年产5000吨土霉素工厂设计

i年产5000吨土霉素工厂设计摘要土霉素(Terramycin)是四环素类抗生素的一种,它是一类碱性广谱抗生素,它还有其他的名称，叫做盐酸地霉素、地灵霉素、氧四环素(英文/拉丁名称Oxytetracycline,OTC)等。它是经过微生物发酵合成产生的,在治疗过程中具备某些副作用,能抵抗多种球菌和杆菌的感染,结晶粉末呈现出金黄色或灰白色。目前,中国生产土霉素的量已占据世界榜首,占70%。由于土霉素的临床用药副作用大，作为兽用药副作用不明显，所以如今土霉素在畜用用药方面需求量很大。土霉素是链霉菌属，归类于放线菌种，它是微生物的次级代谢产物，从选育出来的高产菌株-龟裂链丝菌(streptomycesrimosus)的发酵液中提取得到。本次生产工厂设计采用的是传统的提取方法，总共触及好几个重要的工程概念和单元操作；即依次进行种子的培育、发酵、酸化、提取、过滤、脱色、结晶、离心、脱水等。众所周知,土霉素的生产工艺是应用酸化剂（草酸或磷酸)来调整pH值；再利用黄血盐-硫酸锌革除蛋白质等高分子杂质，净化发酵产物；然后用型号为122-2的树脂进行脱色，过滤净化土霉素滤液,最后把pH调到4.8左右,通过结晶获得土霉素碱产品[1]。本次设计按照以上所述的工艺流程，详细阐述了所需物料的多少，发酵车间和提取车间各个阶段的工艺操作以及设备选型。自创了实践发酵车间的安排,由计算得出设计2个发酵车间，车间建筑为三层，每个车间安装的设备型号和数量都是经过详细计算的，并合理布置。关键词:土霉素;物料衡算;设备选型;工艺流程;提炼工段iiAbstract:Terramycinisaclassoftetracyclineantibiotics,itisaclassofbasicbroad-spectrumantibiotics,italsohasothernames,calleddoxorubicin,terpenycin,oxytetracycline(English/LatinnameOxytetracycline,OTC)andsoon.Itisproducedbymicrobialfermentationsynthesis,inthecourseoftreatmentwithsomesideeffects,canresisttheinfectionofavarietyofcocciandbacilli,crystallinepowdershowinggoldenorgray.Atpresent,China'sproductionofoxytetracyclinehasoccupiedthetopoftheworld,accountingfor70%.Astheclinicalsideeffectsofoxytetracyclinelarge,asaveterinarysideeffectsisnotobvious,sonowoxytetracyclineintheuseoflivestockisagreatdemand.OxytetracyclineisStreptomyces,classifiedasactinomycetes,whichisthesecondarymetaboliteofmicroorganismsandisextractedfromthefermentedbrothofthehighlyprovenstrain,thestrainofstreptomycesrimosus.Theproductionplantdesignisthetraditionalextractionmethod,atotalofseveralimportantengineeringconceptsandunitoperations;thatis,followedbyseedcultivation,fermentation,acidification,extraction,filtration,decolorization,crystallization,centrifugation,dehydrationandsoon.Itiswellknownthatoxytetracyclineproductionprocessistheuseofacidifier(oxalicacidorphosphoricacid)toadjustthepHvalue;andthenusetheyellowbloodsalt-zincsulfatetoremoveproteinandotherhighmolecularimpurities,purifythefermentationproducts;andthenmodel122-2resinDecolorization,filtrationandpurificationofoxytetracyclinefiltrate,andfinallythepHadjustedto4.8orso,throughthecrystallizationofoxytetracyclinealkalineproducts[1].Thisdesigninaccordancewiththeabovedescribedprocess,detailingthenumberofmaterialsrequired,fermentationworkshopandextractionworkshopatallstagesoftheprocessoperationandequipmentselection.Sincethecreationofthepracticeoffermentationworkshoparrangements,calculatedbythedesignoftwofermentationworkshop,workshopbuildingforthethree,eachworkshoptoinstalltheequipmentmodelandquantityarecalculatedindetail,andreasonablelayout.Keywords:oxytetracycline;materialbalance;equipmentselection;processflow.iii目录第1章绪论..............................................-1-1.1土霉素概述..................................................-1-1.2设计目标任务................................................-1-1.3本设计基本内容..............................................-4-1.3.1工艺流程设计..........................................-4-1.3.2工艺计算..............................................-4-1.3.3完成绘图..............................................-4-1.4原料与产品规格..............................................-4-1.5供电........................................................-5-第2章总平面布置说明....................................-6-2.1工厂总平面布置设计原则......................................-6-2.2车间布置设计原则............................................-6-第3章工艺设计与计算....................................-7-3.1发酵生产工艺................................................-7-3.1.1土霉素生产工艺流程简介................................-7-3.1.2土霉素生产总工艺流程图................................-7-3.2工艺计算....................................................-8-3.2.1发酵车间的物料衡算....................................-8-3.2.2提取车间物料衡算.....................................-13-3.3动力消耗计算...............................................-15-3.3.1电力概算.............................................-15-3.3.2水概算...............................................-15-3.3.3蒸汽概算.............................................-16-3.3.4无菌空气概算.........................................-16-第4章设备的设计与选型.................................-18-4.1发酵车间..................................................-18-iv4.1.1计算依据............................................-18-4.1.2计算过程.............................................-18-4.2提取车间...................................................-21-4.2.1计算依据.............................................-21-4.2.2计算过程.............................................-21-4.3设备汇总...................................................-27-第5章管道设计.........................................-29-5.1发酵罐的接管设计...........................................-29-5.2酸化设备的流体输送.........................................-31-5.3稀释设备的流体输送.........................................-32-5.4板框过滤设备的输送.........................................-32-第6章车间设备布置设计.................................-33-6.1车间设备布置设计原则.......................................-33-6.2车间设备布置...............................................-33-第7章安全与环境保护...................................-34-7.1废水处理系统......................................