高中英语高考语法填空解题技巧

2014甘肃高考英语新题型语法填空思考与训练一、练习与思考广东省英语高考样题阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡上标号为31-40的相应位置。（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）Thirty-twopeoplewatchedKittyGenovese36(kill)rightbelowtheirwindows.Shewas37neighbor.Yet38ofthe32helpedher.Notoneevencalledthepolice.JohnBarleyandBibFatanewentbeyondtheheadlinestoresearchintothe39whypeopledidn’tact.Theyfoundthatapersonhastogothroughtwosteps40hecanhelp.Firsthehastonoticethatitis41emergency（紧急情况）.Isthesmokecomingintotheroom42aleakintheairconditioning?Isit“steampipes”?Orisitreallysmokefromafire?It’snotalwayseasytotellifyouarefacedwitharealemergency.Second,and43important,thepersonfacedwithanemergencymustfeelpersonally44(responsibility).Hemustfeelthathemusthelp,45thepersonwon’tgetthehelpheneeds.Thirty-twopeoplewatchedKittyGenovese36(kill)rightbelowtheirwindows.Shewas37neighbor.Yet38ofthe32helpedher.Notoneevencalledthepolice.JohnBarleyandBibFatanewentbeyondtheheadlinestoresearchintothe39whypeopledidn’tact.Theyfoundthatapersonhastogothroughtwosteps40hecanhelp.Firsthehastonoticethatitis41emergency（紧急情况）.killedtheirnonereasonbeforeanIsthesmokecomingintotheroom42aleakintheairconditioning?Isit“steampipes”?Orisitreallysmokefromafire?It’snotalwayseasytotellifyouarefacedwitharealemergency.Second,and43important,thepersonfacedwithanemergencymustfeelpersonally44(responsibility).Hemustfeelthathemusthelp,45thepersonwon’tgetthehelpheneeds.frommostresponsibleor二、分析与研究请找出文章中考到的考点：•非谓语动词•代词•名词•连词•冠词•介词•形容词语法填空题可能考到的还有：副词、习惯用语、特殊句型等。1个2个1个2个2个1个1个1、阅读/理解语篇的能力;2、分析句子结构的能力;3、熟练运用语法的能力。语法填空题—能力要求从语法角度去考虑，填的是语法词，包括功能词（虚词）和词形变换（实词）两个方面。不限定一个词。语法填空题—解题方向•1、快速浏览全文，把握文章大意和作者写作意图，总体时态；•2、细读短文、分析句子结构并根据上下文确定要填的词。•3、快速复读文章，核查答案。2.语法填空题—解题步骤3.语法填空题—空格设计纯空格介词，连词，代词，冠词，从句引导词，情态动词，强调组动词等有提示词谓语动词，非谓语动词，名词，形容词，副词，形容词或副词的比较级或最高级★有提示词的解题技巧分析句子结构上下文语境谓语动词（时态和语态）非谓语动词名词，形容词，副词，形容词或副词的比较级或最高级有提示词技巧1①：句中没有谓语，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的词与已存在谓语主语一致，且中间有并列或转折连词时，需填的词则是谓语动词。时态考虑要瞻前顾后。例1.ThatwasdefinitelynotanattractiveideasoIpolitelydeclinedherinvitation,_________(close)mybookandwalkedaway.closed例2.Allovertheworld,peoplemovefromplacetoplace.Moreandmorepeople__________(leave)townsandfarmstomovetocities.Thismovement(move)tocitiesiscalledurbanization.areleaving例3.Smallercarsarejustoneofthedirectionsthatthecarindustryistaking.Alsotheindustry___________________(produce)carsthatpollutelessandhavealessharmfuleffectontheenvironmentthesedays.isproducing例4.Smallercarsarejustoneofthedirectionsthatthecarindustryistaking.Alsotheindustry___________________(produce)carsthatpollutelessandhavealessharmfuleffectontheenvironmentthesedays.isproducing例8.…….Thecountrylifehewasusedto____________（change）greatlysincetheopeningpolicy.haschanged技巧2：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用doing形式，done形式，还是todo形式。非谓语的形式一定要考虑它与其逻辑主语之间的关系。例9.……____________(complet)theprojectasplanned,we’llhavetoworktwomorehoursaday.Tocomplete例11.Somepeoplesaythatoldestchildren,whoaresmartandstrong-willed,areverylikely_____________(success.)tosucceed注意：作目的状语或者在固定结构中，一般用todo形式。例10.Theyoungstudentdidallthathecould______(pass)theexaminations.topass例12.Hesawthestone,______(say)tohimself:“Thenightwillbeverydark.”saying注意：分词作伴随状语，原因状语，条件状语等时，要看它与逻辑主语的关系确定形式。learned注意：分词做后置定语也要看它与被修饰词之间的关系确定形式。例17.…….Lessons_________(learn)insportscanhelpusinourdealingwithotherpeople.技巧2：词类转换题要先确定在句中的成分。dangerous例19.Ina_________(danger)partoftheseaoffthecoastofNewZealand,theylearntto……例20.Theremustbesomething_________(serious)wrongwithoursociety.seriously例21.…….ZhengShouying,aprofessorattheFordScienceandTechnologyCollegeofNanjingAgricultureUniversity,believesChineseshouldlearntopickthebestmilkfromthe__________(vary)thatfillstoreshelves.例23.Theotherfrogwentonjumpingashardashecould….Hejumpedeven________(hard)andfinallymadehimselfout.unnecessary例22.Yourmistakecausedalotof____________(necessity)workintheoffice.四、实践与提高•CharlieChaplindevelopedhisownmannerofacting,theonethatwastobecomeworld-famous.Heworeasmallblackhat,verywidetrousers,amoustacheandcarriedastickthatheswungintheair__1__hewalked.Duringhisfirstyear,Chaplinactedin35films,manyof__2___hewroteanddirectedhimself.Chaplin’searliestfilms__3____silent,__4___theequipmentforaddingsoundtofilmshadnotyetbeendeveloped.aswhichwerebecauseThe___5_____(develop)offilmswithsoundbecameaproblemforChaplin,ashewasuncertainabout__6___(make)filmswithdialogue.Instead,hecontinuedtomakefilmswithoutdialogue,butheaddedmusic.Chaplin’slaterfilms,__7____,werenotwellreceived.Hemadeonlysixfilms__8____1940and1966andonlythefirstoftheseisstillpopulartoday.Beforehediedin1977,he___9__(honour)inanumberofwaysfor__10___contributionstothefilmindustry.developmentmakingHowever,betweenhiswashonouredAt3:42a.m.everythingbegantoshake.Itseemed1theworldwas____2___anend!Elevenkilometers____3_____(direct)belowthecitythegreatestearthquakesofthe20thcenturybegan.ItwasheardinBeijing,____4___isonehundredkilometersaway.One-thirdofthenationfeltit.Ahugecrackthatwaseightkilometerslongandthirtymeterswidecut__5____houses,roadsandcanals.thatatdirectlywhichacrossSteamburstfrom6(hole)intheground.Hardhillsofrockbecam