定语从句语法讲解课件1

诊断定语从句方锦安1.他是一个学生。他学习很努力。2.他是一个学生，并且他学习很努力。3.他是一个学习很努力的学生。4.他有两个儿子，都是老师。Hehastwosons,_____areteachers.A.A.bothofthemB.bothofwhom5.他成功了，这对其他人是一个鼓舞。Hesucceeded,and__wasabiginsparationforothers.Hesucceeded,______wasabiginsparationforothers.whoBitwhichHeisastudent.Hestudieshard.Heisastudent,andhestudieshard.Heisastudent____studieshard.定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的句子.Heisastudentwhostudieshard.astudentwhostudieshard.关系词的作用：1）连接主从句2）指代先行词3）在从句中作成分先行词定语从句关系词先行词：被修饰词___套主谓结构两使用定语从句的几个误区（一）•在从句中误加与关系代词同义的人称代词，这是不对的。eg:我们昨晚看的电影很精彩。Thefilmwesawitlastnightwaswonderful.正：Thefilmwesawlastnightwaswonderful.改正•Who’sthemanyoujusttalkedtohim?•Thebookyoulentitmeyesterdaywasveryinteresting.••Heisthemanwhosehiswifediedlastyear.Who’sthemanyoujusttalkedto?Thebookyoulentmeyesterdaywasveryinteresting.Heisthemanwhosewifediedlastyear.使用定语从句的几个误区（二）•在使用定语从句时，有个经常犯的错误就是分不清是定语从句的句子成分。请看下面的题目：—Isthisroom__________helivedinlastyear?—Isthistheroom__________helivedinlastyear?A.that,thatB.theone,theoneC.that,theoneD.theone,thatD使用定语从句的几个误区（三）•有的同学一看到先行词是表示时间、地点、原因的名词，就认为一定要用关系副词，其实也不一定。在此情况下，还要看关系词在定语从句中是用作什么成分，若是用作状语，则用关系副词，若不是用作状语(如用作主语、宾语等)则不能用关系副词，而用关系代词。•Thisisthefactory_______Iwanttowork.这就是我想工作的工厂。•Thisisthefactory_____Iwanttovisit.这就是我想参观的工厂。•Thereason_____hecan’tcomeisthatheisill.他没来的是因为他病了。•Thereason_____heputforthisveryimportant.他提出的理由很重要。wherethatwhythat使用定语从句的几个误区（四）•1.误认为关系代词whose只用于修饰人whose用作疑问代词时，主要用于指人；但用作关系代词时，它既可指人也可指物。Thefactory,whoseworkersareallwomen,isclosedduringtheholidays.这家工厂工人都是妇女，在假期中工厂关门了。whose既可指人也可指物，指物时whose+词=ofwhich+the+名词/the+名词+ofwhich.•Theplasticbottle，//iscutoff，canbeusedasacontainertogrowplantsin.whosetopofwhichthetopthetopofwhich2.混淆定语从句与并列句•(1)Hehastwochildren,andbothof_______areabroad.•A.themB.which•C.whomD.who•(2)Hehastwochildren,bothof_______areabroad.•A.themB.which•C.whomD.whoAC3.误认为逗号后一定是非限制性定语从句•(1)IfabookisinEnglish,_______meansslowprogressforyou.•A.asB.which•C.whatD.that•(2)WhenIsaytwohours,_______includestimeforeating.•A.thisB.which•C.whatD.thatDD使用定语从句的几个误区（四）4.名词/代词/数词+ofwhich/whom.与独主结构的区别。Theboysdiscoveredmanypicturesonthewallsofthecave，_____________________________15，000yearsago.mostofwhichdatedbacktomostofthemdatingbackto定语从句独主结构“介词+关系代词”的选择1.根据与定语从句中动词的搭配来确定介词。Wateristhenaturalmedium__________fishlive.水是鱼类赖以生存的自然环境。inwhich注意搭配liveinThisisasubject__________wemightargueforalongwhile.这是一个我们可能长时间争论的问题。aboutwhich注意搭配argueabout2.根据与定语从句中形容词的搭配来确定介词。Physicsisthesubjectinourschool_______everystudentisinterested.历史是我们学校每个学生都很感兴趣的课程。inwhich注意搭配beinterestedinHereferredmetosomereferencebooks_________Iamnotveryfamiliar.他我要去参考一些我不熟悉的参考书。withwhich注意搭配befamiliarwith3.根据与先行词的搭配来确定介词。Thisisourclassroom,__________________thereisateacher’sdesk.这是我们的教室，前面有老师的讲台。inthefrontofwhich注意搭配inthefrontofourclassroomI’llneverforgettheday___________shesaidgoodbyetome.我永远不会忘记她与我们告别的那一天。onwhich注意搭配ontheday4.根据句意来确定介词的使用。Thisisthebook___________Igotthestory.这就是那本书，从中我读到这个故事。fromwhich由于句意含有“从……”的意思，所以用介词fromThisIdidatnineo’clock,_________Isatreadingthepaper.九点钟时我做这事，之后我坐着看报。afterwhich由于句意含有“在……之后”的意思，所以用介词after•Myglasses,___________whichIwaslikeablindman，felltothegroundandbroken.•Heisapersonwithgreatexperience,_______whomwecanlearnmuch.•Ifoundaknife________whichIcutthecake.withoutfromwith1.(09全国II)Myfriendshowedmeroundthetown,______wasverykindofhim.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it2.(2009安徽卷)Manychildren，parentsareawayworkinginbigcities，aretakengoodcareofinthevillage．A．theirB．whoseC．ofthemD．withwhom3.(2009北京卷)–Whatdoyouthinkofteaching,Bob?–Ifinditfunandchallenging.Itisajob___youaredoingsomethingseriousbutinteresting.A.whereB.WhichB.C.WhenD.thatABA4.(09辽宁卷)They’vewontheirlastthreematches,____Ifindabitsurprisingactually.____A.thatB.whenC.whatD.which5.(09全国I)Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneofIhadevermetbefore.A.themB.whoB.C.whomD.these6.(09全国II)Myfriendshowedmeroundthetown,______wasverykindofhim.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.itDCA在下列定语从句中，填入适当的介词。•1.Thepencil________whichhewrotewasbroken.•2.Hebuiltatelescope________whichhecouldstudytheskies.•3.Thewoman,________whomIlearnedthenews,isanurse.•4.Thewolf________whichthesheepwaskilledwasshot.•5.Shehasthreechildren,all_______whomareatschool.•6.Thereisatalltreeoutside,________whichstandsourteacher.•7.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’taperson________whomshecouldturnforhelp.•8.Iwassurprisedattheway________whichhetreatedtheoldman.•9.Theage_______whichchildrencangotoschoolisseven.•10.Heboughtabookyesterday,theauthor________whichisateacher.withthroughfrombyofundertoinatofQuiz•完成句子：•1Thisisthebestbook____________________（我一直寻找的）allthisyear.(look)•October1,1949istheday_____________________(我们不会忘记的一天)（forget）•Isthismuseum___________________(他们参观的博物馆)lastmonth?（visit）•Canyoulendmethenovel__________（你说到）theotherday?（talk）•Theastronautdidmanyexperimentsinthespaceship,•________________________(我们认为这对。。。。很有帮助)forknowingspace.(help)•Thisisthestudent___________________(作文)wonthefirstprize.(composition)•Myglasses,___________(没有它)Iwaslikeablindman,felltothegroundandbroke.(with)ThatIhavebeenlookingforwhichIwillneverforgetyoutalked