高教版公共英语3级精讲班讲义9

公共英语3级精讲班第9讲讲义MonologueMonologue1：Languagepoints:1.2004TUClaunched“WorkYourProperHoursDay”whereworkerswereencouragedtotakethelunchbreakstheyusuallyworkthroughandleaveforhomeattheircontractedtime.2004年英国劳工联合会提出“合理工作时间”这一号召。鼓励工人中午休息并且按照合同的要求准时回家。1)TUC:TradesUnionCongress英国劳工联合会2)WorkYourProperHoursDay:英国劳工联合会提倡的“合理工作时间”3)Contractedtime:合同约定的时间2.FridayFebruary25isthedayin2005whentheTUCestimatesthatpeoplewhodounpaidovertimewillstopworkingforfreeandstarttogetpaid.2005年2月25日是英国劳工联合会估计没有报酬加班的人们应该停止加班并开始得到报酬的日子。unpaidovertime没有报酬的加班工作3.TheTUCisurgingpeoplewhodounpaidovertimeto“workyourproperhours”onthatday,takingaproperlunch-break,andarrivingandleavingwokontime.英国劳工联合会激励没报酬加班的人们在那天“合理工作”，进行合理的午休，按时上下班。Dialogue1:1.BothClareandDorisaremajoringinsociology.Nowtheyaretalkingabouttheinvestigationthattheyaredoingon“BeyondNine-to-five”.克莱尔和多维斯专业都是社会学，现在他们正在谈论他们正在做的“早九晚五的工作时间之外”调查。1）majorin主修科目Shemajoredinmathsandphysics.2）BeyondNine-to-five早九晚五的工作时间以外2.Ithinkitiseasytogettheideafromthemediathat,exceptinunusualcases,everyoneworksfromnineinthemorningtofiveintheevening,fivedaysaweek,inanofficeorplantofsomekind.我认为很容易从媒体得出观点，除了特殊情况下，每个人在办公室或工厂都应该从早上九点工作到晚上五点，一星期工作五天。1）inunusualcases在特殊情况下case情况Inyourcase,wearepreparedtobelenient.根据你的情况，我们拟予以从宽处理。Icannotmakeanexceptioninyourcase.我们不能为你破例。2）plant工厂3.Inthestereotypedviewofthejob,there’sasettimetostartwork,anothertostop.根据对工作的传统观点，开始工作有固定的时间，结束工作也有固定的时间。4.AlthoughNine-to-fiveisgenerallythoughtofastheworkday,manyjobsareperformedwhenNine-to-fivepersonnelareoffthejob.虽然朝九晚五被认为是工作时间，但是很多工作是朝九晚五的工作人员下班以后才做的。beoffthejob不上班5.Mostjobs,forexample,intheentertainmentindustryareperformedinoffhours.大部分工作，比如说娱乐业都是在下班的时间进行的。6.Andalternatingshiftsatstoresandhospitals,forexample,oftenhavepersonnelworkingodddays.比如说，商店和医院这种需要的轮班工作都有个人的额外工作。alternatingshifts需要轮班的工作personnelworkingodddays个人的临时、额外的工作7.Sundayandholidayworkhasitsgoodside—time-and-a-halfordouble-timepayratesinsomebusiness.周六和周日的工作也有自己的好处—工资是原来的1.5倍或是2倍。Dialogue2:Backgroundknowledge:StateCivilAdministrationBureau国家民政局Meritsystem公务员选拔制度Languagepoints：1.Thegovernmentisbyfarthebiggestenterpriseinthecountry.政府是国家最大的企业。byfar修饰最高级，含义为“------的多”2.Onepersonoutofeightinlaborforceissaidtobeemployedunitonthestateorlocallevel.劳动力的八分之一据说都在国家政府部门或地方政府部门工作。onepersonoutofeight八分之一的人3.Isthatthecase?情况是那样吗？thecase实情，情况Isitthecasethatthecompany’ssaleshavedropped?Ifthatisthecase,youwillhavetoworkmuchharder.4.Eachcitizenissupposedtohaveanequalopportunitytocompeteforstateemployment.每位公民都有相等的竞争成为政府雇员的机会。