工厂三维建模及其事故模拟

20120101ChinaSafetyScienceJournalVol.20No.1Jan.2010312111(1,1000292,511455):6202740():X928.03:A:(2007BAK22B04)Microstation,,,(CFD)FLACS,,,,;,;,;;;Three2dimensionalModelingofFactoriesandItsAccidentNumericalSimulationLUOAi2min1,SeniorEngineerJIABao2xia2,SeniorEngineerWUHao1DUOYing2quan1,SeniorEngineerWEILi2jun1,Prof.(1ChinaAcademyofSafetyScience&Technology,Beijing100029,China2AdministrationofWorkSafetyofGuangzhouNanshaDistrict,Guangzhou511455,China)Abstract:A3-dimentionalmodelingforacertainchemicalfactorywasconductedbyusingMicrostationsoftware.Withconsiderationontheimportantinfluencefactorssuchasoutsidewinddirection,windspeed,anddifferentpositionsofignitionsource,thegaseousleakageprocessofthepoisonous,flammableandexplosivevinylchloridefromthereliefvalveofstoragetank,andtheleakage,evaporation,diffusionandexplosionprocessoftheliquidvinylchloridefromthepipelineofthestoragetankbottomweresimula2tedwiththesoftwareFLACSofComputationalFluidDynamics(CFD).Thesimulationresultsshowthat,forthesphericaltankofliquefiedgasesvinylchlorideatroomtemperature,theleakageofvinylchloridefromthereliefvalveofstoragetankwillnotcausefireandexplosion;butforagivenliquidleakageofvinylchloridefromthepipeline,thegascloudcausedbyevaporationanddiffusionofvinylchloridemaycauseanexplosion.Ifthereisaweakconstraintcondition,theexplosionshockwavewillberatherfeeble.Thisstudycanprovideprecisefoundationfortheriskanalysis,safetyplan,emergencyrecoveryandaccidentinvestigationofchemicalenterprises.Keywords:three2dimensionalmodeling;accidentconsequence;numericalsimulation;safetyplan0,,,,,,3:1003-3033(2010)01-0031-05;:2009-10-12;:2009-12-314[1]:,,,;,,();,;,:,,,,,,,(QRA)CFD[2],CFD[3]ValerioCozzani(dominoeffect),[4]Ste2venR.HannaFLACSCFD,,[5],,,,[6-7]1,,:,,,:,,121(5000m3,21.6m,0.7MPa,0.5MPa,0.8),(),3,,2.1Microstation[8],()(),,,,2231000m(X)450m(Y)40m(Z),3323ChinaSafetyScienceJournal2020102.2,2.2.1,,,[9]:Wr=CKdrPdrKbKc13.16MTZAs,Wr,kg/h;C;K;Kdr;Pdr,MPa;Kb;Kc;M,kg/kmol;T,;Z;As,mm22.2.2,,14Bernoulli,[10]QL=CdArL2(P1-Pa)L+2gh,QL,kgs-1;Cd;Ar,m2;L,kg/m3;P1,Pa;Pa,Pa;h,m2.3,:,,,,,442.4:22;()SE(17.45%),(9.51%),(11%);SE2.0m/s;N2.35m/s;S1.8m/s;D;0.5m3GexConFLACS,,CFD[11-12],3.15M1,M24M25-,:(4)62.5kg/s,2.0m/s,10min,-X()M1690s177610-6;M24156s395510-6,M25139s452210-66,,331:(3.6%33%),FLOWVISH=0.6m(Z=14),2.6m(Z=16),4.6m(Z=18)6.6m(Z=20)4,PC-STEL25mg/m3LFL3.6%,,7240s3.2(GE-QRA),(),,,420min,58520m3,8876m110m7m,,1200s,0.2m9M22,M23-,M22,M23-9M223.97s0.001bar,6.0s40PaM234.0s0.001bar,5.9s50Pa,,43ChinaSafetyScienceJournal2020104,,(),,,,,,ALOHA,SLAB,(),,,:1),,Domino,2),(QRA),,3),4),,23%[13],,,,5,T-Solution(GexCon)(),[1][S].SH/T3053,2002.[2]Hansen,O.R.,Talberg,O.,Bakke,J.R..CFD-basedmethodologyforquantitativegasexplosionriskassessmentincongestedprocessareas:examplesandvalidationstatus[A].InternationalConferenceandWorkshoponModelingtheConsequencesofAccidentalReleasesofHazardousMaterials,AIChE/CCPS[C],1999:457-477.[3]NORSOKZ-013.RiskandEmergencyPreparednessAnalysis[N].Norsokstandard.AvailablefromStandardNorge,Postboks242,N-1326Lysaker,Norway,2001.[4]ValerioCozzani,GianfilippoGubinelli,GiacomoAntonioni,at.al.Theassessmentofriskcausedbydominoeffectinquantitativeareariskanalysis[J].JournalofHazardousMaterials,2005,127(1-3):14-30.[5]StevenR.Hanna,OlavR.Hansen,MathieuIchard,DavidStrimaitis.CFDmodelsimulationofdispersionfromchlorinerailcarreleasesinindustrialandurbanareas[J].AtmosphericEnvironment,2009,43(2):262-270.[6],,,.[J].,2007,3(5):43-46.[7],,,.[J].,2008,18(1):95-99.[8].MicroStation[M].:,2008.8:99.[9],,.[M].:,2008:150-180.[10].-CFD[M].:,2004:7-123[11]C.J.H.VandenBosch,R.A.P.M.Waterings.Methodsforthecalculationofphysicaleffects[M].(YellowBook),CPR14E,2005:3.19-3.28.[12]T-SOLUTION.FLACS-[R],2007.[13]TrevorKletz.Whatwentwrong2Casehistoriesofprocessplantdisasters[M].Butterworth2Heinemann,1999:180-190.531:,,19671019896(),,2,,10,,,1995,19992000BNFL,2006ILO()863,,19782,2002,2004,,2007,10,,,196912,2005,(),,,1978419962000,20002003,,2007,,,,2,1,1,20,EI,ISTP5,,19798,20044,,20079,,,1,7