新概念英语-第二册-Lesson-51

Lesson51RewardforVirtue对美德的奖赏【Newwordsandexpressions】rewardn.报偿virtuen.美德dietn.节食forbidv.禁止－forbade－forbiddenhurriedlyadv.匆忙地embarrassv.使尴尬guiltilyadv.内疚地strictadj.严格的rewardv.给奖赏occasionallyadv.偶尔地★rewardn.报偿rewardedrewarded（1）n.报酬、奖赏、酬谢、赏金givesb.reward给……报偿Hereceivedamedalinrewardforhisbravery.一枚奖章.Heworkedhardwithout（any）hopeofreward.他辛勤工作,但却不期待得到报酬。（2）v.给予报酬，酬谢，报答rewardsb.withsth.用……奖赏...rewardsb.forsth.因为……给某人奖赏Hewasrewardedforthefirstprize.Isthishowyourewardmeformyhelp？Iwillrewardyoulater.以后我会报答你。★virtuen.美德（1）美德、善、清高（反意词：vice恶行，缺德行为）amanofvirtue有德之人Honestyisavirtue.诚实是一种美德。leadalifeofvirtue过高尚的生活（2）优点、长处Myroomhasvirtueofbeingwarmeveninwinter我的房间有个好处即使是冬天也很温暖。★dietn.节食dieteddietedgoonadiet＝beonadiet实行节食loseweight减重←→putonweight＝gainweight增胖★forbidv.禁止,不许forbid－forbade[fə‘bæd]－forbidden－Whocanforbidourmarriage？Smokingisforbiddeninthisbuilding.forbidsb禁止某人…..Ifyouwanttogo,Ican’tforbidyou.Hedidn’tlikehisdaughter’sboyfriend,andforbadehimintothehouse.forbidsbtodo…….禁止某人做某事Myfatherforbadmetowatchtelevision.Itisforbiddentosmokeinthisroom.（NoSmoking）在这个房间禁止吸烟。allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事★hurriedlyadv.匆忙地、草率地speakhurriedly匆促地讲★hurriedadj.仓促的,慌忙的；ahurriedtrip匆忙之旅ahurriedmeal匆忙吃了顿饭★hurryv.匆忙,催促,赶紧Don’thurry.不要急。Hurryup.快点Hehurriedhome.他匆匆赶回家。Hehurriedtoschool.他急忙赶到学校。hurryto+地点：匆忙赶到某地Hehurriedbacktohisoffice.他急忙赶回他的办公室。Theyhurriedintothecar.他们急忙上车。★embarrassv.使窘;使不好意思,使局促不安embarrasssb使某人难堪Yoursharpwordsembarrassedhimalot.Areyoutryingtoembarrassme？Don’tembarrassthembyasking/withpersonalquestions.不要问他们令人难堪的个人问题。embarrassingadj.令人困惑的、难堪、尴尬的embarrassedadj.感到困惑的、难堪、尴尬的★guiltilyadv.内疚地Shesmiledguiltilyasshesawme.当她看见我时她尴尬地笑。★guilt（1）责任、罪行、罪状Guiltwaswrittenalloverherface.她的罪过都写在脸上了；她在脸上写满了内疚。Hedeniedhisguilt.他否认自己有罪。（2）不安、内疚feelingofguilt内疚感、罪悪感★guilty['gilti]adj.有罪的,内疚的Ifeelguiltyaboutcuttingclasses.旷课我感到内疚。IfeelguiltybecauseIhavenomoneytolendyou.因为我没有钱借给你感到内疚。★strictadj.严格的、严厉的bestrictwithsb对某人严厉＝bestrictinsbbestrictinone’swork/study对工作/学习严格Firstofall,youmustbestrictwithyourself.首先，你必须严格要求自己。astrictteacher一位严格的老师；strictrules严格的规定★strictly['striktli]adv.严格地,完全地Strictlyspeaking,youarenotfitforyourjob.严格来说，你是不适合这份工作。★occasionallyadv.偶尔地、偶尔,间或Ioccasionallygotothemovieswithhim.我偶尔和他去看电影。★occasionaladj.偶而的occasionalvisits偶尔的拜访We’llhaveoccasionalsnowduringthenight.晚上偶而会下一阵雪。★occasion[əˈkeiʒən]n.时刻，场合；盛会；时机；起因ononeoccasion一次,onanotheroccasion另一次onthis/thatoccasion在这种/那种场合It’salwaysthesameonthiskindofoccasions.在这种场合总是这样的。