(推荐)高三英语专题复习阅读理解的应试技巧

高三英语专题复习ReadingComprehension阅读理解•文章体裁丰富，一定要有记叙文、说明文和应用文。题材多样，会涉及到奇文轶事、家庭趣事、社会现象、自然现象、科学发现、健康与疾病、游记广告等等。•阅读理解的总阅读量仍然在２０００字左右，文字难度保持稳定，但要求同学具有分析长难句子的能力。•文章都是没有改编的原汁原味的原文，体现了现代英语的特点，加大了内容的复杂程度，反映了现代科学及现实生活中的新发展新变化。要求考生具备一定的科学文化知识和英美国家的风俗习惯以及文化背景常识。考纲导航针对阅读能力，要求考生能：•1）理解语篇主旨大意•2）理解文章具体信息•3）根据上下文推断生词的词义•4）作出简单判断和推理•5）理解文章的基本结构•6）理解作者的观点、意图和态度•7）根据文中提供的信息用恰当的词语完成与短文相关的图表4推断题5观点态度题3词义／语义判断题2细节理解题1主旨大意题题型动态分析1主旨大意题•文章主旨给出的四种形式:文首,文中,文尾,没有明确主旨,需总结.•虽然作者表达主题思想的方式不同，但命题常用的提问方式有以下几种：•What’sthemainidea/subject/topicofthepassage?•Themainideaofthepassageis…•Thepassageismainlyabout_____.•Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?•Thebesttitleforthepassageis/mightbe____.•Theauthor’smainpurposeofwritingthispassageis____.做题要领•文章主旨通常会出现在文首,文中或文尾，因此寻找主题句或主题段往往是做好此类题的关键。•但当文中没有直接出现主题句，应对文章意思全面理解后归纳概括主旨，但不能太笼统即不切主题,言过其实或以偏概全。return小试牛刀1Ifyouwereplanningtobuyatelevisionset,thefollowingadvertisementwouldcertainlyattractyourattention:ColorTV,only$79.Two-daysale.Hurry.However,whenyougotothestorereadytobuy,youmaydiscoverthattheadvertisedsetsaresoldout.Butthesalesmanisquicktoreassureyouthathehasanothermodel,amorereliablesetwhichisjustrightforyou.Itcosts$359.Thissalestacticiscalledbaitandswitch.Buyersarebaitedwithasalesoffer,andthentheyareswitchedtoanothermorecostlyitem.Buyingitemsonsalerequirescarefulconsiderationofthemerchandise（商品）andthereasonsforthesale.1.Whichsentencebestexpressesthemainidea?A)Thecustomermustbeonhisguardwhenpurchasingitemsonsale.B)Colortelevisionsetswhichsellfor$79aresoldoutquickly.C)Manystoresusethebaitandswitchtechniquetoattractcustomers.D)Anyoneplanningtobuyatelevisionsetshouldlookforasale.return小试牛刀2Aftercompletinghiscollegestudies,LarryBirdbeganplayingprofessionalbasketballforthebostonceltics.HeremainedwiththeCelticsforallhisprofessionalcareer.Duringthose13years,LarryBirdwasnamedtheMostValuablePlayeroftheYearthreetimes.Hescoredmorethan21,000points,andheplayedin13ofthehighestscoringgamesinhisteam’shistory.Oncehescored60pointsinjustonegame.56.ThemainideaofthesecondparagraphisthatLarryBird_____.A.wasthenamedtheMostValuablePlayeroftheYearB.wasstrongandtallC.wasgoodatshootingbasketsD.wastheoldestplayeroftheteam2细节理解题这类题目是针对文章的具体事实和细节而出,因此通常能在文章中直接或间接地找到答案.此类要求查找重要事实和细节的试题通常以下列形式提出：•Whichofthefollowingstatementsis(not)trueaccordingtothepassage?•Whichofthefollowingis(not)discussed/Mentionedinthepassage?•Accordingtothepassage,what/where/Which/who/why/when/how…?•Allofthefollowingare(not)true/mentioned/discussedexcept_________.•Howdoestheauthor/writerfeelabout___?小试牛刀1(07年高考北京卷）Lyinginthesunonarock,thecougar(美洲狮)sawJebandhisson,Tom,beforetheysawit.Jebputhisbagdownquicklyandpulledhisjacketopenwithbothhands,makinghimselflookbigtothecougar.Itworked.Thecougarhesitated,readytoattackJeb,butreadytoforgetthewholething,too.63.WhydidJebpullhisjacketopenwhenhesawthecougar?A.Togetreadytofight.B.Tofrightenitaway.C.Toprotecttheboy.D.Tocooldown.小试牛刀2（07高考天津卷)ThecityofRomehaspassedanewlawtopreventcrueltytoanimals.Allgoldfishbowlsarenolongerallowedanddogownersmustwalktheirdogs.Thiscomesafteranationallawwaspassedtogiveprisonsentencestopeoplewhodesertcatsordogs.“Thecivilizationofacitycanbemeasuredbythis.”saidMonicacarina,thecouncilor(议员）behindthenewlaw.37.PeopleinRomebelievethatthecivilizationofacitycanbejudgedbyits____.A.exchangeswithothercitiesB.protectionforancientruinsC.awarenessofanimalprotectionD.recognitionofanimallover3词义／语义判断题这类考题常见的提问方式有以下几种：•Accordingtotheauthor,theunderlinedword”…”means____.•Fromthepassage,wecaninferthattheword”…”is___.•“…”canbebestreplacedby___.•Whatdoestheauthorprobablymeanby”…”?•By”…”,theauthormeansthat___做题要领做此类题时，应在文中找线索或信息词。•根据上下文判断新词汇在特定句中确切意思•根据周围熟悉的词及语义判断新单词之意，有时还需依靠构词法。Return小试牛刀1(07年高考全国卷）BorninChicagoin1902,broughtupandschooledinNebraska.the19-year-oldcollegegraduateRalphTylerbecamehookedonteachingwhileteachingasascienceteacherinSouthDakotaandchangedhismajorfrommedicinetoeducation.69.Thewords''hookedonteaching”underlinedinParagraph2probablymean____.A.attractedtoteachingB.tiredofteachingC.satisfiedwithteachingD.unhappyaboutteachingreturn小试牛刀2MostwomeninGhana——theeducatedandilliterate,theurbanandrural,theyoungandoldworktoearnanincomeinadditiontomaintainingtheirrolesashousewivesandmothers.Theirreputationforeconomicindependence,self-reliance,andhardworkiswellknownandwelldeserved(值得的).61.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“illiterate”?A.repeatB.reiteratedC.uneducatedD.sick4推断题推断题的常见形式：(1)wecaninfer/deduce/assumefromthispassage/paragraphthat___.(1)Itcanbeinferred/concludedfromthetextthat____.(2)Fromthetextweknowthat______.(3)Thepassageimpliesthat______.(4)Theparagraphfollowingthepassagewillmostprobablydiscusses______.解推断题最主要的方法是根据语义关系推断具体细节。以原文内容为前提,透过现象看本质即透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思。根据作者的观点理论客观地对文中未明显说明的现象或事例给予合理的逻辑推断，做出一定解释。小试牛刀1Onedayamanwalkedintoapetshopandsaidtotheshopassistant，“Ineedtwosmallmiceandaboutfivedozenroaches(蟑螂)andtwospiders.”“Whatdoyouneedthesethingsfor?”theshopassistantwasverysurprised.“Well,”repliedtheman,“I’mmovingoutofmyapartmentandthelandl