高考英语短文改错题型 解题方法指导 (2)(19张ppt)

短文改错1.考点设置之名词【命题特点】本来用复数,却用单数.【改正方法】(1)根据名词前的修饰限定成份;(2)根据上下文的逻辑关系.•【详解】1）.Shesaidthatsheandmyschoolmateallwishedmesuccess.（schoolmate改为schoolmates）2）.Afterclasswebecomestrangeratonce.（stranger改为strangers）3）.TheywantmetodevoteallmytimetomystudiessothatI’llgetmarksinallmysubject.（subject改为subjects）4）.OnthewayupIwasbusytakingpicturesincethescenerywassobeautiful.（picture改为pictures）5）.Thereareadvantageforstudentstoworkwhilestudyingatschool.（advantage改为advantages6）.Hehadnoideasthatthekitchenwasnotforguests.（ideas改为idea）7）.Ilookedathisotherhands.（hands改为hand）•2.考点设置之代词•【命题特点】•1.女性代词指代男性或相反；•2.单数指代复数；•3.代词词性误用。•【改正方法】•联系上下文的逻辑关系。•【代词的错误特点】•1.人称代词的偷换错误•2.缺少人称代词的错误•3.人称代词数的一致问题•4.人称代词格的一致问题•【详解】•1）.TheSmithsdidhisbesttomakemefeelathome.•(his改为their)•2）.Ihaveagoodfriendwho’snameisLiuMei.•(who’s改为whose)•3）.Itwasaboutnoonwhenwearrivedatthefootofthemountain.Thethreeofthemwereveryexcited.•（them改为us）•4）.SoonIbegantoenjoytalkingtomyselfonpaperasIwaslearningtoexpressmeinsimpleEnglish.•（me改为myself）•5）.OnedayIwrotealittlestoryandshowedtomyteacher.•（showed后加it）•6）.Somestudentsmayalsosaveupforourcollegeorfutureuse.•（our改为their）•3.考点设置之介词•【命题特点及改正方法】•介词涉及搭配错误，因此可从以下方面确定错误：•1）介词的基本用法；•2）习惯搭配；•3）动词词类确定错误，如talk,,serve,wait等。•介词短语常常考，固定搭配要记牢。介词后边跟宾语，结合语境细推敲。•【详解】•1）.Wedonotseemtogetmuchtimetotalkabouttogether.•（去掉about）•2）.IwassotiredthatIfellasleepatthemomentmyheadtouchedthepillow.•（去掉at）•3）.ThemainproblemwasinthatIalwaysthoughtinChineseandtriedtotranslateanythingintoEnglish.•（去掉was后的in）•4）.We’lltalkwithourplanfortheweekendoverdinner.•（with改为about）•5）.Iamwritingtothankyouwithyourkindhelp.•（with改为for）•6）.Hewaslookingforaglassthecupboard.•（glass后加in）•7）.Eachtheselinesstandsforatroubleinmylife.•（each后加of）•4.考点设置之时态•【命题特点及改正方法】动词的时态和语态的误用•现在时与过去时的误用，句中一般没有时间状语。每年都考。要注意联系上下文，着眼于整个语篇的时态。通常整篇都是过去，突然一个句子用现在时。其中又以一般现在时和过去时互改为多。•【详解】•1）.Theydidnotwantmetodoanyworkathome;theywantmetodevoteallmytimetomystudiessothat---•（did改为do）•2）.Thetimepassesquickly.Eveningcame.•（passes改为passed）•3）.Shelikeditverymuchandreadsittotheclass.•（reads改为read）•4）.Idon’tknowthattheydon’tliketotalkwithme.Sometimes,wetalkedtoeachotherverywellinclass.•（talked改为talk）•5）.Iwillwriteagainandsendyouthephotoswetaketogether.•（take改为took）•6）.WehadguestslastnightwhohavenotstayedinaB&Bhotelago.•（have改为had）7Growingupisnoteasy.Sometimesallthatisneedissomeonetorelyon.解析:need--------needed语态的误用,此处应为被动语态.8ThebikeoutsidemyhouseisbelongedtoTom.解析:去掉isbelongto无被动形式.5.and\but\or误用及前后不一致【命题特点】主要考查and、or、but、so等并列连词的误用。•【改正方法】•1）根据句意确定误；•2）根据句子的逻辑关系确定错误。