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动名词的基本形式你知道吗?那么简单,谁不知道。是由动词末尾加-ing形式构成,因此又叫动词的-ing形式。V+-ing一、动名词的形式主动形式被动形式一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendoneMoreandmorestudentsareinterestedinlearningEnglish.(有宾语English)zxxkExcusemeforcominglate.(有状语late)动名词具有名词性质,它在句子中起着名词的作用,可单独或引起短语用作主语、表语、宾语(及物动词或介词的宾语)、定语等。Trarellingabroadcanwidenone’soutlook.Myfavouritesportisplayingtabletennis.Wouldyoumindturningofftheradio?Iamlookingforwardtohearingfromyou.动名词的否定式:在其前面加否定词“not”或“never”构成.Heinsistedonnothavingarestinspiteofhisillness.动名词的用法1.动名词(短语)作主语,可以放在句首,亦可以用it作形式主语,将用作真正主语的动名词放在句末.动名词作主语,谓语动词一般用单数形式.(It’snouse/useless/nogood/worth…doing)Walkingandswimmingaregoodexercises.Itisnouseapologizing.Itissonicetalkingtoyou.2.作表语Theonlythingsheisinterestedinisdancing.Hismostseriousproblemissmoking.Herjobistakingcareofchildren.Sheistakingcareofchildren.动名词作主语和表语一般表示比较抽象的或一般的习惯性的行为.注:动名词作表语与现在分词作表语的区别:动名词作表语时相当于名词,说明主语的含义及内容,它与主语是同等关系,主语与表语互换位置不影响句子的基本含义,但不可用副词来修饰。学科网现在分词作表语时相当于形容词,说明主语的特征、性质、状态等,主语与表语不可互换位置,但可用very,quite等副词来修饰,如:Myjobislookingafterthechildren.Ourdutyisservingthepeopleheartandsoul.Thesituationisencouraging.Thiscakeisveryinviting.做主语Smokingisforbiddenhere.Itisnousetryingagain.Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.Itisnouse\good\uselessdoing3.做宾语A.bebusy\worthdoingBeworthytobedoneBeworhyofbeingdoneb.Need\want\require+doing需要=tobedoneThissentenceneeds______.A.aimprovementB.improveC.improvingD.improvedCC.含有to的短语动词:be\getusedto,lookforwardto,objectto,getdownto,payattentionto,devotetoleadto,onthewayto,inadditionto,prefer…to…We'relookingforward___________thephotoexhibition.A.tovisitingB.tovisitC.tohavingvisitedD.visitingD.高中阶段能接-ing作宾语的常见动词:mind(介意),suggest(建议),enjoy(欣赏),admit(承认),appreciate(感激,欣赏),avoid(避免),delay(推迟),dislike(不喜欢,厌恶),escape(逃脱),finish(完成),forgive(宽恕),imagine(想象),keep(保持),miss(错过),practise(训练),resist(抵抗,抵制),risk(冒险),deny(拒绝,否认),consider(考虑),mind,suggest,allow,permit,advise,forbid,giveup,putoff,delay等。1.Theofficersnarrowlyescaped___________inthehotbattle.A.havekilledB.tokillC.tobekilledD.beingkilledD+动词后可接动名词,也可接不定式作宾语;1).love,dislike,begin,start,continue,can’tbear(无法忍受),两种结构的意义差别不大。Theybegantalking/totalkaboutsomethingelse.2).like,hate,prefer,等后,如果表示一般倾向,多用动名词作宾语;如指特定的或具体的某次行动,多用动词不定式作宾语。Idon’tlikereadingthiskindofbook.Ihatespeakingbeforealotofpeople.Ihatetospeakalottoday.3).forget/remember/regret+V-ing已做了to+V未做;Iforgotmailingyourletter.Iforgottomailyourletter.