havetheequalopportunitytodosth具有---的平等的机会5.Byuseofthemeritsystem,whichincludescompetitiveexaminations,appointmentscanbemadeonthebasisofabilitywithoutregardtootherconsiderations.通过竞争性考试的公务员选拔制度，政府可以根据个人能力委任职务，而不需要考虑别的因素（政治、种族、宗教、性别或民族等）。onthebasisof以-----为基础6.Women,forexample,getequalpaywithmenforequalwork;however,veryfewwomenoccupyjobsinthehighergrades.比如说，女士和男士做同样的工作得到同样的报酬。然而，很少女士有很高职位的工作。getequalpayforequalwork同样工作同样报酬Monologue2:1.Donaldisrunninghisownbusiness.Heexplainstosomeofthestaffwhysociallifeissometimesveryimportant.当劳正在经营自己的生意，他给他的职员解释为什么社会生活有时非常重要。runone’sownbusiness经营自己的生意2.Asanemployeeprogressesinaparticularcompany,itmayaccountforagreatdealofthesociallifeforhimand,ifheismarried,hiswife.随着一个雇员在某个公司取得进步，这会占用他很大一部分社会生活的时间，如果她结婚了，也会占用他妻子很多的社会生活时间。accountfor占3.Conventionsprovidetheopportunityforseveraldaysormoreofnewcontactsanddiscussions,interruptedonlybyspeechesandregistration.会议给人们提供了很多天的接触和讨论的机会，只是偶尔被演讲和注册打断。beinterruptedby被---所打断Passage:1.PaymentsarefrequentlymadeinAmericancurrencyaswell.支付也经常使用美国货币。Americancurrency美国货币currency通货，货币good/papercurrency金/纸币tradinginforeigncurrencies以外汇作为支付手段2.ManyAmericanbankshavesetupofficesthere.许多美国银行已经在这儿建立了办公室。setup建立3.JohnmajoredinaccountingandbusinessadministrationinHarvard.约翰在哈佛大学专业是会计和工商管理。4.Aftertwoyearsinaccounting,hewastransferredtotheloandepartment.在会计部工作几年后，他被转到贷款部。.betransferredto将某人/某物由某地转移到某地TheheadofficehasbeentransferredfromLondontoCardiff.She’sbeingtransferredtoourParisbranch.5.Manyoftheloanswhichhewasaskedtoconsiderinvolvedinternationaltransactions.他被要求考虑的大部分贷款都与国际交易有关。6.Johnwasselectedtosetitupandrunitforthefirstfewyears.约翰被选中成立这个部门，并在前几年经营这个部门。7.Thebankprovideshimwithacaranddriveraswellastheapartment.银行给他提供了汽车、司机和住房。Exercises:PartA1.第一段“whileturnoverintheretailsectoristwiceashighasthenationalaverage.Butfirmswishingtobuytheiremployees’loyaltywouldbewelladvisedtooffercareeropportunitiesratherthanmoney.”全篇2.第二段第二句“Lesspredictably,however,respondentsbutahighersalarysecondtothechanceofcareerprogressioninalistofthetopfivereasonswhypeoplechangejobs.”。3.第五段第一句“Employeesineverystorehaverecentlygonethroughamanagementprogramfocusingonimprovingcoreskillsandprocessdevelopment”。全篇4.第五段“ThecompanyhasbeenrunningaprogramcalledProjectFuturesinceearly2001and,accordingtoCartwright,itisnowanongoingprocess.Managersattendshortcoreskillworkshopsintheirstores,togetherwithshopfloorstaffwhoareearmarkedforpromotion.5.A第七段第一句“Thistrainingfitsinwithmanagers’individualcareerdevelopmentplans,andthecompanyisalsokeentoencouragee