一轮复习非谓语动词

L/O/G/O非谓语动词Seeingisbelieving.Toseeistobelieve.Studyinghard,you’lllearnEnglishwell.Seenfromthehill,thecitylooksmorebeautiful.非谓语动词的类型:1.不定式todo(将来、表某一次具体的动作、表目的)2.动名词v-ing(抽象、习惯性)3.分词-ing分词(主动、进行、令人……的)-ed分词(被动、完成、感到……的)非谓语动词的特点:Workinghard,andyouwillsucceed.()Togetfullmarks,hestudiedveryhard.Hepretendedtobedoinghishomeworkcarefullywhenhismothercamein.Thehousestobebuiltareforthenewteachers.1.不能在句中作谓语2.可以带上自己的宾语，表语3.有形式的变化×非谓语动词在句子中的作用所能充当的成分主语宾语表语定语状语补语动词不定式√√√√√√动名词√√√√分词√√√√非谓语动词时态和语态的形式动词不定式动名词现在分词过去分词一般式tododoingdoingdone一般被动式完成式tohavedone完成被动式havingbeendonehavingbeendone进行式完成进行式tohavebeendoingtobedonetohavebeendonetobedoingbeingdonehavingdonebeingdonehavingdone1._________(有趣)tobuythepaintinglastweek.(fun)不定式、动名词用作主语Itisimportant____________________.(get)对于Tom来说得到那份工作很重要。Itiswise_________________________.(such)他很明智作出这样一个决定。不定式作主语时,往往放在谓语之后,用___作形式主语.ItwasfunitforTomtogetthatjobofhimtomakesuchadecision(在Itis+形容词+for/ofsb.todosth.的结构中,如果此形容词说明的是表示事物的特点或特征时用______________,如：necessary，important，difficult，hard，easy，impossible等;如果此形容词说明的是表示人的特点或特征时,则用______________.如：kind，good，nice，wise，clever，silly，foolish，careless，rude等。)①Itisnouse/nogood/useless+doingsth.Itisnousecrying.②Itisfun(agreatpleasure,awasteoftime)Itisawasteoftimetryingtoexplain.it作形式主语使用动名词的句型forsb.todosthofsb.todosth2.______________(早起)tomorrowwillbenecessary.(go)3.______________(早起)isagoodhabit.(get)4.____________________(获得奖学金)gaveMartinthechancetogotoacollegeinoneofthenorthernstates.(win)不定式做主语,表语常表_______,______________，动名词则表示_________或__________动作.Herwishwas__________________.(成为一位艺术家)(become)Myfavoritesportis__________.(游泳)(swim)TogetupearlyGettingupearlyWinningthescholarship将来的某次具体的动作习惯性的已发生的tobecomeanartistswimming5.Seeingisbelieving./Toseeistobelieve.当主语部分有do的某种形式时，作表语的不定式___________________。若句子的主语和表语都为非谓语动词，其形式___________。如：Whathehastodoiswait.他不得不等待。要保持一致常省去不定式符号“to”分词做表语Thebookisinterestingandthestudentsaremoved.Theleavesarefallen.分词作表语表示______________._______表示主动，_________表示被动或完成.Myjobisteaching.Teachingismyjob.Myjobisinteresting.Interestingismyjob.▲动名词作表语,相当于_______,主语和表语的位置可以互换;而现在分词作表语相当于_________,不可与主语调换位置.=≠主语的特点特征现在分词过去分词名词形容词不定式、动名词用作宾语1.Herefused___________________.(借给我他的自行车)(lend)有些动词只能接不定式做宾语：afford，agree，arrange，decide，demand，determine，expect，fail，happen，hope，learn，manage，plan，pretend，promise，refuse，wish，seem等.2.IlikewatchingTV，butIdon’tliketowatchTVthisevening.有些动词既能接动名词也能接不定式做宾语，意思区别甚微.如:tolendmehisbicyclebegin，start，like，love，hate，continue，prefer▲下列动词后接不定式或动名词作宾语,意义大不相同remembertodosth.