句子成分与定语从句 [定稿]

定语从句学院附中张伟抚顺学院附中’sbagisblue.Thereissomethingfunnyinthebag.TheboywhocarriesabluebagisTom.定语：修饰和限制某个名词或代词的句子成分。定语从句：修饰和限制某个名词或代词的从句。定语从句的概念在复合句中，用来修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。TheboywhocarriesabluebagisTom.先行词引导词被修饰的词引导定语从句关系副词：关系代词：定语从句的引导词thatwhichwhowhomwhenwherewhywhoseThisisXiaoWangwho/thatgaveusatalkyesterday.Themanwhom/thatyousawlastweekhasleftthetown.Guilinisacitywhich/thathasahistoryof2000years.Thecakeswhich/thatmothercookedtastenice.Iknowthewomanwhosehusbandisadoctor.指人作主语指人作宾语指物作主语指物作宾语指人作定语IstillremembertheyearwhenIleftmyhometown.指时间作状语ThatistheschoolwhereIstudiedthreeyearsago.指地点作状语Nooneknowsthereasonwhyhewaslate.指原因作状语引导词的两大特点：1.指代先行词。2.充当从句内部的句子成分。特别提示1.一般情况下，that,which,whom作宾语时可以省略。Mrs.Smith(whom)youmetyesterdayisafriendofmine.Thisisthebook(which)youarelookingfor.Therearesomefilms(that)I’dliketosee.特别提示2.关系代词which,whom在从句中作介词的宾语时，介词放在which,whom之前，关系代词通常不可省略。I’llneverforgetthedayonwhichIjoinedtheclub.3.that,which,who在从句中做主语时，不能省略。Whoistheboythat/whoistalkingwithourteacher?特别提示4.关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词用单数还是复数应由先行词决定。ThemanwholivesdownstairsspeaksEnglishwell.ThestudentswhoareinGradeThreearegoingtoclimbthehilltomorrow.5.口语中作为宾语的关系代词whom也可用who，且也可以省略。Theman(whom/who)youweretalkingabouthascometoourschool.知识拓展6.关系代词只能用that的几种情况：(只作了解)①当先行词是everything,anything,nothing,none,theone(something除外)等不定代词时。Ihadtoremembereverythingthattheteachertaughtme.②先行词被序数词或thelast修饰时。Hewasthefirststudentthatgottoschooltoday.③先行词是或被all,no,some,any,little,much,few等修饰时。Ihavedoneallthathetoldustodo.知识拓展④先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。HeworkedoutthemostdifficultproblemthatIhadseen.⑤先行词被thevery,theonly,thesame修饰时。Ineedthesamedictionarythatyouhave.⑥先行词是两个或多个分别表示人和物的名词时Hetoldusmanyinterestingthingsandpersonsthatwehadneverheard.⑦主句是以who,which引导的特殊疑问句时Whoisthemanthatyouspoketojustnow？《义务教育英语课程标准（2011版）》定语从句:能辨认出由that,which,who引导的限定性定语从句，并能够理解句子的意思。（2013抚顺市）Istillremembertheteacher_____gavemethefirstlesson.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.what（2013鞍山市）---Whatisyourmotherlookingfor?---She’slookingforthepresent______thestudentsboughtforheryesterday.A.thatB.whoC.whoseD.whom√√牛刀小试（2013本溪市）Don’tthrowawaypensanderasers______youhaven’tusedup.A.whereB.whichC.whoD.what（2013天津市）Themovie_____wesawlastnightwasfantastic.A.thatB.whatC.whoseD.who√√牛刀小试（2013泰安市）LiuYangisthefirstwomanastronaut_____hasevertraveledinspace.A.whomB.whichC.whoD.whose√牛刀小试考查范围：that,which,who主要依据：1.指代先行词。2.充当从句内部的句子成分。解题步骤Step1Step2Step3找到先行词指人（who/that）作主语（who/that）作宾语（whom/that）指物（which/that）Thankyou！学院附中张伟抚顺学院附中（2012成都市）It’sinterestingthattherearemanypeople_____speakFrenchinCanada.A.whichB.whereC.whoseD.who（2012天津市）Pleasepassmethecartoonbook_____hasaMickeyMouseonthecover.A.whomB.whoseC.whoD.which√√牛刀小试