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Thev–ingform用法讲练宝鸡石油中学雷扬objectiveTolearntousetheverb’s–ingformcorrectly【2011全国卷II,18】Sarahpretendedtobecheerful,______nothingabouttheargument.A.saysB.saidC.tosayD.saying【解析】句意为“Sarah假装开心,对那次争论什么也没说。”A和B项是谓语动词形式,句中没有连词,故排除;C项是作目的状语,而句中是伴随状态,故选D。【2011四川卷,2】Lindadoesn’tfeellike________abroad.Herparentsareold.A.studyB.studyingC.studiedD.tostudy【解析】句意为“Linda不愿意去国外留学,因为她的父母年纪大了。”feellikedoingsth.想要做某事,习惯表达法。因此选B。1.v-ing分词名词性功能;2.v-ing分词形容词性功能;3.v-ing分词副词性功能;4.过去分词与现在分词一般式的区别;5.过去分词与现在分词主动完成式的区别;6.过去分词与现在分词一般被动式的区别非谓语动词The–ingform考查要点非谓语动词动名词分词现在分词过去分词动词不定式1.谓语动词:概述:2.非谓语动词:在句子中担任谓语的动词是动词的特殊形式,在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分一个句子当中,已经存在一个主句(谓语动词),又没有连词的情况下,还有别的动词出现时。非谓语动词使用条件Shegotoffthebus,leavingherhandbagonherseat.Shegotoffthebus,butleftherhandbagonherseat.动名词(gerund)Ihopeyoudon’tmindmysayingit.Haveyoufinishedreadingthebook?Lookingafterthepatientsisanurse’sjob.Whenmyfatherheardthenews,hecouldn'thelplaughing.Mary’scominglatemadeherteacherangryFindoutthegerundfromthesentences.一.动名词的基本构成主动语态被动语态一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone动名词既具有动词的特点又具有名词的特点,具体表现为:1.动名词可以被定冠词和物主代词修饰Ihopeyoudon’tmindmysayingit.2.动名词可带有自己的宾语和状语Areyoufororagainsthavingthemeeting.Iinsistedonleavingatonce.二.动名词的性质三.动名词的功用1.可作主语①SeeingisbelievingReadingnewspaperscanincreaseourknowledge.nousenogoodnofun②It`s+ashame+doingawasteoftime/moneyuselessdangerous③Thereisno+doing...①Itisnouse(cry).②Itisnogood(object).③(Look)afterthepatientsisanurse`sjob.④It`sdangerous(play)withfire.⑤It`sawasteoftime(copy)other`shomework.⑥Thereisno(joke)aboutthematter.2.可作宾语①S.+vt.+doingHaveyoufinishedreadingthebook?Isuggestdoingitinadifferentway.在某些动词后要求用动名词作宾语,不能用不定式,常见的这类动词有:避免错过(少)延期avoidmissdelay/postpone建议完成(多)练习suggest/advisefinishpractise喜欢想象禁不住enjoy/appreciate/imagine/resist/can`thelp承认否定(与)嫉妒admitdenyenvy逃脱冒险(莫)原谅escape/envy/risk/pardon/excuse忍受保持(不)在意standkeep/keeponmindPeoplearenotallowedtofishhere.人们不准在这儿钓鱼。Wedon’tallowpeopletofishhere.我们不准人们在这儿钓鱼。注:在动词advise,allow,forbid(禁止),permit(允许)等后,如果没有人称宾语,后跟动名词;如果有人称宾语则后跟不定式。例如prefer…..to…..lookforwardtobeusedtoputoffgiveupS.+keepon+doingsucceedincan`thelpfeellikebebusybeworthhavedifficulty/trouble/problem(in)②作介词/短语动词的宾语:S.+v.+prep.+doinge.g.①Shesattherewithout(speak)②Ilookforwardto(see)himagain.③Areyouusedto(live)therealone?④Whenmyfatherheardthenews,hecouldn'thelp(laugh).⑤Idon`tfeellike(go)toseethefilm.⑥Hewasbusy(prepare)hislessons.③主动表被动:want(需要)need(需要)sth+require(需要)+doing使用动名词作宾语时,用主动形式表达被动含义tobedone使用不定式作宾语时,依然用被动形式表达被动含义①Theroomwants(clean).②Themethodneeds(improve).