主语从句

主语从句CAROLINEOUTLINE1.概念&句子中的位置2.句子构成3.注意事项4.重难点1.概念&句子中的位置在句子中充当主语的就是主语从句。Hepassedtheexam.Itmadetheteacherhappy.Hepassedtheexammadetheteacherhappy.Thathepassedtheexammadetheteacherhappy.Whenwillhecome?Itisnotclear.Whenwillhecomeisnotclear.Whenhewillcomeisnotclear.2.句子构成主语从句+系动词+表语Whathehassaidistrue.怎样找主语从句？Thathewillsucceediscertain.Whetherhewillcomemakesnodifference.Whatweneedismoretime.结论主从：先找到谓语，谓语之前的句子就是主语从句。位置：通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。主语从句的结构：句子+谓语；It+谓语+句子引导词引导词功能连词That,whether,if表意，不充当成分连接代词Who,whom,what,which…主语，宾语，表语，定语连接副词When,where,why,how...状语ExerciseWhetherhewillcometomypartymakesnodifferencetome.Whydinosaursbecameextinctisstillamystery.Whatisneededforalongtripiscarefulpreparation.ThatJayZhouwillcometomycityexciteseverybody.Itremainsapuzzlewhydinosaursdiedoutsuddenlylongtimeago.1)Itis/系动词+n.+从句Itisapity/shamethat...遗憾的是……Itisasurprisethat…令人惊奇的是…Itisafact/aproblem/awonder/anhonner/asurprise/nowonder难怪/goodnews/agoodthing/aquestionItiscommonknowledgethat……是常识*_______________(很遗憾)welostthematch.*______________(这是事实)hecheatedintheexam.2)Itis/系动词+adj.+从句It’scertainthat…肯定…Itispossiblethat...很可能……Itis（un）likelythat...不可能……Itisobviousthat…很明显…Itisnecessary\important\natural\clear/right/strange/wonderful/quite/unusual/evident/surprising/interesting/astonishing/doubtful/essential/...that…*_________________(很可能)shewillcomebacktomorrow.*_________________(很明显)thismeasureiseffective.3)It+be+过去分词+从句advised有人说/announced据宣布/consider据认为/decided作出决定/foundout据查明/heard有人听说/hoped有人希望/ordered根据命令/pointedout有人指出/remembered有人记得/told据告知/thought有人认为/turnedout结果/wellknown/estimated/expected/hoped/noted/required/demanded/madeclear/discussed/Itissaidthat...据说……Itisknowntoallthat...众所周知……Itisreportedthat...据报道……Itisbelievedthat...据信……;人们相信……Itissuggestedthat+(should）do...建议……Itmustbeadmittedthat…必须承认……Itcannotbedeniedthat…不可否认……Itmustbepointedoutthat…需指出的是……*_________________(据报道)20peoplewerekilledintheaccident.*__________________(建议)weshouldeatmorevegetableanddomoreexercise.4)It+不及物动词+从句Ithappenedthat...碰巧……Itoccurredtomethat…我突然想起…*________________(刚好)Icameintotheofficeatthattime.*____________________(我突然想起)Iforgettosenttheletter.3.注意事项1.从句中that不可省略.2.从句位于句首时不可以使用if.3.关系代词型what引导的主语从句，通常直接将主语从句放在句首。whatweneedismoney.4.从句做主语，谓语单复数问题.whatshesaidiswrong.whatweneedarebooks.5.主语从句不可提前的情况.主语从句不可位于句首的情况1）.if引导的主语从句不可放于句首；2）.It+be+过去分词+从句；3）.Itdoesn'tmatterhow/weather......结构；4）it+特殊动词+that从句常用于这种特殊结构的动词；seem,appear显得，happen碰巧/doesn'tmatter/makenodifference/occured从句不可提前。5）含主语从句的复合结构是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。Isitlikelythatitwillrainintheevening?Exercise用whether或if填空。(1)Itdoesn’tmatter___________hewillcomeornot.(2)________we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.(3)Itwasdoubtful___________TomreallysawSharon.(4)________TomreallysawSharonwasdoubtful.whether/ifWhetherwhether/ifWhetherExercise1.___hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.How2.___we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.AIfBWhetherCThatDWhere3.___isknowntousallisthatAmericaisadevelopedcountry____theFirstWorld.a.Which;belongtob.As,belongedtoc.What;belongingtod.It;belongingtoExercise4.It’sknowntousall___aformofenergy.A.waterisB.thatwaterisC.iswaterD.thatwaterto5.Itworriedherabit___herhairwasturninggray.A.whetherB.thatC.whatD.when6.WhatIsayandthink___noneofyourbusiness.A.isB.areC.hasDhave4.重难点1.wh-与wh-ever引导主语从句的区别;2.主语从句与强调句以及定语从句的区别;3.主语从句中的虚拟语气；wh-与wh-ever引导主语从句的区别wh-表示疑问含义，而wh-ever无论......强调一切情况：1)Whoeverleavestheroomoughttoturnoffthelights.(Whoever=Anyonewho)无论谁最后离开教室都应该把灯关掉。2)Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildwhateverheorshewants.人们普遍认为，孩子要什么就给什么是不明智的。3)Gotostampsalesandbuywhateveryoucanafford.到邮票销售点去，把能够买得起的邮票买下来。wh-ever和nomatterwh-的区别wh-ever既可引导名词从句,又可引导让步状语从句，nomatterwh-只能引导让步状语从句Nomatterwhereyougo,youwillfindCoca-Cola.不管你去哪里,都会有可口可乐I’llalwayshelpyou,nomatterwhat(happens).不管发生什么事，我都会始终如一地帮你。Exercise1.(________isneededforsuccess)isyourhardwork.3.(________wewillgotomorrow)hasn’tbeendecidedyet.2.(______theywillarrive)hasbeentoldtotheteacher.4.(___canjoininthesportmeet)isdecidedbytheteacher.5.(________itwillrainornot)isnotclear.7.(______theearthisasolidball)isknowntousall.WhatWhen/HowWhere/WhetherWhoWhetherThat6.(______theearthisbecomingwarm)isagoodtopicforresearch.WhyIt作形式主语和it引导强调句It作形式主语主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom，指物that，例如：Itisapitythatyoudidn’tgotoseethefilm.Itdoesn’tinterestmewhetheryousucceedornot.Itisinthemorningthatthemurdertookplace.ItisJohnthatbrokethewindow.结论1．主语从句中的it可以用that从句代替，强调句型不可以。如：Itisnecessarythatweshouldattendthemeetingontime.＝Thatweshouldattendthemeetingisnecessary.2．强调句型中Itis/was和that三个单词去掉时，被强调部分可以还原到句子适当位置；主语从句中的虚拟语气1）用于Itisimportant/natural/necessary/impossiblethat...句型中,主语从句应使用虚拟语气,谓语动词用\“should+动词原形\”的形式,should有时可以省略。2)在It+be+suggested/advised/ordered/requested/insisted/required中,that从句的谓语也应该用\“should+动词原形\”的形式,should有时可以省略。3)在suggest,insist,demand,order,require等表示建议，命令，要求的动词后，从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气。Exercise1.Itisnecessarythatacollegestudent______atleastaforeignlanguage.A.maste