Myfriend,Hugh,hasalwaysbeenfat,butthingsgotsobadrecentlythathedecidedtogoonadiet.Hebeganhisdietaweekago.Firstofall,hewroteoutalonglistofallthefoodswhichwereforbidden.ThelistincludedmostofthethingsHughloves:butter,potatoes,rice,beer,milk,chocolate;andsweets.YesterdayIpaidhimavisit.IrangthebellandwasnotsurprisedtoseethatHughwasstillasfatasever.Heledmeintohisroomandhurriedlyhidalargeparcelunderhisdesk.Itwasobviousthathewasveryembarrassed.WhenIaskedhimwhathewasdoing,hesmiledguiltilyandthenputtheparcelonthedesk.Heexplainedthathisdietwassostrictthathehadtorewardhimselfoccasionally.Thenheshowedmethecontentsoftheparcel.Itcontainedfivelargebarsofchocolateandthreebagsofsweets!我的朋友休一直很胖，但是近来情况变得越发糟糕，以致他决定节食。他是一星期前开始节食的。首先，他开列了一张长长的单子，上面列了所有禁吃的食物。这张单子上的大多数食物都是休喜欢吃的：黄油、土豆、米饭、啤酒、牛奶、巧克力和糖果。昨天我去看望了他。我按响了门铃，当看到休仍和往常一样胖时，我并不感到惊奇。他把我领进屋，慌忙把一个大包藏到了桌子下面。显然他感到很尴尬。当我问他正干什么时，他内疚地笑了，然后把那个大包拿到了桌上。他解释说，他的饮食控制得太严格了，以致不得不偶尔奖赏自己一下。接着他给我看了包里的东西。里面装了5大块巧克力和3袋糖果！★Myfriend,Hugh,hasalwaysbeenfat,butthingsgotsobadrecentlythathedecidedtogoonadiet.※so…that如此…以致；结果使，以致It’ssocoldthatthepondhasfrozen.IransofastthatI’dgotapaininmyside.※decidetodosth决定做某事※goonadiet节食★Hebeganhisdietaweekago.Firstofall,hewroteoutalonglistofallthefoodswhichwereforbidden.※firstofall首先Firstofallshejustsmiled,andthenshestartedtolaugh.首先,首要(许多事情中首要的,即最重要的)FirstofallImustseeyourpasspart.atfirst首先（句型atfirst…,then…起先…然后…，强调时间的先后)※writeout全部写出※alistof一张……的清单、一份名单list⑴n.putaperson’snameonthelist把………列入名单takeaperson’snameoffthelist把………除名⑵v.Mynameisnotlistedinthetelephonedirectory.[dɪ‘rekt(ə)rɪ;daɪ-]电话薄★ThelistincludedmostofthethingsHughloves:butter,potatoes,rice,beer,milk,chocolate;andsweets.※includev.包括，把…….列入（算入）……Iincludedeggsinthelistofthingstobuy.AmIincludedintheteam？我属于队里吗？Iboughtalotoffoodswhichincludemilk,toast,eggsandsausage.contain包含，容纳，……..的里面有或装着，始终表示在某个容器或物体之内，通常与thereis/are………in的结构互换，不能用进行时。Thatboxcontainsoldletters.＝Thereareoldlettersinthatbox.Theroomcancontain700people★YesterdayIpaidhimavisit.paysbavisit＝visitsb=callonsbpayattentionto……Youshouldpayattentiontowhatyourparentssay.payfor⑴补偿，受……的报应You’llhavetopayforyourselfishnesssomeday.有一天你将会为你的的自私付出代价['selfɪʃnɪs]⑵为……..付款Nowyoucanpayformydinner.payback偿还，还钱给(某人)；回报，向…报复Hepaidbackhisdebts.他偿还了借款★IrangthebellandwasnotsurprisedtoseethatHughwasstillasfatasever.ringvi./vt.Thetelephonerangjustnow.Irangthebell.as....asever.和以往一样原句：asfatasheeverwas状语从句Don'tpayattentiontohiswords,becauseitisasboringaseverIwilltakecareofyouasmuchasever★Heledmeintohisroomandhurriedlyhidalargeparcelunderhisdesk.leadv.给……..指路，领路Heled/showedthe