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Unit10CustomerserviceCustomersfirst:themessageforthisoranyotheryear客户至上:时代的呼唤What,thecallerfromHewlett-Packardwantedtoknow,didIthinkthebigbusinessissueswouldbethisyear?Well,Ireplied,inHewlett-Packard’scase,IthoughttheissuesshouldbethatmynewHPprinter-scanner-copierrefusedtoscanwhenIboughtitandittookmeweekstosortitout.Alsothemachinecouldnotprintonlightweightcard,asitwassupposedto,withoutjamming.惠普公司的人打电话问我,今年商业运作中的大问题是什么?好吧,我答道,就贵公司来说,我认为问题在于我新买的贵公司的打印、扫描、复印一体机,刚买回来就无法扫描,我花了好几个星期才解决了这个问题。而且它根本无法打印轻型卡片,总是堵塞,这本不应该发生的。ThemanfromHPlaughednervously.WerethereanyotherbigbusinessissuesIwouldliketomention?No,Isaid.IfHPtookcareofthosesmallones,thebigoneswouldtakecareofthemselves.那位惠普的老兄紧张地笑了笑。接着问我是否还有没有其他大的商务问题。没了,我说,如果贵公司解决了这些小问题,大问题自然不成问题。Icouldhavetalkedforlonger,butIhadtocallPowergen.IshouldnothavebeenusingtheFT’stimetosortoutmyelectricitydifficultiesbutnoonehadansweredthe24-hourPowergenhelplinethepreviousevening.ThistimeIgotthroughand,afterafewfalsestarts,theysortedoutmyproblem.我本还想多说一会儿,但我不得不给波尔金公司打电话了。本不应该占用《金融时报》的工作时间解决私人的电力问题,可是在前一天晚上我打该公司的24小时求助热线根本没人接。这回终于打通了,试错了几次以后,他们终于解决了我的问题。Whyisitsohardforcompaniestogetthingsright?为什么把服务做好对公司而言如此困难呢?TheBritishutilitiesseemtohavesurrenderedalltheirpost-privatisationcustomer-serviceimprovements.Somehavegonebacktotheirtricksof20yearsago,includingnotturningupattheappointedtimeandthenclaimingtohaverungthedoorbellandfoundnoonehome.英国的公用事业好像已经放弃了他们所有的后私有化客户服务的进步机会。有些公司已经退回到了20年前的老伎俩,包括不按约定时间上门,却说按了门铃,没人在家。Manybanks,retailersandtherestarenobetter.Someseemtohavecutbackontheessentialsofcustomerservicetraining:please,thankyou-thatsortofthing.许多银行、零售商家和其他公司也好不到哪儿去。一些公司似乎已削减了客户服务训练的要素内容:像请,谢谢等。Unit10CustomerserviceIknowthisisnotjustaBritishphenomenon:everytimeIwriteaboutdeterioratingcustomerservice,manyofyoue-mailfromelsewherewiththesamecomplaints.我知道这类现象并非仅出现在英国:每次我写关于客户服务差的文章,都有许多读者从世界各地发来电邮,抱怨此类现象。Whatistheproblem?Someofitisindustry-specific:eitherthereisinsufficientcompetitionordissatisfiedcustomerscannotbebotheredtochangebecausetheydoubttheywillfindanythingbetter.ButIsenseadeeperproblem:manycompaniesseemtohaveforgottenwhatbusinessisabout.问题出在哪里呢?部分原因在于行业细分,其结果要么是竞争不充分,要么是不满意的客户不愿意费力更换别的产品,因为他们怀疑别的产品也不一定更好。然而我感觉到一个更深层的问题:许多公司好像已经不记得经商之道了。Theythinkitisaboutcuttingcosts:hencethemaniaforoutsourcing.Iamnotattackingoutsourcingassuch;itisnot,onitsown,responsiblefordeterioratingcustomerservice.Rather,theproblemisthemindsetthatsomuchoutsourcingrepresents:theideathatastartlingreductioninemploymentcostsisallyouneedtosucceed.他们认为经商之道就在于削减成本:于是热衷于业务外包。在此我并非指责外包,因其本身并不应为日益恶化的客户服务负责。而问题在于如此多的业务外包所反映出来的理念:即要想经营成功,只需大幅削减雇佣成本。Costsdomatter.Iftheyexceedrevenues,youhavenoprofit-andnocompany,orindividual,cancarryonforlongwithoutprofits.成本固然重要。因为如果成本超过收入,你就没有利润——任何一家公司或个人没有利润,都无法长期经营下去。Butmakingaprofit,essentialthoughitis,isnotthepurposeofbusinesseither.Itisitsconsequence.AsPeterDruckerwrote:‘Profitisnottheexplanation,causeorrationaleofbusinessbehaviourandbusinessdecisions,butratherthetestoftheirvalidity.’但利润虽然必需,但却不是经营的目的,而是其结果。正如彼得•德鲁克写道:“利润,不是商务行为或决策的解释、原因或原理,而是对其有效性的检验。Unit10CustomerserviceThepurposeofabusinessistoprovidesomethingthatacustomerwantsatapriceheorsheispreparedtopay.InProfDrucker’swords:‘Itisthecustomerwhodetermineswhatabusinessis.Itisthecustomeralonewhosewillingnesstopayforagoodorforaserviceconvertseconomicresourcesintowealth,thingsintogoods.’经商的目的在于,以客户准备支付的价格提供给他或她所需要的物品。用德鲁克教授的话说:“是客户决定了商业是什么。只有客户对一件商品或服务有支付的意愿,才将经济资源转化成财富,物品转化成商品。”Itisasimpleidea.Youprovidegoodsorservicesthatcustomersarepleasedwith-sopleasedthattheycomeback,andtellalltheirfriendstobuyfromyoutoo.Youthensellmore.Result:happiness.这是个简单的想法。你提供给顾客合意的商品或服务——他们很满意,于是就成了你的回头客,并告诉他们的朋友也来光顾。那么你就卖得更多。结果就是:皆大欢喜。Carryingthisout,ofcourse,islesssimple.Othersmayhavefoundawayofprovidingthesamegoodsatfarlowerprices,inwhichcasecostswillhavetobelookedatagainandyoumayhavetomovejobstolow-wagecountries.当然,把这个想法付诸实践并非易事。其他商家可能已经找到一种以更低的价格提供同样的商品的方法,这时就需要考虑成本了,你可能不得不将工作岗位转移到工资较低的国家。Thereisalsothedifficultyofexecution:thebiggeryourbusinessbecomesandthemorewidespreadyoursuppliersandcustomers,theharderitistodeliver.执行中也存在困难:你的生意做得越大,你的供应商和客户来源越广,就越难做好物料转移。Youmayneedinformationtechnologysystemstokeeptrackofsuppliesandtoensurethatwhenyourcustomerscall,ittakesyounomorethanafewsecondstocalluptheinformationyouneed.你可能需要信息技术系统,以与供应商保持联系,并确保一旦客户来电,你只需几秒钟就能收集到你需要的信息。ButwhenthenewITsystemhasbeeninstalled,ortheforeignfactorybuilt,orthisorthatactivityputouttocontract,thereisonlyonetestofwhetheritwasworthit:arethecustomershappy?但是,一旦新的信息技术系统安装好,或设在国外的工厂已建成,或者这样、那样的业务已承包出去,要检验这么做是否值得,只有一种方式,那就是:客户满意吗?Itiswiththecustomerthatallbusinessdecisionsshouldstartandend.所有商业决策的出发点和目的都应与客户息息相关。
本文标题:Customers-first-the-message-for-this-or-any-other-
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