高中定语从句课件关系副词

定语从句attributiveclauseThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.Thedresssheiswearingisnew.Allwhoheardthenewswereexcited.1.Theschoolwhich/thatheoncestudiedinwasafamousone.2.Iwillbringtheherebookwhich/thatyouaskedfor.Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedwasafamousone.Iwillbringtheherebookforwhichyouasked.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句通常由“介词+关系代词”引出Thisistheboywhom/who/thatIplayedtenniswithyesterday.=ThisistheboywithwhomIplayedtennisyesterday.介词+which/whom引导的定语从句1.介词的选用原则：(1)根据后面动词和介词的搭配关系选择Thisisnotthebookaboutwhichtheteachertalkedinclass.(talkabout意为“谈论”which做about的宾语）ThisisthebookforwhichIpaid8dollars.（payfor为……付款，which做for的宾语）四.“介词+which/whom”引导的从句，1.介词选用原则(2)根据先行词的搭配关系选择I’llneverforgetthedayonwhichIfirstmethim.(表示具体的某一天，介词用on)IrememberthedaysduringwhichIlivedthere.(在…..期间，用介词during)介词+关系代词引导的定语从句2.含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开，介词仍要放在短语动词的后面。如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等。Thisisthewatchwhich/thatIamlookingfor这是我正在找的手表ThisistheforwhichIamlooking.3.当介词放在关系代词前面时，关系代词只能用whom(指人)或which(指物)，且关系代词不能省略。关系代词是所有格时用whose.Themanwithwhomyoutalkedjustnowismyneighbor.Ican’tfindthepenwithwhichIwaswriting.2.介词位于关系代词前，关系代词的使用4.当介词位于定语从句末尾时，可用which/that(指物),who/whom/that(指人)作从句中介词的宾语.而且作介词宾语的关系代词可以省略。(whom/who/that)(which/that)Dadisaperson________________Icaneasilytalkto.Isthistheplay___________youweretalkingaboutjustnow?3.介词位于句末，关系代词的使用5.先行词是theway，意为“方式，方法”时，引导定语从句的关系词用that/inwhich或省略。Ididn'tliketheway_______________shetalkedtome.Theway_________________heteachesEnglishisinteresting.（that/inwhich）（that/inwhich）5.先行词为theway，关系词的使用“介词+关系代词”结构引导非限制性定语从句，一般有以下几种结构：(1)名词+介词+关系代词：Theyliveinahouse,thedoorofwhichfacessouth.4.“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句的几种结构(2)代词+介词+关系代词：Therearefourstudentsintheclassroom,allofwhomareworkinghard.(3)数词+介词+关系代词：LastSundayIboughtsomebooksfromthebookstore,threeofwhichwereEnglishnovels.(4)形容词比较级/最高级+介词+关系代词：Chinahasthousandsofislands,thelargestofwhichisTaiwan.关系副词引导的定语从句1.关系代词的基本用法三.1.关系代词的基本用法关系代词指代的先行词充当从句的成分who主语、宾语whom宾语which主语、宾语that主语、宾语、whose定语人人物人物人物用关系副词when时，先行词指时间，when在定语从句中作时间状语，when可换成“介词+which”。如：Istillrememberthedaywhen(=onwhich)IfirstcametoNanjing.Myfatherwasbornintheyearwhen(=inwhich)WorldWarⅡbrokeout.1.when1.when用关系副词where时，先行词指地点，where在定语从句中作地点状语，where可换成“介词+which”。如：Thisisthefarmwhere(=onwhich)weworkedwhenwewereyoung.Theschoolwhere(=inwhich)hismotherteachesisinthewestofthecity.2.where2.where用关系副词why时，先行词指原因，why在定语从句中作原因状语，why可换成“for+which”。如：Thereareseveralreasonswhy(=forwhich)theboysshouldbepunished.Tomcouldn’tgivetheteacherthereasonwhy(=forwhich)hewaslateforschool.3.why3.why五.关系副词when,where和why的用法五.关系副词的基本用法关系副词指代的先行词充当从句的成分when表时间的名词/名词词组时间状语where表地点的名词/名词词组地点状语whyreason原因状语4.关系副词的用法注意点(1)当先行词为time，表示“次数”时，应用关系词that或省略。如：Thisisthefirsttime(that)thepresidenthasvisitedthecountry.(2)当point,situation,case等词作先行词表示“情况，境地，场合”等意思时，其后常由where引导定语从句，where在句中作状语。如：Canyouthinkofasituationwherethisphrasecanbeused?4.关系副词的用法注意点巩固练习：用适当的关系词填空1)October1,1949wastheday______(________)Chinawasfounded.2)Beijingistheplace______(__________)Icame.3)Isthisthereason____(________)hedidn’twanttoseeme?whenonwhichwherefromwhichwhyforwhich巩固练习：用适当的关系词填空4)Isthistheroom______(________)wewerelivinglastwinter?5)Thedaysaregone_____(____________)weused“foreignoil”.6)Yesterday,wehadameeting______(________)wediscussedmanyproblems.whereinwhichwhenduringwhichatwhichwhere六.非限制性定语从句1.非限制性定语从句的定义非限制性定语从句是对被修饰部分进行附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然完整或清楚。它和主句之间的关系比较松散，因此常用逗号隔开。Mywatch,whichisveryold,stoppedagain.六.1.非限制性定语从句的定义2.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别(1)限制性定语从句和主句的关系十分密切，若省去，主句的意思就不明确。主从句之间不用逗号隔开。而非限制性定语从句则不然。试比较：ThisisthebestbookthatIhaveread.Thisisagoodbook,whichiseasytounderstand.2.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别(2)限制性定语从句的先行词总是一个名词或一个代词，而非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是一个词，也可以是部分或整个主句的意思。此时，一般用关系代词as或which引导。(4)在非限制性定语从句中，不能省略关系代词，而在限制性定语从句中则可以。(3)限制性定语从句可以用关系代词that引导，而非限制性定语从句则不能。(5)关系代词在非限制性定语从句中作介词的宾语时，介词前可以有被介词短语所修饰的词。如：(6)在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词还可以作介词的宾语。Hehastwodaughters,theelderofwhomismarried.Heisill,inspiteofwhichhekeepsonstudying.3.关系代词as,which引导非限制定语从句时的区别as和which都可指主句的整个意思，而不是主句中的某一个词。as引导的非限制性定语从句，既可在主句前，又可在主句后，有时还可插入主句中；而which引导的非限制性定语从句一般置于主句之后。如：3.as/which引导非限制性定语从句的区别Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,whichwasmorethanwecouldexpect.Asisknowntoall,themoontravelsroundtheearth.as和which的区别(2)as多用于下列习惯用语中asanybodycansee正如人人都能看到的那样asiswellknown=asisknowntoall众所周知aswehadexpected正如我们所预料的那样asoftenhappens正如经常发生的那样ashasbeensaidbefore如上所述asismentionedabove正如上面提到的thesame…as和thesame…that区别thesame…as指的是同类同一个事物。thesame…that指的是同类中不同的事物。Thisisthesamebookasyoureadyesterday.Thisisthesamebookthatyoureadyesterday.和……一样书名一样但不是同一本书同一本书Thankyou