中国文化英语教程Unit-13

Lead-inTextstudyExercisesUnit13ASilentArmyLead-inHaveyouwatchedtheChineseMovieMyth《神话》)?Somescenesneartheendareshotinthisfantasticplace.Canyouguesswhereitis?Lead-inLocation:LintongDistrict,Xi’an,ShaanxiProvinceAnUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteTheEighthWonderoftheWorldACollectionofSculpturesTheTerracotta(赤陶土)ArmyortheTerraCottaWarriorsandHorses”IntroductionDiscoveryoftheTerracottaArmy(兵马俑)VividSculptureTextstudyIntroductiontheTerracottaArmyoftheFirstEmperorofQin：•Renownedasoneofthe“EightWondersoftheWorld”•Isagreatlegacyofhismilitarymight,andalsoasuperbparadigmofancientChinesesculpture.Introduction•TheTerracottaArmyisacollectionofterracottasculpturesdepictingthearmiesofQinShiHuang•Itisaformoffuneraryartburiedwiththeemperorin210–209BCandwhosepurposewastoprotecttheemperorinhisafterlife.DiscoveryoftheTerracottaArmy•Discoverytime:March1974DiscoveryoftheTerracottaArmy•TerraCottaPitNo.1wasdiscoveredbylocalvillagerswhowerediggingawellonapieceofbarrenlandinXianyang.•Theycameacrossunusualpotteryfragments.•Archaeologistssoonuncoveredonthesiteahugearmyofterracottawarriorsandhorses.•Theywereinterred(埋葬)withtheremainsoftheFirstEmperorover2,000yearsago.•Altogetherfourpits(坑)housingthousandsofterracottawarriorshavebeenunearthed.DiscoveryoftheTerracottaArmyDiscoveryoftheTerracottaArmyPitNo.1:over14,000squaremeters,thelargestpitofthe4pitsDiscoveryoftheTerracottaArmyFrontechelon(梯队):3rows,210soldierswiththecommanderinthefrontDiscoveryoftheTerracottaArmyMainbody:38columns(someaslongas180meters)About6,000soldiers(wearingsuitsofarmorandholdingbronzeweapons)DiscoveryoftheTerracottaArmyOneithersideofcentralechelon,thereisarowof180soldiers,asflanks(侧翼)oftheformationDiscoveryoftheTerracottaArmyAttheback,morethan100warriorsstand,probablypartoftherearguard.Amongtheformationare32terracottahorses,withfourdrawingawoodenwarchariot(战车).DiscoveryoftheTerracottaArmyPitNo.2wasdiscoveredinthesummerof1976.DiscoveryoftheTerracottaArmy二号坑蹲射佣出土时原状Acrouchingwarrior,justunearthedfromPitNo.2,hismartialbearinguntarnishedbythesoilstillonhisface.DiscoveryoftheTerracottaArmyIthas4battleformations,includingover1,300soldiersandhorses,morethan80warchariotsandtensofthousandsofbronzeweapons.DiscoveryoftheTerracottaArmyFormation1•EasternSections•Agroupofarchers(弓箭手)Front:60archers,standinguprightBack:160archers,squattingononelegandkneelingontheotherDiscoveryoftheTerracottaArmyFormation2(TotherightofFormation1)•Aformationof64warchariotsin8rows.•Eachchariotisdrawnby4life-sizehorses.Behindeachchariotstand3soldiers:Theoneinthemiddle-holdthereins;theothertwoonthesidesholdlong-staffedweaponsDiscoveryoftheTerracottaArmyFormation3•19chariots,264infantrymen(步兵)•8horsemen•In3rowsAtthefrontofeachhorsestandsasoldier,withonehandholdingthereinsandtheotherintheposeofpullingabow.DiscoveryoftheTerracottaArmyFormation4Aformationof108horsemenand180saddledhorsesin11rowsDiscoveryoftheTerracottaArmyPitNo.3wasalsodiscoveredinthesummerof1976.(WestofPitNo.1)•凹shape,smallest,only68warriorsinsideTHANKYOUSUCCESS2020/4/2424可编辑DiscoveryoftheTerracottaArmyPitNo.4•Anareaofabout5,000sq.m.•locatedbetweenNo.2and3VividSculpture•Theterracottawarriorsandhorsescausedasensationupontheirdiscovery,notonlybecauseoftheimpressivesizeofthearmy,butalsoduetothemasterfulcraftsmanshipofthesculptures.•TwofeaturesLife-size:soldiersabout1.85meterstall;horsesabout1.6metersinheightVariousanddistinctive:VividSculptureVariousanddistinctive:•vividexpressions;•distinctiveintermsofhairstyle,eyes,eyebrows,nose,lips,earsandbeards,showingtheirindividualage,positionandpersonality.VividSculptureTheoriginalfigureswerecolorfullypainted,butmostofthecolorwaslostafterlongyearsofburial.VividSculpture跪射俑Acrouchingarcher,inPitNo.2,afineexampleofsculpturalartofthetimeHalf-squatting,half-kneelingHairtiedinaknotSuitsofarmoroverwarrobesThepostureclearlyshowsthetensionoftheprocessofshootingVividSculpture立射俑头像Headofastandingarcher,inPitNo.2hiseyesobservingtheenemyinthedistanceHighlyalertexpressions:eyebrowslowered,nostrilsslightlyflaringearsalertVividSculptureHorses(over600)2kinds:OneforpullingchariotsOneforcavalrysteedsExercisesComprehensionCommunicationApplicationComprehensionl.SkimmingandScanningGothroughthepassagequicklyandanswerthefollowingquestionsbriefly.1)WhatisthesignificanceoftheTerracottaArmyoftheFirstEmperorofQin?ItisnotonlyagreatlegacyoftheFirstEmperorofQin'smilitarymight,butalsoasuperbparadigmofancientChinesesculpture.2)Whichofthefourpitsisthelargest?Howlargeisit?PitNo.1isthelargest,withanareaofmorethan14,000squaremeters.Comprehension3)WhatarethefourformationsinPitNo.2?ThefourformationsinPitNo.2areoneofarchersintheeast,oneofwarchariotstoitsright,abiggerchariotformationinthemiddleandaformationofhorsemenandsaddledhorsestotheleft.4)WhatwasPitNo.3probablyintendedas?PitNo.3wasprobablyintendedasheadquartersoftheleft,centralandrightdivisionsoftheentirearmy.Comprehension5)WhatisthesimilaritybetweenPitNo.3andPitNo.4?ThesimilaritybetweenPitNo.3andPitNo.4isthatbothofthemseemednottohavebeencompleted.6)WhichaspectsoftheTerracottaArmyi