《动词不定式》课件

Infinitive动词不定式知识梳理形式主动式被动式与谓语动作的关系一般式todotobedone动作发生在谓语动作之后进行式tobedoing/与谓语动作同时发生完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone动作发生在谓语动作之前Pickouttheinfinitivesinthesentencesandtelltheirfunctions.1.HepretendedtobereadingattentivelywhenIcamein.2.ItisofgreathelpforustolearnEnglishwell.3.Ididn’texpectMarytoinvitemetoherbirthdayparty.4.Shelistenstonewseverydaysoastofindoutwhat’sgoingon.5.Thecartobeboughtisforhissisters.6.Theimportantthinginlifeistohaveagreataim,andthedeterminationtoattainit.(宾语）(主语）(宾补）(状语）(定语）(表语）不定式可作主、宾、表、定、状、补语。起名词，形容词和副词的作用。归纳不定式不定式在句中的作用Itisnecessarytotellhimthetruth.Totellhimthetruthisnecessary.主语练习1.再次见到你真高兴。It’snice/good/agreatpleasuretoseeyouagain.2.他们那样做是不明智的。Itisunwise___________________.Itis+n/adj.(for/ofsb.)todoTogiveupsmokingisright.Itisrighttogiveupsmoking.不定式的用法ofthemtodolikethat不定式在句中的作用2.Ineedtoattendthemeeting.宾语练习他们决定周末去野餐。Theyhave_______________________attheweekend.Shewantstoseethenewmovie.decide,/determine,learn,want,expect/hope/wish,refuse,manage,care,pretend,offer,promise,choose,plan,agree,ask/beg,help/afford,strive,happen,wait,threaten他拒绝借给我自行车。They______________mehisbike.不定式的用法decidedtohaveapicnicrefusedtolendV+todo(5+3P60)决心学会想希望,拒绝设法愿假装.学会答应选计划,同意请求帮一帮.不定式在句中的作用3.Haveyougotanyquestionstoask?Ihavenochairtositon.练习没什么可担心的。Thereisnothingtoworryabout.定语Betty是第一个知道真相的人.Bettywasthefirsttoknowthetruth.不定式的用法修饰抽象名词如：ability,answer,reply,chance,excuse,idea,moment,reason,time,promise,attempt,way等+todo(5+3P61)我没机会外出观光。Ihavenochancetogosightseeing.不定式在句中的作用4.ThebestwaytolearnEnglishistomakefriendswithanativespeaker.表语练习我的目标是考入北大。她的梦想是当一名设计师。Mygoalis______________________.Herdreamis__________________.不定式的用法tobeadmittedtoBeijingUniversitytobecomeadesigner不定式在句中的作用5.Ididn'texpectMarytoinvitemetoherbirthdayparty.宾补练习你可以让你姐姐帮你一下。Youcanaskyoursistertohelpyou.我总是劝他戒烟。Ialwaysadvisehimtogiveupsmoking.advise,allow,ask,beg,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,invite,order,persuade,permit,prefer,tell,want,warn,wish,wouldlikesb.todo(5+3P62)不定式的用法注意有些动词后面的不定式不带to，如feel（一感）hear,listento（二听）make,have,let（三让）see,watch,notice,observe（四看）.Iheardthemsingapopsong.Theteachermademeanswerthequestion.Wewatchedthemplayfootball.不定式的用法1.---CanIhavethedocumentrightnow?----Ofcourse.WaitaminuteandI’llhavemysecretary_____itforyou.A.toprintB.printingC.printedD.print2.Wetriedhard,andeventually,wewereabletogetMike____ushiscarforjustaday.A.lendingB.lendC.tolendD.lentPractice不定式在句中的作用练习我匆忙赶到汽车站，只是发现汽车刚刚离开。He’sgonetotheofficetoaskquestions.Ihurriedtothebusstop,onlytofindthebushadjustleft.6.Shelistenstothenewseverydaysoastofindoutwhat'sgoingon.7.Iwasdisappointedtohearthenews.