几组动词比较:1).mean+V-ing意味着mean+toV打算Beingearlymaymeanwastingalittletime.Youreallymeantogo?2).try+V-ing试着做try+to-V设法去做tryopeningthebackdoortrytodothisexercise3).can’thelp+V-ing忍不住can’thelp+to-V无法帮助Ican’thelplaughing.Ican’thelptodoit.4).stop+V-ing停止做某事(宾语)stop+to-V停下来去做(目的)5).goon+V-ing继续做同一件事goon+to-V接着做另一件事—在动名词前加上名词所有格或物主代词。1.动名词短语前面可加一个物主代词,来表示这个动名词逻辑上的主语.这种结构可用来作:Doyouthinkmycomingtherewillbeofanyhelp?(主语)4.动名词还可以作定语,如:singingcompetitionswimmingpooldiningcaropeningspeechdrinkingcuplivingroomtypingpaperwaitingroomwritingdeskwashingmachinefrying-pansleeping-pillwalkingstickteachingmethod注:动名词作定语表示被修饰名词的用途,它和名词之间没有逻辑上的主谓关系;而现在分词作定语,表示被修饰名词本身的动作、行为,它和名词之间有逻辑上的主谓关系。Oursoleworryisyourrelyingtoomuchonyourself.(表语)Pleaseexcusemyinterruptingyou.(宾语)Shewillbeastonishedatyourcominghomeinsuchamanner.(介宾)2.也可以用一个名词所有格来构成这种结构.Mary’sgrumblingannoyedhim.WhatwefeltuneasyaboutwasHsiaoLin’shavingtoomuchconfidenceinherself.TheyallthoughtTom’sgoingthereagreatmistake.DoesheobjecttoMary’sjoiningtheamateurdramagroup?3.这种结构作宾语时,常可用名词的普通格或人称代词宾格.Idon’tmindTom(him)going.IsthereanyhopeofXiaoSunpassingtheexam?注意,1).如果代词和动词在句中作直接宾语时,只能用宾格。Pardonmespeakingbluntly.Sheforgavehimsayingso.2).如果动名词逻辑上的主语是无生命的东西,就只能用普通格,不能用所有格。Isthereanyhopeofourteamwinningthegame?1.动名词的一般形式表示一般性动作(即不是明确的在过去,现在或未来将发生的动作)或是与谓语所表示的动作同时发生的动作.Theyareallinterestedinclimbingmountains.Hetookagreatdelightinhelpingothers2.如果要表示动名词代表的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生,我们通常用动名词的完成形式.Hedidn’tmentionhavingmetme.Iregretnothavingtakenheradvice.Ihavenoideaoftheirhavingdonesuchathing.2.在某些动词后如:enjoy,excuse…for,apologizefor,find,thankfor,我们常用动名词的一般形式,尽管动作是在谓语所表示的动作之前发生的。Heapologizedforinterruptingus.Thankyouforgivingussomuchhelp.3.当一个动名词逻辑上的主语所表示的是这动作的对象时。动名词一般要用被动形式。Hisbeingneglectedbythehostaddedtohisuneasiness.Hedidn’tmindbeingleftathome.4.但要注意,在want,need,deserve,require等动词后,尽管表示的是被动却用动名词的主动形式。Mypenneedsfilling.Thisproblemrequiresstudyingwithgreatcare.5.在这类结构中,动名词和句子主语有着动宾关系,因此如果这个动名词是个不及物动词,后面就还应当用一个适当的介词:Thepictureisnotworthlookingat.Whoneedslookingafter?组卷网1.Howaboutthetwoofus____awalkdownthegarden?A.totakeB.takeC.takingD.tobetaking2.-Imustapologizefor__aheadoftime.-That'sallright.A.lettingyounotknowB.notlettingyouknowC.lettingyouknownotD.lettingnotyouknowCB3.-Youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemeeting.-Well,nowIregret________that.A.todoB.tobedoingC.tohavedoneD.havingdone4.Onelearnsalanguagebymakingmistakesand________them.A.correctB.correctingC.correctsD.tocorrectDB学习计划:学习计划论坛:
本文标题:2014届高三高考英语复习计划 动名词
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