人教版八下unit10知识点及练习

第1页共4页八下Unit10Ihavehadthisbikeforthreeyears.课前检测一．根据汉语写出单词1.甜蜜的________2.记忆_________3.拥有，抓住_________4.软的________5.检查_________6.地位低下的_______7.清理________8.卧室_________9.拥有_________10.铁路________11.诚实的,老实的_________12.家乡________13.搜索________14.彩色粉（铅，蜡）笔________15.羞耻_______16.世纪________17.与…相对________18.尤其_________19.童年________20.注视，仔细考虑_________二．翻译下列词组1.以极大的兴趣关注着_________________2.迄今;到现在为止__________________3.不再……_____________________4.察看;观察______________________5.最后一样东西______________________6.初级中学_______________________7.清理________________8.放弃，交出______________9.说实在的___________________10.进行庭院拍卖___________________11.捐赠_______________________12.勾起甜美的回忆________________13.20世纪中期___________________14.保持原状______________________15.几乎，接近________________16.至于_________________17.玩一会儿____________________18.依某人看_________________19.需要____________________20.依据;按照_________________知识梳理一、重点句型、短语解析1.Wehavealreadyclearedoutalotofthingsfromourbedrooms.clearv.清理；清除clearout清理；丢掉2.Wehavedecidedtoeachsellfivethingsthatwenolongeruse.nolonger意为“不再；不复”，有时可用not…anylonger或not…anymore替换。e.g.Henolongerliveshere.(=Hedoesn’tlivehereanymore/anylonger.)3.We’vedecidedtoeachsellfivethingswenolongeruse.我们已经决定每人卖出去五件我们不用的东西。decidev决定→decisionn决定(1)decidetodosth=makeupone’smindtodosth决定做某事(2)makeadecision做决定=makeone’sdecision第2页共4页4.Amywantstokeepheroldthingsbecausetheybringbacksweetmemories.艾米想保留她的那些旧东西，因为它们能使她想起甜蜜的回忆。相关短语：keeparecord保持记录keepintouch(with)保持与……的联系keepup保持；使……不能入睡keepaway(from)离开keepinmind牢记keepone'sword遵守诺言keepsb/sthfromdoingsth阻止某人、物做某事5.Youcanalsogiveoldthingsawaytopeopleinneed.你也能捐赠旧东西给那些需要的人们。givesth.awaytosb.把某物捐赠给某人inneed需要6.I’vehadthismagazineforacoupleofmonths.我拥有这本杂志已经几个月了。acoupleof（1）几个；一些=afew后接可数名词复数（2）“一对”指夫妻、情侣7.Thestoriesinsidemaybeabitold,butthey’llstillinteresting.里面的故事或许有点老，但它们仍然很有趣。abit/alittle辨析：（1）abit和alittle在肯定句中,修饰动词、形容词、副词和比较级,一点儿。e.g.Thespeakerspokeupabit/alittlesoastomakehimselfheardmoreclearly.（2）alittle可以直接作定语修饰名词；abit修饰名词，需后面加of构成短语,两者都只能修饰不可数名词。e.g.Thereisalittle/abitoffoodleftforlunch.午饭只能吃剩下的一点食品了。（3）alittle=abit=kindof+形容词8.consider仔细考虑=thinkaboutconsiderdoingsth考虑做某事归纳记忆:后跟动名词的动词和短语：finish,practice,beworth,bebusy，consider,suggest,can’thelp,feellike，miss,beusedto,giveup，keepon,enjoy,mind,stand，endup9.Withahardjobinafactory,hedoesn’tfindmuchtimetovisithishometown.Heusedtoreturnhomeatleastonceayear,buthehasn’tbeenbackforalmostthreeyears.with为prep.，后跟名次、代词或动名词。without为反义词，“没有”。atleast至少usedtodo过去常常做……;be/getusedtodoing习惯于做……;beusedtodo被用来做……;beusedfor被用于……第3页共4页for+时间段，since+过去的时间状语（或一般过去时从句），sofar,threetimes,already,not…yet，in(during)thepast(last)fiveyears,upto(till)now等常用于现在完成时。与howlong,for,since连用时，瞬间动词变为延续性动词。二、语法讲解（非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换）1.延续性动词和非延续性动词的概念：英语中，动词按其动作发生的方式、动作发生过程的长短，可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。此类动词常见的如：do,learn,work,stand,lie,know,walk,keep,have,wait,watch,sing,dance,read,sleep,live,stay等。非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。此类动词常见的如marry,open,close,finish,begin,come,go,arrive,reach,getto,leave,move,borrow,buy等。2.非延续性动词表示的动作极其短暂，不能持续。因此，不可与表示一段时间的状语连用(只限肯定式)。3.常用非延续性动词和延续性动词之间的转换：1）转换为相应的延续性动词，用于现在完成时。borrow—keepbuy—haveputon—wearcatchacold—haveacoldgettoknow—knowgettosleep—sleep2）转化为“be+形容词/副词/介词/名词”begin/start—beongoout—beoutclose—beclosedopen—beopengetto/arrive/reach—be(in)marry---bemarrieddie—bedeadleave—beawayfinish—beoverfallsleep—beasleepjoin—bein/beamemberof巩固练习一、根据首字母及汉语提示，完成下列单词的拼写，使句意明确，语言通顺。1.Jackisanh_____________boy,sowealllikehimverymuch.2.Tomys_____________Ineverthankedhimforhiskindness.3.Welivefurtherdownontheo_____________sideoftheroad.第4页共4页4.Theyarec_____________goingtoHongKongforvacation.5.Ilovecolddrinks,e_____________insummer.6.Toomuchs_____________foodisbadforyourteeth.7.—Howmuchisthepencil?—Fiftyc_____________.8.Couldyougoandc_____________ifthebabyisasleep?9.HeisfromShanxiandhish_____________isTaiyuan.10.Shanghaiisthebiggesta_____________thesecities.11.Canthelittlegirlc_____________thenumbersfromonetoahundred?12.Weallr_____________ourEnglishteacherasourbestfriend.13.Wes_____________aroundforhours,butcouldn’tfindthebook.14.Wecancallahundredyearsac_____________.二、根据句意，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。1.Hismotherhashadthebread_____________(make)foraweek.2.YouandImustbe_____________(truth)witheachother.3.I_________(be)toBeijingseveraltimes,butIstillwant______(go)therethisvacation.4.Mike____________(have)thisphonesincelastSeptember.He_____________(buy)itwhenhejuststartedtowork.6.Thehospital____________(be)therefor15years.It__________(be)thetallestbuildinginourcity.7.Thechildren_____________(nevervisit)theGreatWallbefore.Theirparents________(take)themtherenextmonth.三、短文填空HometownFeelingsNowadays,manypeopleleavethecountrysidetos______forworkincities.ZhongWei,w_____ahardworkinacrayonfactory,________(be)tohishometownforalongtimebecauseheisbusy.Peoplelikehimareinterestedinh______theirhometownarechanging.Thedevelopmentsaregoodandthehometownc______alwaysstaythesame.Buthealsothinkssomethingswilln_______change.Forexample,thebigoldtree__________(become)quiteasymbolofthe