状语他去办公室问问题去了。不定式的用法动词不定式的时态1.Iopenedthedoortoentertheroom.2.Mr.Smithisgoingtoattendthemeetingtobeheldtomorrow.㈠.一般式(todo).所表示的动作或状态与谓语动词同时或之后发生。不定式的用法㈡.进行式(tobedoing)1.Iamverygladtobeworkingwithyou.2.Heissaidtobestudyingabroad.不定式所表示的动作与谓语动作同时进行。动词不定式的时态不定式的用法动词不定式的时态㈢.完成式（tohavedone)1.Iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong.2.YouseemedtohavereadthenovelwrittenbyMr.Smith.不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前。不定式的用法动词不定式的语态1.Nearlyhalfamillionpeoplearebelieved______theirhomesasaresultofthedisaster.A.ToleaveB.tobeleftC.TobeleavingD.tohaveleft2.Anarmyspokesmanstressedthatallthesoldiershadordered____clearwarningsbeforefiringanyshots.(2003上海)A.tohaveissuedB.beingissuedC.toissueD.tobeissued不定式的使用动词不定式的语态㈠.主动式(todo/tobedoing/tohavedone)1.WewanttolearnEnglishwell.2.Heisthefirststudenttohavegottheprize.3.Wedidn’texpectyoutobewaitingforushere.4.Shewishedtohavebeenreadingasmuchastheothers.当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的执行者或发出者时.不定式的使用(二)被动式tobedone/tohavebeendone1.Heclaimed____inthesuppermarketwhenhewasdoingshoppingyesterday.（上海98）A.beingbadlytreatedB.treatingbadlyC.tobetreatedbadlyD.tohavebeenbadlytreated.2.Thetransportationwillimprovealotinthiscity,withtwonewroads_____inthenearfuture.A.toconstructB.beingconstructedC.tobeconstructedD.constructing不定式的用法当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时.不定式的其他用法1.和疑问词连用Itisusefultoknowhowtodrive.Toknowhowtodriveisuseful.你决定穿什么参加去参加面试了吗？Haveyoudecidedwhattoweartotheinterview?没人告诉我在哪买票。Nobodytoldmewheretobuytheticket.decide,discuss,explain,findout,learn,show,teach,tell,wonderwhether/what/who/how/where/whentodo其他用法2.和否定词连用不定式的其他用法Weturneddownthemusicinordernottodisturbtheneighbors.nottodo1.妈妈让他不要花太多的时间玩电脑游戏。MothertoldhimnottospendtoomuchtimeonPCgames.2.他假装没看见我。Shepretendednottoseeme.其他用法1.不定式的完成和进行式1.给你添了这么多麻烦，真对不起。I’msorrytohavebroughtyousomuchtrouble.2.我们没想到你已经请了他。Wedon’texpectyoutohaveinvitedher.3.据报道他们正在这个地区修建另外一条铁路。Theyarereportedtobebuildinganotherrailwayacrosstheregion.4.我们很高兴这一段时间和你一起学习。Wearehappytohavebeenstudyingtogetherwithyou.练习巩固不定式的其他用法2.不定式的被动形式1.我被邀请到这里讲学，深感荣幸。Itisanhonourformetobeaskedtogivealecturehere.2.这个问题还有待解决。Theproblemremainstobesolved.3.每年有很多毕业生要求被派到最需要的地方工作。Alotofgraduatesasktobesenttoworkwheretheyaremostneededeveryyear.4.据报道，又有一所小学已经在汶川建成。AnotherprimaryschoolisreportedtohavebeenbuiltforChildreninWenchuan.练习巩固3.不定式在一些特殊句型中的运用：①…too…to…(TextbookP59.Ex.4)②…enoughto…(P59.Ex.5)③Itisadj.forsb.to…④Itisadj.ofsb.to…⑤Sb./Sth.issaid/reportedto…难点突破4.动词不定式不带to的特殊情况：(1)在介词but,ex