高考英语备考复习--语法填空专题

专题三：语法填空高考英语备考复习TeachingObjectsToanalyze:CommonmistakesPossiblereasonsPossiblesolutions语法填空题的语篇材料多为故事类题材（广东卷近五年全为故事类题材），文字浅易，篇幅不长（200词左右)，材料中没有生僻和超纲的词汇，句子结构也不很复杂。语法填空题的内容不仅涉及语法结构，还包括构词法、篇章连贯和意义对句子结构的制约作用。试题特点试题解读语境+语法福田外国语高级中学王国平Onemorning,Iwaswaitingatthebusstop,worriedabout[61]_____(be)lateforschool.Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop,[62]_______someofthemlookedveryanxiousand[63]__________(disappoint).whenthebusfinallycame,weallhurriedonboard.Igotaplacenext[64]_______thewindow,soIhadagoodviewofthesidewalk.Aboyonabike[65]_______(catch)myattention.Hewasridingbesidethebusandwavinghisarms.Iheardapassengerbehindmeshoutingtothedriver,butherefused[66]_______(stop)untilwereachedthenextstop.Still,theboykept[67]_______(ride).Hewascarryingsomethingoverhisshoulderandshouting.Finally,whenwecametothenextstop,theboyranupthedoorofthebus.Iheardanexcitedconversation.Thenthedriverstoodupandasked,“[68]_______anyoneloseasuitcaseatthelaststop”Awomanonthebusshouted,“Oh,dear!It‘s[69]_______(I)”.Shepushedherwaytothedriverandtookthesuitcasethankfully,Fiveothersonthebusbegantalkingaboutwhattheboyhaddoneandthecrowdofstrangers[70]________(sudden)becamefriendlytooneanother.beinganddisappointedtocaughttostopridingDidme/minesuddenly题型再认识2015英语考试大纲说明样题句子结构-词类转换句子结构-词类转换意义制约：分句逻辑意义关系句子结构-词类转换语境意义-词类转换意义制约：语境意义句子结构-谓语动词句子结构-非谓语动词句子结构-非谓语动词句子结构-意义制约试题要求：阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。试题要求：阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。语法填空目的:篇章意义的理解,尤其是在上下文意义关系中应用语法知识的能力。呈现方式:200字以内的连贯篇章(故事为主)，填入一个虚词或用所给实词的适当形式填空。好处:克服了为考语法而考语法的弱点,将语法知识的考察和篇章阅读能力的考察成功地结合起来。考查学生是否能理清句子结构的语法性和句子意义的逻辑性。需分析:句子的构成成分（包括句子的基本成分和扩展成分）；句子成分之间的一致性，比如，主谓一致、时态一致等；句子的篇章制约;句子的意义制约。语境+语法What’stheusualwayyoufulfillthetaskGrammarFilling?三步完成:概读理解–分析填空–连贯检查语法词法句法章法惯用法思考：面对语法填空中如此繁杂的语法点，我们到底该怎样入手呢?语法填空以根据上下文填入恰当的动词（v.）（或其适当形式）、名词（n.）、代词(pron.)、冠词(art.)、介词(prep.)、情态动词、连词(conj.)和引导词、形容词(adj.)和副词(adv.)。考查各项语法内容。DiscusswithyourpartersabouteachgroupoftheblanksfromAtoFonyourownpaperandtrytofingeroutsomesimilarilitiesofthewordsweshouldfillin.冠词物主代词•无提示词•可数名词单数之前1.Butshequicklyrealizedthatitwasn’ther,itwasprobablythefactthatshesatin_____lastrow..(2012.广东)2.WhenIseeachildsubjecttothiskindofpressure,IthinkofDonnie.Hewas[35]____shy,nervousperfectionist.(11深圳二模)theahis考查语法点:冠词,物主代词的用法1.Thelittleboypulled[33]________righthandoutofthepocket…(10深圳一模)GroupA连词或从句引导词•无提示词•两个主谓结构连接，用连词。2.Itwasnotlong[39]_________thewaitresscamebackandthenshebegantowipedownthetableandsuddenlywassurprisedatwhatshesaw.(10深圳一模)4.Youwillnevergainsuccess_____youarefullydevotedtoyourwork(2014.