中国需要经营和治理世界的经验

中国需要经营和治理世界的经验张文木以史为鉴,可知兴替中国60多年的发展已使其政治和经济在相当规模上卷入了世界,这迫使我们不得不考虑经营和治理世界的问题经营和治理世界,尤其是经营和治理已为工业革命改变并为市场联为一体的世界,是需要区别于中国昔日曾居于主导地位的农业全球化时代的经验,而在这方面恰恰又是中国人比较欠缺而西方人又比较擅长的近代以来的世界治理经历了英国模式美苏辩证共治模式和现在已显颓势的美国模式九一一事件后,人类开始!寻找回来的世界∀:他们将目光从西方移向东方,从!希腊文明∀移向!中华文明∀,试图从东方文化中寻找有益的思想而东方,尤其是东方中国在这仅有半个多世纪的时间里所创造的巨大成就,又进一步增强了东方文化的魅力当代中国共产党人提出的!和谐世界∀的理念,无疑对矫正目前世界治理模式的片面性将产生极为有益的作用!中国应当对于人类做出较大的贡献∀为此,我们需要学习我们不仅仅要向我们的朋友学习,还要向我们的对手,特别是向曾经打败过我们和被我们打败过的对手学习在这方面,英国美国苏联等国家留下了丰富的经验和教训,这需要我们对其加以认真总结中国;经营和治理世界;经验张文木,北京航空航天大学战略问题研究中心教授(北京邮编:100191)D815A1006-9550(2010)07-0146-09#146#学术随笔2010年第7期,2008,∃%,&!∀,∋,60,(,!∀),#147#&∋(),2008,:∃%,:2008!∀:,,,!∀,,,,,,,,,!∀,∃%:!∀:!∗∗∗∗∗∗∀,,,,,(∃%3,:1972,11-12),,,,,,,∗∗∗∗∗∗,,,,,2010425,3.13,44.06%47.19%;2,33.41%39.48%584,2.77%4.42%,,,!∀,,!∀,!∀,!∀:!,+,,,∀,[],:∃%,:/2001,108102!∀,∃%1,:1972,51,&,,,,,,,,!∀∋1945,,,∃%-,!∀∗∗∗19,,#148#中国需要经营和治理世界的经验&∋:!∀,,,,(),,,,1013,,:∃%,:2004,67!∀,#A(PeterA.Coclanis):∃∗∗∗%,:∃%3,:2005:!,,,,;,,∗∗∗,,∀∃%4,:1972,233!∀:∃%,18139;:∃%,323,!∀!∀2010年第7期∗∗∗,∗∗∗,,,!∀!∀;:,,,∗∗∗∗∗∗,;,,,,,,,,,,1857∃%:!,,,,∀&!∀,,!∀∃%!,∀,∋,!∀,∗∗∗,,!∀,!∀:,!∀!∀,,,#149#&∋[]:∃%(185794),∃%12,:1962,308[]:∃%,∃%1,:1972,257!∀,&!,∀∋!∀(1956∃%:!,,∀):1997,2008,,,!∀,−∃%:!,∀.,,,,,;/#150#中国需要经营和治理世界的经验&∋()−./2010419,20!∀,∃%,!∀!∀!∀,:∃%(),:2007,47,!∀∃%2,:1991,666:∃%(19561112),∃%7,:1999,156[]:∃#%(1888),∃%4,:1972,208-209:∃%,∃%1,:1972,1919493,:!,,,,,,,,∀:∃%,∃%4,:1991,1438-14392010年第7期,,,,,,,!∀!∀,,!∀&,,,:,,!,,∀∋:!∀!∀,!∀!∀,!∀,,!∀(,!∀!∀,;!∀,!∀,,!,;,∀),,,∗∗∗!(),()∀∗∗∗,,,#151#&∋()1958∃%!∀,∃%∃#%:!,,,∀:∃%:,,,:,!∀!∀,1964515:!∀&,!∀,;,,,,,!∀:!,,(Achiviquiplectuntur),,,∀∋,!∀(,19()()(1789-1815),,,1921,,#152#中国需要经营和治理世界的经验&∋(∃%(1964616),∃%(),:1996,87[]##,:∃∗∗∗%3,:2006,127[]#,:∃%,:1983,1172010年第7期1789,,,,,,#,,:!,,,,∀&,;,,,,,,,2070,,∗∗∗∗∗∗,,40,,,,,,,,,,(:,!),,,;,#153#&[],:∃%,:1961,334,,,,,,,,,,;,,!∀!∀,,,,,,,∗∗∗,∗∗∗,,,;,,!,∀&!∀∋;,:,:!,∀(,,,,,,,,!∀,,:!,,∀),,22,?,,,[收稿日期:20100616][修回日期:20100626][责任编辑:赵远良]#154#中国需要经营和治理世界的经验&∋()∃#%∃#%:!,,,∀:∃%,∃%2,:2002,241-242∃#%senUniversity,DoctoralStudentofUnitedStatesClaremontGraduateUniversity;ShenLancheng,Ph.D.ofChinaInstituteforReformandDevelopmen.tChinaNeedsWorldManagementandGovernanceExperiencesZhangWenmu(146)AbstractWithsixtyyears,developmen,tChinahasintegratedintotheworldonaconsiderablepoliticalandeconomicscale,whichurgesustoconsiderthemanagementandgovernanceoftheworld.Today,sworldisdifferentfromtheagriculturalglobalizationperiodwhenChinatookthelead.Inmoderntimes,theworldhadexperiencedtheBritishmode,ltheco-governanceofUSandSovietUnionandthedecliningUSgovernance.AfterSeptember11,peoplebegantoshifttheirfocusfromtheWesttotheEas,tfromtheGreektoChinesecivilization,tofindsomeusefulideas.Withitsgreatachievementinthepasthalfacentury,Chinaproposedtheconceptof!harmoniousworld∀whichwillbegreatlyconducivetothereformofcurrentgovernancemodeloftheworld.Tomakegreatercontributionstotheworld,Chinaneedstolearntheexperiencesfromtheexternalworld,frombothourfriendsandopponents,fromcountrieslikeBritain,theUSandSovietUnionwhichhadrichexperiencesinworldmanagementandgovernance.KeyWordsChina,managementandgovernance,experiencesAuthorZhangWenmu,Professor,StrategicStudiesCenterinBeihangUniversity.#160#No.7,2010WorldEconomicsandPolitics