PKI介绍--中科院

[e-mail],[e-mail]234‹5PKI1976DiffieHellmanD-HDiffieHellmanD-HPKIPublicKeyInfrastructurePKI6PKI•——•——•challenge——PKI••MAC()DES-CBC-MACHMAC-MD57PKI————+8PKI••MACHMAC•••••CA9PKI•(certificate)10PKIPKICRLPMACARACMA(Repository)Subscriber(Relyingparty)EndUser11PKIPKICRLPMAPKI12PKIRAPKICACRLCACLRRALRAPKIXPKICARACA13PKICACACACACAX.50914PKICMACARACMA(certificatemanagementauthority)(Repository)CRLCASubscriber15PKI(Relyingparty)EndUserEnd-entity,16PKI(certificate)certPKIX.509v317X.509123CACA18X.509()19PKICACRL(CertificateRevocationList)WebCRLCRLURL(SSL)URL20PKIX509PKIX1CA2CA3CA45621PKICA36512422PKI/••23BobBob24PKI:PKIPKI/258.7.4.5.6.3.2.RACA1.26/——————CA——/27/————————28PKI2.2.1.RACAOR29CA(CertificateAuthority)(RA)CALabelsXValuesYValuesDatapoint125Datapoint297Datapoint353Datapoint448Datapoint514AttachingLabelstoanXY(Scatter)ChartInMicrosoftExcel,thereisnobuilt-inwaytoautomaticallyattachtextlabelstoanxy(scatter)chart.Youcanuseamacrotoaccomplishthis.Theattachedmacrodemonstrateshowtoapplylabelstoanxy(scatter)chart,andassumesthatyourdataandassociatedlabelsarearrangedonyourworksheetinthesamefashionastheshadedcellsabove.Toapplythedatapointlabels,pressthePlaceLabelsonChartButton.Toremovethelabelsforanotherdemo,presstheResetChartbutton.Toviewthemacrocodeattachedtothesheet,presstheViewCodebutton.PlaceLabelsonChartResetChartYValues01234567890246810YValuesViewCodePKI309(#)RAPKIPassword??Help!!31CACACACASep1998Oct1998Nov1998Dec1998Jan1999Feb1999Mar1999Apr1999May1999Jun1999Jul1999Aug1999CAPKICA32CACACA“-”CACACA33CACACACACACA34CACACACACACACA()CACACAcert(1)ForwardCertificates:CAcerts(2)ReverseCertificates:CAcerts35CAABBCABACAB3637CAijCA111ijCA111ijPKiPKj(Pki)ca111,(Pkj)ca111,ij38CAjCA122i(Pki)ca111,(CA111)CA11,(CA11)CA1j(Pkj)ca122,(CA122)CA12,(CA12)CA1certificationchain(CA11)CA1CA1C11C1139CACA1CA2CA11CA12CA21CA22PKICA11PKCA11CA1PKCA1CAPKJCA21PKCA21CA2PKCA2CAijCA40CA•CACA()()4142PGP43WebPKCS#1044CAPKCS#745PKIE-mailWebVPNSSL/TLSXML/e-businessWAP……46PKIPKIPKIPKIPKIPKI47,