记住要做rememberdoingsth.记得过去做过forgettodosth.忘了已做过的事forgetdoingsth.忘记要做某事regrettodosth.对马上要或不做的事表示遗憾regretdoingsth.对已发生的事表示遗憾或后悔meantodosth.打算meandoing意味着，意思是，想要trytodosth.努力做某事trydoingsth.尝试做某事can’thelpdoingsth.情不自禁，忍不住can’thelp(to)dosth.不能帮忙做某事beconsideredtohavedone被认为已经做了consider…tobe认为是considerdoing考虑做某事stoptodo停下来，要做另一件事stopdoing停下手中正在做的事goontodo接着做另一件事goondoing继续做同一件事beafraidtodo不敢做某事beafraidofdoing害怕做某事3.Sheislookingforwardto________________(被派到国外)tostudyorwork.(send)suggest，finish，avoid，can’thelp，mind，enjoy，delay，practise，advise，consider，miss，escape，allow，permit，imagine，lookforwardto，feellike，beworth，bebusy，beusedto，devoteoneselfto，stickto，objectto，admitto等动词及介词后均只用动名词做宾语.beingsentabroadHelen’s/Herbeingabsentmadetheteacherveryangry.海伦/她没来上课，让老师很生气。Theyinsistedonmy/mespeakingatthemeeting.他们坚持要我在会上发言。▲当动名词短语作主语、宾语或表语时，具有名词特性，其逻辑主语由“名词所有格或形容词性物主代词”表示，放在动名词短语之前。当动名词短语不在句首时，也可由“形容词性物主代词或代词宾格”表示。4.Ifind__________(我的责任)tohelpothers.(duty)itmydutyfind/think/regard/consider+it+adj./n.+todo不定式、分词用作宾补1.They________________（允许他去）thepartylastnight.(allow)2.Peoplesawhim_______________(进了房间)(enter)Hewasseen_______________（进了房间）___________和____________后接不定式做宾补时，_________________，但变为被动语态时__________.省to的不定式作宾补：宾补省to记11,一感二听三使役;五看一帮两均可.feel,hear,listento,have,let,make,see,lookat,notice,observe,watch,helpallowedhertogotoentertheroomtoentertheroom感官动词使役动词省掉不定式符号to要带上to3.I___________________(建议他们去游泳)then.(advise)We__________________(看了他们跳舞)then.（watch）We_________________(看他们在跳舞)inthehall.(watch)We_____________(看到他们被打)inthehall.(watch)1)感官动词后接不定式做宾补表示________，使役动词后接不定式做宾补表示“让（某人某事）做某事”，且其后的不定式省掉to，getsb.todosth.，asksb.todosth.,encouragesb.todosth.,ordersb.todosth…………2)watch/see/notice/oberve+sb.doingsth.表示看/…某人正在做某事，havesb.doingsth.表示让某人一直做某事。用这种结构…sb.doingsth的还有find/leave/catch/keepsb.doingsth.3)当宾语与宾补之间为被动关系时，常用________做宾补.advisedthemtoswimwatchedthemdancewatchthemdancingwatchthemhit全过程过去分词with(without)+宾语+不定式/现在分词/过去分词1._______________________(因为有作业要做),hehastostayathomewithoutplayingfootball.(do)(做宾补，表)2.Helaythere_________________________(眼睛看着天空).(look)(做宾补，表)3.Hewentouttoplay_______________(做完工作).(do)(做宾补，表)Withalotofhomeworktodo动词不定式将发生withhiseyeslookingatthesky主动、进行withhisworkdone过去分词被动、完成不定式、动名词和分词用作定语1.Iwillfindacomfortableroom________(居住).（live)2.Theygotawonderfulmusic___________（随着音乐跳）。(dance)不定式作定语时要放在______________.不定式跟所修饰的词构成_______关系时，形式上用_______形式（______表______），如为不及物动词后面应加上相应的介词。3.Heisalwaysthefirstman____________totheclassroom.(come)被修饰词前有