湖南)beforeunless考查语法点:复合句中连接词、引导词的用法GroupB介词•无提示词•与名词相连构成介宾短语做状语,补语等•与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语3.Inshort,Ibelievethatitis[39]__________greatusetokeepadairyinEnglish…5.WhenItookthemoneyfromhergrandparents,Ilookedback[34]_________thegirl,whowasgivingmethemostoptimistic,largestsmileIhadeverseen.(11深圳一模)ofat考查语法点:介词的基本用法及搭配GroupC谓语动词•有提示词•与主语构成主谓结构1.IwascertainshewouldlikeitbecauseI[39]_______(tell)bymyclassmatesthatshelovedhotfood.(10广州一模)6.Hisfearoffailure[36]__________(keep)himfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildrenplayedwithjoyousabandon.(11深圳二模)wastoldkept考查语法点:谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致GroupD非谓语动词•有提示词•除谓语动词以外的动词形式2.Wemustalsoconsiderthereactionoftheperson[32]__________(receive)thegift.(07广州)3.…IthennoticedthatIhadjust10minutesleft[36]___________(complete)therest!(07广二模)6.Mypupils,Donnie[40]__________(include),adoredher.(11深圳二模)receivingtocompleteincluded考查语法点:非谓语动词及变形的使用GroupE词性转换•有提示词•介词,冠词,所有格后接名词,形容词修饰名词,副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子1.“Thirty-fivecents,”shesaid[36]__________(rude).(07深圳一模)2.Oneofthe[33]__________(bad)giftchoicesIevermadewasformyhighschoolEnglishteacher…(07广州一模)5.AsfarasIamconcerned,my[37]____________(suggest)isthatweshouldalwayshaveanotebookandaChinese-Englishwithineasyreach.rudelyworstsuggestion考查语法点:各类词性的正确使用及转化GroupF实词虚词一．根据句子结构，确定词性动词名词形容词副词(代词)冠词介词连词(代词)词性有提示词无提示词主+谓N./Pron.Vt.宾N./Pron.Vi.宾+prep.art.art.Adv.Adj.Adj.___________,Adv.主+谓,________________主+谓.conj./引导词主+谓,_____________.非谓语动词引导词＋从句㈠㈡二．根据上下文意义及语法，确定词形冠词定冠词,不定冠词,物主代词的用法并列句及复合句非谓语非谓语动词todo,doing,done及变形谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致连词介词介词的常用用法及词组搭配词性变化词汇,构词法谓语动词2014年广东高考英语试题：语法填空Lastyear,mybrotherandIwenttoMiamiforavacation.Someofmyfriendswhohadbeentherebeforesaid16______wasawonderfulholidaydestination.Beforewewent,wehadplannedformonths.Whenthedaycame,wewereready.Afterourplanelanded,wewenttothehotel.Wehadmadeourreservationsixmonths17______（early）,butthemanatthefrontdesksaidtherehadbeenamistake.We18____________（tell）thatourroomshadn’tbeenreservedforthatweek,19_____fortheweekafter.Ididn’tunderstand20____thiswouldhappenitearlierweretoldwhybutandmycreditcardhadalreadybeencharged21______thereservation.What’sworse,thehotelhadbeenfullybooked.Whenwewerewonderingwhattodo,themanagercameout.Shewas22_________(surprise）helpful.SheapologizedforthemistakeandgaveusaspareVIProomon23_____topfloor.Wehadneverstayedinsuchanamazingroom,andweweren’tchargedextra.Thenextday,mybrotherandIwenttothebeach24_______wewatchedsomepeopleplayvolleyball.Wegotalittle25_________________(sun