桃花源记英文译本对比与赏析

原文译文林语堂戴维斯Giles译文比较晋太元中，武陵人捕鱼为业；缘溪行，忘路之远近。DuringthereignofTaiyuanofChin,therewasafishermanofWuling.Onedayhewaswalkingalongabank.DuringtheTailyuanperiod(376-396BC)ofJin,amanofWuling,whomadehislivingasafisherman,ascendedastream,forgetfulofthedistancehetravelled.DuringthereignofTaiYuanofTsinDynasty,acertainfishermanofWuling,whohadfolloweduponeoftheriverbrancheswithouttakingnotewhitherhewasgoing,camesuddenlyuponagroveofpeach-treesinfullbloom,extendingsomedistanceoneachbank,withnotatreeofanyotherkindinsight.林译简单易懂，翻译得意忘形；戴译表达地道，更易被目标读者所接受;Gelies的译文摆脱原文结构的束缚，表达地道，生动形象，但部分过于脱离原文。赏析译文多为短句，简单通畅，“以捕鱼为业”译为“fisherman”简练地道。“忘路之远近”并入下一句翻译，打破原文结构，得意忘形。译文将“晋太元中”译为“DuringtheTailyuanperiod(376-396BC)ofJin,”较为地道，且注明时间，使读者更易理解。译文为一个较长的复合句，更符合目标读者的习惯。译文亦为较长的复合句，并将“忽逢桃花林。夹岸数百步，中无杂树”合并于此句，一气呵成，表明了译者的英语功底之深厚。但“数百步”译为“somedistance”意思不明确。“桃花林”译为“agroveofpeach-treesinfullbloom”生动形象。忽逢桃花林。Afterhavinggoneacertaindistance,hesuddenlycameuponapeachgrovewhichextendedalongthebankforaboutahundredyards.Suddenlyhecameuponagroveofpeachtreesinblossom.林译根据原文意思，使用增译技巧，且将原文句子合并，译文连贯通畅，但部分翻译与原文意思不符；戴译使用短句，且表达简练，译文生动形象，较符合语境。赏析译者根据原文意思，增译“Afterhavinggoneacertaindistance,”且将此句与下文“夹岸数百步”相合译文按照原文，将此句单独翻译。用“inblossom”来作后置定语修饰“agroveofpeachtrees”，形象生并，将“数百步”译为“aboutahundredyards”不符合原文意思。动。且较符合当时场景。夹岸数百步，中无杂树，芳草鲜美，落英缤纷，渔人甚异之。Henoticedwithsurprisethatthegrovehadamagiceffect,sosingularlyfreefromtheusualminglingofbrushwood,whilethebeautifullygrassygroundwascoveredwithitsrosepetals.Theylinedthebanksforseveralhundredpaces:amongthemwerenootherkindsoftree.Thefragrantherbagewasfreshandbeautiful;fallenblossomlayinprofusion.Thebeautyofthesceneandtheexquisiteperfumeoftheflowersfilledtheheartofthefishermanwithsurprise,asheproceededonwards,anxioustoreachthelimitofthislovelygrove.林译根据原文意思，部分增添句子，表达恰当，但部分误译；林译表达较为准确；Giles译文，上下文关系理解错误。赏析译文颠倒句子结构，增译“thegrovehadamagiceffect”形象具体。但此处“落英”应指桃花瓣，译为“rosepetals”实为不妥。译文符合原文意思，且表达简练、准确、地道。此处意思应该是渔人看到此番美景后很诧异，遂“复前行，欲穷其林”，其中隐含递进或因果关系，而译文用as连接两句，表示并列，并没有准确表达其中的关系。复前行，欲穷其林。Hewentfurthertoexplore,andwhenhecametotheendofthegrove,hesawaspringwhichcamefromacaveinthehill.Thefreshman,inextremewonder,againwentforward,wishingtogototheendofthegrove.林译“explore”一词用的较好，行文简练，意思表达准确；戴译译文准确流畅。赏析此处“explore”用的恰到好处，表现了当时渔人看到美景后，想要继续向前探索桃花林的奥秘。且将后句合并，较为流译文将“渔人甚异之”与下文句子合并，句子流畅，意思清晰准确。畅，表达简练，且“aspringwhichcamefromacaveinthehill”表达较为详细准确。林尽水源，便得一山。Thegroveendedatthestream’ssource,andtherehefoundahill.Hefoundthatthepeachtreesendedwherethewaterbegan,atthefootofahill;译文均准确地道赏析译文地道，准确。译文准确。山有小口，仿佛若有光，便舍船从口入。