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Copyright©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Permissionrequiredforreproductionordisplay.11-0PowerPointSlidestoaccompanyElectricMachinerySixthEditionA.E.FitzgeraldCharlesKingsley,Jr.StephenD.UmansChapter11SpeedandTorqueControlCopyright©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Permissionrequiredforreproductionordisplay.Equivalentcircuitforaseparatelyexciteddcmotor.Figure11.111-1Copyright©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Permissionrequiredforreproductionordisplay.11-2(a)Pulse-widthmodulationsystemforadc-machinefieldwinding.(b)Field-currentwaveform.Figure11.2Copyright©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Permissionrequiredforreproductionordisplay.11-3Shunted-armaturemethodofspeedcontrolappliedto(a)aseriesmotorand(b)ashuntmotor.Figure11.3Copyright©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Permissionrequiredforreproductionordisplay.11-4Threetypicalconfigurationsforarmature-voltagecontrol.(a)Variabledc-linkvoltage(producedbyaphase-controlledrectifier)applieddirectlytothedc-motorarmatureterminals.(b)Constantdc-linkvoltagewithsingle-polaritypulse-widthmodulation.(c)Constantdc-linkvoltagewithafullH-bridge.Figure11.4Copyright©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Permissionrequiredforreproductionordisplay.11-5AplotofspeedversusarmaturevoltageforthedcmotorofExample11.3.Figure11.5Copyright©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Permissionrequiredforreproductionordisplay.11-6(a)Torqueand(b)powerlimitationsofcombinedarmature-voltageandfield-currentmethodsofspeedcontrol.Figure11.6Copyright©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Permissionrequiredforreproductionordisplay.11-7Blockdiagramforaspeed-controlsystemforaseparatelyexcitedorshunt-connecteddcmotor.Figure11.7Copyright©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Permissionrequiredforreproductionordisplay.11-8Simpledc-motorspeedcontrollerforExample11.4.Figure11.8Copyright©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Permissionrequiredforreproductionordisplay.11-9Threetypicalconfigurationsforarmature-currentcontrol.(a)Variabledc-linkcurrent(producedbyaphase-controlledrectifier)applieddirectlytothedc-motorarmatureterminals.(b)Constantdc-linkcurrentwithsingle-polaritypulse-widthmodulation.(c)Constantdc-linkcurrentwithafullH-bridge.Figure11.9Copyright©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Permissionrequiredforreproductionordisplay.11-10Blockdiagramofadc-motorspeed-controlsystemusingdirect-controlofmotortorque.Figure11.10Copyright©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Permissionrequiredforreproductionordisplay.11-11Three-phasevoltage-sourceinverter.Figure11.11Copyright©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Permissionrequiredforreproductionordisplay.11-12Variable-speedoperatingregimesforasynchronousmotor.Figure11.12Copyright©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Permissionrequiredforreproductionordisplay.11-13(a)Blockdiagramofafield-orientedtorque-controlsystemforasynchronousmotor.(b)Blockdiagramofasynchronous-motorspeed-controlloopbuiltaroundafield-orientedtorquecontrolsystem.Figure11.13Copyright©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Permissionrequiredforreproductionordisplay.11-14Phasordiagramforunity-power-factorfield-oriented-controlalgorithm.Figure11.14Copyright©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Permissionrequiredforreproductionordisplay.11-15Blockdiagramofafield-orientedtorque-controlsystemforapermanent-magnetsynchronousmotor.Figure11.15Copyright©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Permissionrequiredforreproductionordisplay.11-16Principlesofthepole-changingwinding.Figure11.16Copyright©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Permissionrequiredforreproductionordisplay.11-17Fourpossiblearrangementsofphase-astatorcoilsinapole-changinginductionmotor:(a)series-connected,four-pole;(b)series-connected,two-pole;(c)parallel-connected,four-pole;(d)parallel-connected,two-pole.Figure11.17Copyright©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Permissionrequiredforreproductionordisplay.11-18Afamilyoftypicalinduction-motorspeed-torquecurvesforafour-polemotorforvariousvaluesoftheelectricalsupplyfrequency.(a)R1sufficientlysmallsothatitseffectsarenegligible.(b)R1notnegligible.Figure11.18Copyright©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Permissionrequiredforreproductionordisplay.11-19Speedcontrolbymeansoflinevoltage.Figure11.19Copyright©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Permissionrequiredforreproductionordisplay.11-20Speedcontrolbymeansofrotorresistance.Figure11.20Copyright©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Permissionrequiredforreproductionordisplay.11-21(a)Blockdiagramofafield-orientedtorque-controlsystemforaninductionmotor.(b)Blockdiagramofaninduction-motorspeed-controlloopbuiltaroundafield-orientedtorquecontrolsystem.Figure11.21Copyright©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Permissionrequiredforreproductionordisplay.11-22MATLABplotforExample11.13showingtheeffectofthedirect-axiscurrentiDonthearmaturevoltageandcurrentforaninductionmotoratconstantspeedandload.Figure11.22Copyright©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.Permissionrequiredforreproductionordisplay.11-23Inverterconfigurations.(a)Two-phaseinverterwhichusestwoswitchesperphase.(b)Two-phaseinverterwhichusesasplitsupplyandoneswitchperphase.(c)Two-phaseinverterwithbifilarphasewindingsandoneswitchperphase.Figure11.23