2014八下英语Unit8现在完成时讲解与练习

Unit8阶段专题复习现在完成时【观察领悟】仔细观察例句并完成下面的句子。1.—HaveyoureadAliceinWonderland?—Yes,Ihave.Ialready(read)it.2.Tina(decide)whichbooktoreadyet?3.Eversincethen,Tom(be)afanofNBA.4.We(live)hereforthreeyears.答案:1.have;read2.Has;decided3.hasbeen4.havelived重点语法指南【探究总结】1.现在完成时的用法。(1)表示过去已经发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,常与already,ever,before,just,yet,never等词连用。(2)表示过去已经开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态,可以和表示延续的时间状语(如for+时间段,since+时间点等)连用,此时谓语动词多是延续性动词,但在否定结构中可使用非延续性动词。2.现在完成时的构成。(1)肯定句式:助动词have/has+过去分词(2)否定句式:haven’t(hasn’t)+过去分词(3)疑问句式:把助动词have(has)提前。一般疑问句的肯定回答用:Yes,主语+have(has).否定回答用:No,主语+haven’t(hasn’t).有时可用No,notyet或No,never.3.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别。(1)现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,强调的是“现在”的情况,不能和过去的时间状语连用。(2)一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作。强调的是“过去”的情况,常和过去的时间状语(如yesterday,lastyear,threeweeksago等)连用。since:(自…以来)1)since+时间点Hehasstayedheresince5o’clock.2)since+时间段+agoHehasstayedheresince5hoursago.3)since+从句ShehastaughtEnglishsincehecamehere.for:(长达）for+时间段Hehaskeptthebookfor2weeks.since,for的用法:Takenotes用for或since填空1.Mr.BrownhashadhisTV________15years.2.I’vetakendrivinglessons_________lastmonth.3.Mysisterhashadhercellphone________amonth.4.Myfriendshaven’tvisitedme___________mybirthday.5.Wehaven’tusedourcar________alongtime.6.Shehasn’thadagoodcupofcoffee_________years.7.Tomhaswornglasses_________hewas7yearsold.forsinceforsinceforforsince实义动词分为:1)瞬间动词2)延续动词瞬间动词joinbegin/startborrowfinish/endarrive/comeleave注意:瞬间动词不能和时间段连用.method1:动作状态diebeoverleaveborrow/buyarrivebeginend/finishjoinmarrykeep/hadbeawaybeherebeon(上演）bemarriedbeinbedead1.他的爷爷已经去世2年了。2.Nick参军3年了.3.他离开深圳好长时间了。4.这本书我已借了4个月了.Hisgrandpahasbeendeadfor2years.Nickhasbeeninthearmyfor3years.HehasbeenawayfromShenzhenforalongtime.Ihavehad/keptthebookfor4months.1.TheEnglishprofessorarrivedhereaboutaweekagoTheEnglishprofessor_________hereforaboutaweek.2.Herhusbandstartedtoworkonthefarmthreehoursago.Herhusband__________onthefarmforthreehours.3.TheFrenchmusiciancametoChinalastmonth,andheisstillhere.TheFrenchmusician______________Chinaforamonth.4.Hejoinedthearmyin1985.He______________thearmy____1985.5.HejoinedtheLeaguehalfayearago.HehasbeenaLeague____________halfayear.改写句子，使原句的意思不变，每空一词。