定语从句 1学生版

Matchthetwosentences1.I’mreadingabook.ThebookisaboutBillGates._______________________________________2.Heisateacher.TheteacherteachesusChinese._______________________________________3.Idon’tliketheman.Heissmoking.____________________________________4.Whereisthepicture?Youboughtitlastweek._______________________________________I’mreadingabookthat/whichisaboutBillGates.Heisateacherwho/thatteachesusChinese.Idon’tlikethemanwhoissmoking.Whereisthepicturethatyouboughtlastweek?一个美丽的女孩abeautifulgirlbeautiful（形容词作前置定语）一个穿白色衣服的女孩agirlinwhiteinwhite（介词短语作后置定语）一个正唱歌的女孩agirlissingingwhoissinging（定语从句，agirl为先行词）定语是句子成分之一，可以由单词、短语或从句担当，对名（代）词修饰和限制。名（代）词称为中心词。形容词作定语一般前置，短语和从句作定语要后置，翻译成“……的”。另外名词、数词、非谓语动词（短语）、介词短语也可以担当定语。LiMingisaboy.LiMingisagoodboy.LiMingisagoodboy.形容词作定语介词短语作定语在复合句中，修饰一个名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。goodwithglasseswhoiswearingglasses句子作定语先行词关系词（引导词）从句Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.（被修饰的名词或代词）（跟在先行词后，引导从句的词）修饰先行词的句子定语从句分析结构：先行词+关系词+从句•ThisisthecardthatI’vejustreceived先行词关系词从句关系代词关系副词who,that,which,whom,whosewhere,when,why定语从句：由一个句子充当定语从句的位置：在名词或代词后先行词：被定语从句修饰的词关系词：引导定语从句的词关系代词关系副词关系词的作用:(1)引导定语从句(2)在从句中作一成份(3)代替先行词在从句中的位置关系代词关系副词先行词句子成份省否who人主语/宾语关系代词在句中作宾语可以省略whom人宾语which物主语／宾语that人／物主语／宾语whose人／物定语when时间词状语where地点词状语why原因词（reason）状语关系词一“表”打尽牛刀小试1.Theteacher_______teachesusEnglishgraduatedfromLSE.2.Thebuilding_______standsnearthepostofficeisabank.3.TheChangjiangGorgesisabeautifulplace_________peopleallovertheworldlookforwardtovisiting.4.Doyoubelievethereason________heexplainedforhisabsence?“优优三步法”秒杀定语从句1.确定先行词：空格之前的单词或词组2.将先行词带入定语从句，还原从句为完整句子3.根据先行词在还原句中的成分确定引导词步骤二步骤三Inwhich=where步骤一先行词house，带入句子Thisisthehouse_______Ilive.关系代词that,which引导的定语从句:如果先行词是表示物的名词或代词，关系代词应用that、which.(作主语或宾语)Thisisadream.Thedreamwillnevercometrue.Thisisadreamwhich/thatwillnevercometrue.Thedoghasbeenfound.Thedogwaslost.Thedogwhichwaslosthasbeenfound.which/that作主语.(不能省)（作主语）which/that作宾语：（可省略）Thisisthecard.I’vejustreceivedthecard.Thisisthecardwhich/thatI’vejustreceived.()（作宾语）关系代词who,that,whom引导的定语从句:如果先行词是表示人的名词或代词，关系代词应用who,that(作主语或宾语)whom(作宾语)who/that作主语.(不能省)Thisisthefilmstar.ThefilmstarisverypopularinChina.ThisisthefilmstarwhoisverypopularinChina.(作主语)/thatwho/whom/that作宾语：(可省略)Themanisafamouswriter.Hedescribedthemanjustnow.Theman(who/whom/that)hedescribedjustnowisafamouswriter.(作宾语）小结：•that－既可指人，也可指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。•which－指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略.•who－指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略,（常用whom）注:当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。whose作定语,表示所属关系。Theboyismyclassmate.Theboy’sfatherisapoliceman.Theboywhosefatherisapolicemanismyclassmate.