book3-unit4--grammar语法

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestarsPeriod3SubjectClauseSomelyricsfrom“NoMatterWhat”1Ican'tdenywhatIbelieve.3Whatwebelieveistrue2Ican’tbewhatI’mnot.____________________宾语从句________________表语从句________________________主语从句4Nomatterwhattheendis,mylifebeganwithyou._____________________________________________让步状语从句3.Tofindyourwaycanbeaproblem.2.Smokingisbadforyou.1.Youareastudent.名词,代词,V-ing,动词不定式4Whatitwastobecomewasuncertain.5whytheysuddenlydisappearedremainsamystery.6whetherlifewillcontinueontheearthwilldependsonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7HowhecanearnalivinginBritainremainsabigproblem.9Thatweshallbelateiscertain.10Whoevermakesmistakesmustcorrectthem.8Whowillbesenttherehasnotbeendecided.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________句子做主语-----主语从句一主语从句的连接词1.that只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，不充当任何成分，但不能省略。Thatshelefthimmadehimheart-broken.Thatheisstillaliveisgoodnewstous.我们保持平衡饮食有益健康。2.置于句首只能用whether表“是否”，不充当从句的任何成分。他是否会参加这个话剧表演是显而易见的______________________________isclear.______________________________(他能否买到飞机票)doesn’tmattermuch.WhetherhecanbuytheplaneticketsWhetherhe’lltakepartintheplayThatwekeepabalanceddietisgoodforourhealth.3连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever等，连接副词when,where,why,how等包含意思，并在从句中充当成分。WhenshewillbebackisstillaquestionWhatyoutoldmejustnowwasreallyasurprise.Wherewewillholdthebasketballgametomorrowisnotimportant.Whichclasswillwinthefootballgameisnotclear.Whowillmeethimisnotdecided.Whoeverbreaksthelawshouldbepunished.1.____willwinthegoldmedalremainstobeseen.2._____wantstoaskquestionsiswelcomeanytime.3.Themanagerdecidedtoofferthejobto_____hebelievedhadastrongsenseofduty.WhoWhoeverwhoeverWho/whoever/whomever4.________youchooseasyourwifehasnothingtodowithme.5.______breaksthelawshouldbepunished.6.Thereisnodoubtthatanyone_____doesn’tgiveintodifficultieswillbesuccessfulatlast.WhomeverWhoeverwho1)_____yousaidyesterdayisright.2)_____sheisstillaliveisaconsolation（安慰）.3)_____helostthebikeworriedhimalot.4)_____causedtheaccidentremainsunknown.5)_____mademattersworsewas____nightbegantofall.6)_____wecan’tgetseemsbetterthan______wehave.WhatThatThat注：what与that在引导主语从句时的区别what在从句中充当句子成分，如主语、宾语、表语，而that则不然。WhatWhatthatWhatwhat主语从句的引导词和______从句_____从句的引导词基本一致,引导词的作用同样没有改变:1that:在名词性从句中,只起到引导和连接作用,没有意思,在_____从句和_____从句中不能省略.2.引导主语从句的“是否”是引导词___________3what,who,whom,在主语从句中充当___,___或___;whose/which一般充当____.宾语表语表语主语whether主语宾语表语定语4when,where,why,how在主语从句中充当_____,表示时间,地点,原因,方式.5.whatever,whenever,wherever,whichever,whoever,whomever…是强调说法,不表示疑问.状语二.it做形式主语为了防止句子头重脚轻，通常把形式主语it放在主语位置，真正主语搁置于句末。1）It+be+名词/形容词+主语从句Exx:很肯定他会赢得比赛的。________________thathewillwinthematch.Itisafactthat_____________(地球绕着太阳转)Itisverylikelythattheywillholdameeting.Itisimportantthatweallshouldattendthemeeting.Itisstillamysterywhatcausedtheaccident.Itiscertaintheearthgoesaroundthesun2）It+不及物动词(seem,happen,matter)+主语从句Itseemsthathehasseenthefilm.似乎…Ithappenedthattheywereabsent.碰巧…3）It＋过去分词＋从句ItissaidthatZhaoBenshanwillvisitourschoolnextweek.据说…Itisdecidedthat…据决定Itisbelievedthat…据认为ItisknowntoallthatLiHuaisthebeststudentinourclass.众所周知…1.Thisisnaturalthattheyshouldlikeeachother.2.Itistruehehasmadeaveryimportantdiscoveryinchemistry.3.Itdoesn’tmatterthatheiswrongornot.4.ItisknowtoallthatLuXunisafamousauthor.TrueorFalseItthat∨whetherknown主语从句三要素hebecameagreatscientistisknowntousall.Iswhatyoutoldmereallytrue?谓语动词用单数从句用陈述语序不能省略关联词HowWhateverhesaysisofnoimportance.Whoeversaysthisiswrong．但谓语动词用单数还是复数，不可一概而论，而要视句子的意义而定WhatIneedismoney.WhatIneedarebooks.三.在主语从句中，谓语一般用单数。Whenandwherewe’llholdthemeeting_____notbeendecidedyet.A.hasB.isC.haveD.are注意：1.Whatyouleftareonlyseveraloldbooks.2.Whatyousaidisofgreatimportance.3.Whetherhe’llcomehereisnotclear.1.“if”不能引导主语从句，应有“whether”引导。3.主语从句的“that”一般不能省。4.“what”引导主语从句时，谓语动词：1）常与其后的名词作表语一致2）根据句子的语境而定。四.主语从句需注意的问题2.主语从句中用陈述语序1.Whereshallwespendtheholidayisn’tdecided.2.Youhavemadeamistakeisafact.3.Thatiscertainthatwecanwin.4.Nomatterwholeavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.5.Ifthepolicemenwillcomeisnotcertain.weshallThatyouhaveItisWhoeverwhether改错练习1.Whoweshouldinvitetoopentheconferenceisaquestion.2.Whetheritshouldlasttwodaysorthreedaysdoesn’tmatter.3.Whoeverwantsthebookmayhaveit..4.Howmanypeoplewillattendtheconferencehasnotbeendecided.5.Whichteamwillwinthefootballmatchisstillunknown.6.Itisuncertainwhenweshouldholdtheconference,inMayorJune.7.Whysomanypeopleareinterestedinbasketballiswhatwewanttoknow.8.Thatthereislifeonanotherplanetisalmostimpossible.9.ItisstillunknownwhowillbesenttotheStates.10.Whatmakemylifecolorfulintheschoolaremygoodfriendsandkindteachers.whether/that/who/which/when/why/what/how/whoever1.____makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.A.WhatB.WhoC.WhateverD.WhoeverExx2.____knowsthetruthwilltellyouaboutit.AWhoeverBWhoCThatwhoDThatwhoever3.Itisgenerallyconsideredu