithShylock.5.3.作形式主语替代ing形式6.It作形式宾语.-Wethinkitimportanttolearnaforeignlanguage.it为形式宾语,为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为6123结构。6指主句中常用的动词:think,believe,make,find,consider,feel;1指的是形式宾语it;2指的是宾补的两种形式:形容词或名词;3指的是真正宾语的三种形式:不定式短语,动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。-Wethinkitourdutytocleanourclassroomeveryday.-HefeltitimportantlearningEnglishwell.-Theyfounditdifficultthattheywouldfinishtheirworkintwodays.♦It引导的几个易混的时间句型1.It’s(about/high)time(that)…2.It+is/was+thefirst(second…)time+that-clause3.Itwas/will(not)be+段时间(hours,days,years,etc)+before-clause4.Itis/hasbeen+段时间(years,days,weeks,months,etc.)+since-clause5.Itis/was+具体的时间点+when-clause1.It’s(about/high/right)time(that)…是时候…/到了…的时候了本结构中,time之后可接介词短语、动词不定式或that从句。特别注意:在从句中,谓语动词须用虚拟语气,即“should+动词原形”(should不能省)或用动词的过去式。e.g.It’s(about)timethatwewent/shouldgotobed.It’s(about)timeforustogotobed.2.It+is/was+thefirst(second…)time+that-clause这/那是第…次/天/月/年…本结构中,It也可用this,that等,其中序数词也可修饰day,month,year等名词。特别注意:前面是is,从句用现在完成时;前面是was,则从句用过去完成时。e.g.ItwasthesecondtimethatIhadvisitedtheGreatWalllastyear.Thisisthefourthtimethatshehasrungyoutoday.3.Itwas/will(not)be+段时间(hours,days,years,etc.)+before-clause要过…才…本结构中表示某一动作从现在起到将来某时刻之前发生的这一段时间的总和,也可表示某一动作从过去某时刻起直到另一过去时刻发生之前的若干时间。特别注意:1)主句部分用was,before从句用过去时。2)主句部分用willbe,则before从句用现在时。e.g.Itwillbetwoyearsbeforewemeetagain.ItwasalongtimebeforeIgottosleepagainlastnight.4.Itis/hasbeen+段时间(years,days,weeks,months,etc.)+since-clause本结构表示某一动作或状态从结束时起到现在或另一过去时间为止的若干时间。译为“自从…以来有…(时间)”特别注意:1)since从句用一般过去时。e.g.Itis/hasbeenfiveyearssinceIbegantolearnEnglish.2)在Itistimesince-clause中,since从句中不能否定式。e.g.正:Itis/hasbeenthreeyearssinceImetyouinLondonlast.误:It’stenyearssinceyoudidn’tcometoseeme.5.Itis/was+具体的时间点+when-clause本结构是定语从句句型,具体的时间点是先行词,关系副词when引导定语从句。译为“当…的时候是…(时间)”特别注意:1)主句部分用is,when从句用现在时。2)主句部分用was,when从句用一般过去时。e.g.Itis6o’clockwhenIgohomefromschooleveryday.Itwasfiveo’clockintheafternoonwhentheyclimbeduptothemountain.-Hisbossaskedhim________________(是在什么地方)thathehadanaccident.(where)whereitwas分析:强调句型的结构Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分Itis/wasnotuntil+被强调部分+that+其他部分Itis/wasnotAbutBthat/who+其他部分Itis/wasAratherthanBthat/who+其他部分Is/wasit+被强调部分+that/who+其他(一般疑问)特殊疑问词+is/wasit+that/who+其他(特殊疑问)考点二:强调句型1.Itdoesn’tmatterwhat/whether(if)...“…没关系”-Itdoesn'tmatterwhathesays.他说什么都没关系。2.Itappears/seems/happensthat...好像/似乎…-Itseemsthatheisalwayscorrect.他好像总是对的。-IthappenedthatIhadnomoneywithme.碰巧我当时没有带钱。3.Itisawasteoftime/moneydoingsth.It'sawasteoftimeyourtalkingtohim.你和他谈是浪费时间。4.(Itis)Nowonder(that)…难怪…It'snowonderheisnothungry;hehasbeeneatingsweetsallday.难怪他不饿,他整天在吃糖果。5.Itmakesno/muchdifference(to
本文标题:语法—it的用法
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