英语：Module1 Unit3课件(外研社八年级下)

Module1Unit3Languageinuse1.组成句子的成分叫句子成分。2.在句子中,词与词之间有一定的组合关系,按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。3.句子成分由词或词组充当。句子成分4.英语的基本成分有六种:主语(subject),谓语(predicate),表语(predicative),宾语(object),定语(attribute)和状语(adverbial)。主语1.主语是一个句子的主题,也是句子的主体,表示句子主要说明的人或事物。2.它的位置一般在句首。3.一般由名词、代词或相当于名词或代词的词、短语或句子等充当。e.g.Themeetingwillbeginat9:00.(名词)WestudyinNo.1MiddleSchool.(代词)Smokingisbadforyou.(动名词)谓语1.谓语是说明主语的动作或状态。一般放在主语之后。2.谓语一般是由动词或连系动词+表语担当。3.谓语必须和主语在“人称”和“数”上保持一致。e.g.Weworkhard.(动词）Mikelikeshisnewbook.Hisparentsareteachers.(连系动词+表语)Sheisreading.表语1.表语是表述主语的特征、状态或身份等。2.表语位于连系动词之后,二者构成系表结构,即合成谓语。3.表语由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词、短语或句子等充当。e.g.Herbrotherisadriver.(名词)Areyouready?(形容词)Wewereathomelastnight.(介词短语)Thisbookismine,notyours.(代词)Thefilmisexciting.(现在分词)宾语1.宾语表示动作、行为的对象。2.只有及物动词可带宾语,有些不及物动词加上介词或副词也可带宾语。3.由名词、代词或相当于名词的词、短语或句子担当。e.g.Heoftenhelpsme.(代词)WestudyEnglishatschool.(名词)Ifyouadd5to5,youget10.(数词)Remembertobuysomestamps.(动词不定式)Helikesmakingyoulaugh.(动名词)DoyouunderstandwhatImean?(从句)宾语补足语位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。它们一起构成复合宾语。1.名词/代词宾格+名词：Thewarmadehimasoldier.2.名词/代词宾格+形容词：Pleasekeeptheroomclean.3.名词/代词宾格+介词短语：Ioftenfindhimatwork.4.名词/代词宾格+动词不定式：Theteacheraskthestudentstoclosethewindows.5.名词/代词宾格+分词：Isawacatrunningacrosstheroad.状语状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句,说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的等。用作状语的通常是副词。1)副词(短语)作状语：Theboyneedsapenverymuch.(程度状语)Theboyneedsapennow.(时间状语)2)介词短语作状语：Intheclassroom,theboyneedsapen.(地点状语)OnSundays,thereisnostudentintheclassroom.(时间状语)3)不定式作状语:Theboyneedsapentodohishomework.(目的状语)4)名词作状语:Comethisway!(方向状语)定语1.定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子的句子成分。2.定语有前置定语和后置定语。3.充当定语的词有:形容词、名词、代词、数词、名词所有格、方位副词、不定式、动词的-ing形式、过去分词和从句等。e.g.Tomisahandsomeboy.(形容词作定语)HisnameisTom.(代词作定语)TheboyinblueisTom.(介词短语作定语)Thereisnothingtodotoday.(不定式作定语)英语五种基本句型和特殊句型如下:基本句型一:SV(主＋谓）基本句型二:SVP(主＋系＋表)基本句型三:SVO(主＋谓＋宾)基本句型四:SVOO(主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾)基本句型五:SVOC(主＋谓＋宾＋宾补)特殊句型：Therebe+主语+状语1.主语+系动词+表语2.主语+谓语+状语请根据所给句子结构分别写出一个英文例句。Tom’sroomisverytidy.Shegetsupat6:00everymorning.3.主语+谓语+宾语4.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语5.主语+谓语+宾语+补语MissWangteachesChinese.Myfatherboughtmeanewbike.Ioftenhelpmyfatherwashhiscar.Putthewordsandphrasesinthecorrectordertomakesentences.(Activity1)Answers:1.________________________________________________________________2.________________________________3.________________________________Iboughtmymotheranewbookforherbirthday.Sheshowedmeherstampcollection.IoftenwatchsportonTV.4._______________________________5._______________________________6._______________________________7._______________________________8._______________________________9._______________________________I’mawriter.Ireadalot.Myfatherwantedmetobeamusician.Iheardhersing.Therearelotsoffansinthemuseum.I’mplayingthepiano.Activity7Listenandchoosethebestanswer.Answers:1.______2.______3._____4.______5.______bacca1.Youcan’tworkallthetime.Youneedah_____torelax,forexample,listeningtomusic.2.Afteryouhavefinishedcooking,youmustt___everythingup.请根据句意及所给首字母提示补全所缺单词。idyobby3.Ilikethisbook.Itisfullofu_____information.4.Whicha______doyoulikebetter,playingvolleyballorswimming?5.Isawmanyshipss_____inthesea.ailingsefulctivityTranslatethephrases.1)将来_____________2)结果_____________3)山地自行车运动_______________4)出版______________5)例如______________inthefutureasaresultmountainbikingcomeoutsuchas6)试图做某事____________7)整理_______8)同......一样__________9)空闲时间________10)照顾___________trytodosth.tidyupaswellasfreetimelookafterThankyouforlistening!