hasbeenhasworkedhasbeeninhasbeeninsincememberfor6.Thebusleftfiveminutesago.Thebus_____already_________forfiveminutes.7.ThegirlboughtanewschoolbaginSeptember.Thegirl_________theschoolbagsinceSeptember.8.Theshopclosedlastwinter.Theshop_________________sincelastwinter.9.Thefilmbegantenminutesago.Thefilm______________fortenminutes.10.Thedogdiedtwodaysago.Thedog__________________fortwodays.11.Themeetingendedlastmonth.Themeeting_________________foramonth.hasbeenawayhashadhasbeenclosedhasbeenonhasbeendeadhasbeenoverLearningmoreaboutpresentperfecttense.1A:Whereisyourfather?Steve?B:Oh,hehasgonetoShanghaiforameeting.Thepersonisnothere.2A:Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays,Tom?B:IhavebeentoTibet.A:Oh,really?Wasitgreatfun?B:Yes,veryexciting.Thepersonhascomebackandheishere.IhaveneverbeentoLondonbefore.ShehasbeentoChinamanytimes.havebeentoswh.:曾经去过某地，已经回来．hasgonetoswh.:某人去了某地，还没有回来．【实战演练】Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空1.Thestudents(visit)themuseumbefore.2.Myfamily(buy)anewhouselastyear.3.thegirlever(break)schoolrules?4.Myfather(be)ateacherfor20years.5.Mike(live)heresince1992.答案:1.havevisited2.bought3.Has;broken4.hasbeen5.haslivedⅡ.完成句子1.我已经吃过早餐了。Ialreadymybreakfast.2.他以前读过那本书。Hethatbookbefore.3.我朋友还未离开。Myfriend.答案:1.have;eaten2.hasread3.hasn’tleftyet4.两天前他完成了他的工作。Hehisworktwodaysago.5.我们从九岁起就学英语。WeEnglisheversincewewere9.答案:4.finished5.havelearned/studiedⅠ.词汇速记1.珠宝;财富(n.)2.唱片;记录;录制(n.&v.)3.别的;其他的(adv.)4.在国外;到国外(adv.)5.France(n.)→(n.)法语6south(n.)→(adj.)南方的7.beautiful(adj.)→(n.)美;美丽答案:1.treasure2.record3.else4.abroad5.French6.southern7.beauty单元达标闯关Ⅱ.短语互译1.流行音乐music2.一个……迷a3.属于to4.把……介绍给……...to...5.onpage256.bedueintwoweeks7.runtowards8.apieceofland答案:1.pop2.fanof3.belong4.introduce5.在第25页6.预期在两周以后7.朝……跑去8.一块陆地Ⅲ.句型攻关1.——你读过《金银岛》吗?—youreadTreasureIsland?——不,我没读过。—No,I.2.你应该赶紧点。计划预定两周后就得交。Youshould.Theplanintwoweeks.答案:1.Have;yet;haven’t2.hurryup;isdue3.还有谁在操场上?isontheplayground?4.自从那时起,她就成了一位音乐教师。then,sheateacherofmusic.5.吉娜没去过北京。GinaBeijingyet.答案:3.Whoelse4.Eversince;hasbeen5.hasn’tbeento1.(2013·湖州中考)Juliaisn’tgoingtothecinemawithusbecauseshethefilm.A.seesB.sawC.willseeD.hasseen【解析】选D。考查动词时态。句意:朱丽叶将不和我们去电影院了,因为她看过这部电影了。这表明过去“看”的动作对现在造成了结果,现在知道这部电影的内容了,因此用现在完成时,故选D。2.(2013·凉山中考)—WhyisMr.Yangstillintheteachers’office?—Maybehehisworkyet.A.doesn’tfinishB.hasn’tfinishedC.haven’tfinished【解析】选B。考查动词时态。句中的时间状语yet用于否定句表示“尚未;还”,且指到目前为止的动作,谓语动词用现在完成时态,且主语为he,故选B。3.(2013·潍坊中考)DiaoyuIslandsChinaeversinceancienttimes.A.belongtoB.belonginC.belongunderD.belongwith【解析】选A。考查固定结构。属于……是belongto,所以选择答案A。4.(2013·扬州中考)—Mr.Li,Ican’tunderstandeverythinginclass.—Don’tworry!I’llthemainpointsattheend.A.recordB.receiveC.requireD.remember【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。record“记录”;receive“收到”;require“要求”;remember“记住”。答句句意:不要担心!最后我会把要点记录下来的。