•【详解】•1）.Sheissmilingatmebutnoddingatme.•（but改为and）•2）.Itlooksasifmyparentstreatmeasavisitorandaguest.•（and改为or）•3）.Thefoodwasexpensiveandtheservicewasgood.•（and改为but）•4）.Icameintothelivingroomandsawoneofthemjustgothroughthekitchendoorbutturnonthelight.•（but改为and）•5）.Wefedmonkeys,visitingtemplesandtoldstories.•（visiting改为visited）•6）.Shelikeditverymuchandreadsittotheclass.•（reads改为read)•6.考点设置之从句连词•【命题特点及改正方法】•句子结构方面的错误主要涉及句子成份和复合句的关联词等。解答这类题从以下方面来思考：•1）句子结构是否完整，成份是否冗缺；•2）复合句中边接方句和从句的关系词或引导词的运用是否得当等。•【详解】•1）.Itwasaboutnoonwearrivedatthefootofthemountain.•（noon后加when）•2）.Idon’tknowthattheydon’tliketotalkwithme.•（that改为why）•3）.ThemainproblemwasinthatIalwaysthoughtinChineseandtriedtotranslateeverythingintoEnglish.•（去掉that前的in）•4）.Earningtheirownmoneyallowsthemtospendonanythingasiftheyplease.•（去掉if）•5）.Theydidnotwantbreakfastbecausethattheyweregoingoutearlyinthemorning.•（去掉that）•7.考点设置之冠词•命题特点及改正方法】•英语中冠词只有三个，只能从以下几个方向出题：•1）不定冠词a和an互改；•2）不定冠词a或an和定冠词the互改；•3）根据需要增删冠词。•【详解】•1）.Aseveryoneknows,it’sfamousmountainwithallkindsofplantsandanimals.•（famous前加a）•2）.Wemaybeonefamilyandliveunderasameroof,but---•（a改为the）•3）.OnThursdayIwillhavetodecidewhatIwanttodooveraweekend.•（a改为the）•4）.Ihopeyou’vehadpleasantjourneyhome•（had后加a）•8.考点设置之形容词和副词•【命题特点及改正方法】•主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副词的比较级等。•1）根据adj.或adv.的基本用法确定错误；•2）修饰连系动词或名词用形容词；•3）修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词。•【详解】•1）.Iwoulddescribemyselfasshyandquietly.•（quietly改为quiet）•2）.TherehavebeenreportsinAmericaaboutpeopletryingtostealpersoninformationforbadpurposes.•（person改为personal）•3）.FindinginformationontheNetiseasily.•（easily改为easy）•4）.SowhatIlearnedfromthejobwasmuchmoreimportantaswhatIearned.•（as改为than）•5）.Mypronunciationwasterribly.•（terribly改为terrible）•6）.Theycamebacklatelyandhadsometea.•（lately改为late）•9.考点设置之非谓语动词•【命题特点改正方法】•1）谓语动词和非谓语动词的错用；•2）动词不定式和动名词的错用；•3）现在分词和过去分词的错用等。•【详解】•1）.Earningtheirownmoneyallowthemtospendonanythingastheyplease.•（allow改为allows）•2）.MyparentswilldoalltheycanmakesurethatIgetagoodeducation.•（make前加to）•3）.SoonIbegantoenjoytalktomyselfonpaperasIwaslearningtoexpressmyselfinsimpleEnglish.•（talk改为talking）•4）.Wefedmonkeys,visitingtemplesandtoldstories.•（visiting改为visited）•5）.Somestudentsmayalsotosaveupforourcollegeorfutureuse.•（去掉to）10:主谓不一致的错误1.Butthenthereisalwaysmoremysteriestolookinto.解析:is-----are后面的mysteries为复数形式.2Nowmypictureandtheprizeishanginginthelibrary.解析:is---are主语是mypictureandtheprize.故谓语动词应为复数.3Billwasstandingatthesideofthecar,talkingtotwomenwhowashelpinghimtorepairit.解析:第二个was----