③Thispairofshoesrequire(mend).④Theproblemneeds(workout).⑤Thequestioniswellworth(discuss)beworth(值得)+doingd)动词“like,love,hate,prefer”后接动名词表示“习惯性动作”,后接不定式表示“心理或一次具体动作”。当用在should,would之后时,只跟不定式。Ilikeswimming,butIdon’tliketoswimthisafternoon.我喜欢游泳,但今天我不愿去游泳。Whatwouldyouliketoeattonight?你今晚上想吃什么?动名词的复合结构动名词前可以加一个物主代词或名词所有格来表示这个动名词逻辑上的主语,构成动名词的复合结构或动名词短语1).物主代词/名词所有格+动名词在句中作主语:Mary`scominglatemadeherteacherangry.Doyoumindmysmoking?Doyoumindmyreadingyourpaper?Theircomingtohelpwasagreatencouragementtous.2).人称代词宾格/名词+动名词在句中作宾语:I’msureofhimcomingontime.Hehasneverheardofawomanbeingapilot.Idon’tmindJack(him)going.Shehatesyoungpeople(them)smoking.1)Thesoldierwoundedinthewarhasbecomeadoctor.2)Heisapromisingyoungman.3)Theman,havingbeendisturbedsobadly,almostlosthismemory4)Wefoundtheboysleeping.分词:ParticiplesFindouttheparticiples.一分词的概述1.分词是“非谓语动词”的另一种形式,它有两种形式:现在分词(PresentParticiple)和过去分词(PastParticiple)。2.现在分词:doing过去分词:规则动词V+ed不规则动词3.分词在句中起形容词和副词的作用。在句中作表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。现在分词与过去分词的区别:1.语态上:现在分词表主动,过去分词表被动DoyouknowthewomantalkingtoTom?Thesoldierwoundedinthewarhasbecomeadoctor.2.时态上:现在分词表进行,过去分词表完成DevelopingcountryboilingwaterDevelopedcountryboiledwater二、分词的作用1作定语分词作定语有两种形式。它可以放在被修饰的名词之前,称为前置定语。有的放在被修饰的名词之后,称为后置定语。(1)前置定语Heisapromisingyoungman.Makelessnoise.There’sasleepingchild.Weonlysellusedbooks.我们只卖用过的书。(2)后置定语TheyoungmansittingbetweenJohnandMaryistheeditorofthecampusnewspaper.现在分词作定语表示动作。如果是单词,放在被修饰的名词前;如果是短语,就放在被修饰的名词之后。(3)分词短语作定语必须置于被修饰词之后,相当于一个定语从句。•Thosewhowishtojointheclubshouldsignhere(Thosewishingtojointhisclubshouldsignhere.)Theman,whohadbeendisturbedsobadly,almostlosthismemory.)•(Theman,havingbeendisturbedsobadly,almostlosthismemory.2、作表语现在分词作表语表示主语的某种性质或状态。Whatyousaidisreallyinspiring.你所说的真令从鼓舞。3、作宾语补足语可以跟宾语补足语的谓语动词有see,watch,hear,set,keep,find,have,get等词。Isawhimwalkinginthestreet.我看见他在街上走。Iheardthemsingingintheclassroom.我听见他们在教室里唱歌。Wefoundtheboysleeping.我们发现小孩睡着了。现在分词与过去分词在作状语的区别四、作状语现在分词表主动进行,过去分词表被动完成1.(Seeing/seen)fromthetopofthetower,wecanseeabeautifulfactory.(Seeing/seen)fromthetopofthetower,thefactorylooksbeautiful.2.(Hearing/heard)thebadnews,theycouldn’thelpcrying.3.(Giving/Given)moretime,wecoulddoitbetter.将下列状语从句改为非谓语短语作状语:1.Becauseshewasmovedbythehero,shedecidedtostudyharder.Movedbythehero,2.Whenhefoundthedoorlocked,hewenthome.Findingthedoorlocked,Hestartedearlyinorderthathecouldgetthereontime.inordertogetthereontime分词时态、语态的用法分词所表示的动作与谓语动词同时发生,且与其逻辑主语的关系是主动的,用现在分词的一般式,如果是被动关系,要用过去分词。1._______(look)outofthewindow,Icanseemanycarsandbuses.2.______(see)fro
本文标题:现在分词用法
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