Havingnoticedthatthereseemedtobeaweaklightinthecave,hetieduphisboatanddecidedtogoinandexplore.Inthehillwasasmallopeningfromwhichalightseemedtocome.Sohelefthisboatandwentinthroughtheopening.andthereheespiedwhatseemedtobeacavewithlightissuingfromit.林译意思表达较为具体准确；戴译句子地道，行文流畅；Giles译文简练准确。赏析将“舍船”译为“hetieduphisboat”较为准确。又用了“explore”一词，意思表达的淋漓尽致。译文较为地道，连词“so”较好地表达了其中的因果关系。译文准确简练。总结总体来说，林译对原文理解透彻，用词精确，句子通俗易懂，体现了其中英文功底深厚，但部分词译不准确；戴译句子更为地道，行文连贯，用词得当，长短句结合，读起来朗朗上口；Giles译文不拘泥于原文，表达地道，但部分词及上下文关系不够精确。第二段原文译文林语堂戴维斯Giles译文比较初极狭，才通人。复行数十步，豁然开朗。Atfirsttheopeningwasverynarrow,barelywideenoughforonepersontogoin.Afteradozensteps,itopenedintoafloodoflight.Atfirstitwasverynarrow,barelyallowingamantopass,butashewentonforsometensofpaces,itcameoutintotheopenair,uponlandslevelandwidewithhousesofastatelyappearance.Sohemadefasthisboat,andcreptinthroughanarrowentrance,whichshortlyusheredhimintoanewworldoflevelcountry,offinepools,andofluxurianceofmulberryandbamboo.林译生动形象；戴译准确具体，用词精确，表达形象地道；Giles此处译文与原文不符，且句子读起来繁琐拖拉。赏析“豁然开朗”译为“itopenedintoafloodoflight”形象生动。将下句“土地平旷，屋舍俨然”与上句合并，在句子中作状语，形容静态景物，表达地道。译文“madefasthisboat”与原文的“弃船”不符，且后面的“anewworldoflevelcountry,offinepools,andofluxurianceofmulberryandbamboo”出现多个of，表达冗赘，且描写的不够形象。土地平旷，屋舍俨然，有良田、美池、桑竹之属，阡陌交通，鸡犬相闻。其中往来种，男女衣着，悉如外人；黄发垂髫，并怡然自乐。Hesawbeforehiseyesawide,levelvalley,withhousesandfieldsandfarms.Therewerebamboosandmulberries;farmerswereworkinganddogsandchickenswererunningabout.ThedressesofTherefinefieldsandbeautifulpools,clumpsofmulberriesandbamboos.Thefielddykesintersected;cockscrowedanddogsbarkedtoeachother.Theclothesofthemenandwomenwhocameandwent,plantedHighwaysoftrafficrannorthandsouth;soundsofcrowingcocksandbarkingdogswereheardaround;thedressofthepeoplewhopassedalongorwereatworkinthefieldswasofastrangecut;whileyoungandoldalikeappearedtobecontentedandhappy.此处译文戴译最为精确、生动、形象，且译文表达地道，而戴译和Giles译文相比较则显得生硬平淡无味。themenandwomenwerelikethoseoftheoutsideworld,andtheoldmenandchildrenappearedveryhappyandcontented.andworkedamongthemwereentirelylikethoseofpeopleoutside.Thewhite-hairedandthechildrenwiththeirhairintuftshappilyenjoyedthemselves.赏析译文过于直白，缺少形象具体的描绘词汇，如“阡陌交通，鸡犬相闻”直接译为“farmerswereworkinganddogsandchickenswererunningabout”显得平淡无味。将“其中往来种，男女衣着，悉如外人”以定语从句方式表达，意思明确，简练地道。另外“怡然自得”译为’happilyenjoyedthemselves.”也较为贴切。此处译文多为被动，与另外两个译文相比，则不能更好地显示出原文所述场景的形象生动。见渔人，乃大惊，问所从来，具答之。便要还家，设酒杀鸡作食。村中闻有此人，咸来问讯。Theyweregreatlyastonishedtoseethefishermanandaskedhimwherehehadcomefrom.Thefishermantoldthemandwasinvitedtotheirhomes,wherewinewasservedandchickenwaskilledfordin