Cold-Chain-Logistics报告

1、ColdChainLogisticsMcDonald’sbrilliantlyarticulatedfoodchain,whichextendedfromtheseoutletsrightuptofarmsallacrossIndia,makesitshugesuccess.In1996,whenMcDonald’senteredIndia,thecompanyfoundadistributionagentwhocouldactasahubforallitsvendors.Mumbai-basedRadhakrishnaFoodlandPrivate(RFPL)waschosenforthejob.TheiceberglettucefromOoty,muttonpattiesfromHyderabadandsesameseedbunsfromPunjabwerealldeliveredtoRFPL’sdistributioncentre(coldstorage)initsrefrigeratedvans.Thedistributionagent—RFPLstoredproductsi。

2、ncontrolledconditioninitsowncoldstorage,andthensuppliedthemtoMcDonald’soutletsonitsdailybasis.Thespeciallydesignedtrucksmaintainedthetemperatureinthestoragechamberthroughoutthejourneytokeepfoodfreshnessandadequatemoisturecontent.DefinitionofcoldchainCold-chainlogisticsisatemperature-controlledstorageanddistributionnetwork,usedprimarilyforperishables.Itincludesrefrigeration,freezing,warehousing,transportation,distribution,packaging,processing,multimodaltransportandotherseriesofvalue-addedservices。

3、CharacteristicsItaddsrefrigerationandfreezingservicesduringwarehousingandtransportationofproducts.Itcouldkeepproductsfreshness,especiallyproductslikevegetables,fruitsanduncookedmeat.Coldchainlogisticshaveveryhighconditionforitsfacilities.Forlogisticscompanies,theymusthavecoldstorageandspeciallydesignedtrucksorcoldcontainerstoprovidetheseservices.Itneedalargenumberofinvestedcapital.ConsequenceCold-chainlogisticsinvestmentcostishighOperationcycledemandisveryshortOperationneedstohavestrongtechno。

4、logyFoodqualitycontrolisdifficultCold-chainlogisticsoperationstillneedsalotofotherspecialconditionThecompetitionofcoldlogistics(1)ConsumerTastesandbehaviorUnderstandingtheconsumeristhemajorissueforfoodretailers，consumersarebecomingincreasinglyawareoftheirpowerandareconsciouslyandsubconsciouslyrollingintheir“lifevalues”withtheirpurchases.(2)InstitutionalpressuresandregulatoryrequirementsFoodscares,deathandoutbreaksofdiseasearoundtheworldinthe1990’shavetriggeredmajorrevisionstofoodsafetyarrangem。

5、ents.(3)Environmentalconsiderations(4)Internationalandglobalizationinfluences(5)PoliticalinfluencesThebackgroundofAQL1In1999theyadvancedtheneedforindustrytohaveathroughchainperformancebasedqualitycoldchainlogisticsmanagementsysteminorderforourfoodexportstogainandmaintainaccesstothequalityendoftheoverseasfoodmarket.ThedefinitionofAQL1AQL1（AustraliaQualityLogisticssystem）isastandardtomaintainproductqualityandintegrityduringcoldchainlogistics.Itisacceptedbymostcountriesintheworld.Tomakeyourcoldchai。

6、nlogisticsmorecompetitive,youmustintegratecoldchainqualitylogisticstomakeyourperformancestandardsacceptedbytheAQL1technicalgroupandaccreditationissued.TherequirementofAQL1(1)Foodsafety(insidestandard)Thelogisticscompanymustprovidecorrecttemperaturetokeepfoodsafeduringwarehousingandtransportation.(2)Foodsecurity(outside)inthewakeoftheterrorismactivitiesoverthelasttwoyears,securityfearsaboutthemovementofFreighthaveheightened.Notjustfoodsafety,butalsooutside,forinstance,registration,recordkeeping.(。

7、3)FoodqualityThereareanumberofvendorsupplymanagementprogramsbeingappliedorbeingdevelopedinkeyoverseasmarketsaswellasAustralia.ThetrendistounderpinanyqualityprogramwithaHACCPplan.Self-assessmentprogramchecklists(unitedfreshfruitandvegetablevendordeclarationprogram),HACCPbasedcodesofpractice(EUREP-GAP,FreshCare,NZVegFed),FullHACCPsystems(SQFcodes).(4)ColdchainlogisticsMuchtobedonebyexportersandcoldchainpartnerstomanagethechaineffectively,competitivelyandefficiently.Keybuyerssuggestthateffectivecol。

8、dchainmanagementwillbecomeaminimalrequirementforsuppliertomeetwithin5yearsandwillbecomeanon-negotiableitem.(5)Environmentsustainability&SocialacceptabilityTheEurep-Gap2004protocolforFruitandVegetablesappliedtofarmshas210controlpoints;itgoesfromseed/nurserytotransporttoenvironment,wasteandpollution,operatorhealth,safetyandwelfare.Wemaywellseethebuyerpreferringsuppliersthatovertimesuppliersofthemodes’relativeimpactontheenvironment.Transportcompaniesthatdonotpayanacceptablewagetotheirstafforlacksou。

9、ndhealthandsafetyarrangementmaybeprecludedinthefuture.NewdevelopmentsinthecoldchainToreducethetimeintervalbetweenharvesting,picking,slaughtering,capturingormilking,andcooling:thisiscalledearlyrefrigeration.Thismakesitpossibletoreducewaterlossandtopreventmultiplicationofmicro-organisms.Underoptimalconditions,bacteriadivideevery20minutes:therefore,within8hoursunderoptimaltemperatureconditionsandwherethemediumisofoptimalcomposition,onebacteriumwillhavegeneratedover16milliondescendants(morethanthenu。

10、mberofinhabitantsinParisanditssuburbs).Thisconfirmsthattemperatureisafundamentalfactorenablingthecontrolofmicrobialrisks.Toseparatecoolingandstoragefunctions.Milkiscooledinmilkchillers,meatincarcasschillingrooms,vegetablesinpackingandprecookingpremises,fishonicewhilestillatseaandfrozenfoodstuffsinfreezingtunnels.Evenfruits,whichweretraditionallycooledinstorerooms,arenowstartingtobecooledinspecialpremisespriortostorage.Storagepremisescanthusbecooledmorerapidlyandthereisnooversizing.Todesignmorefle。