沉积物-水体界面氮磷的迁移转化规律研究进展

204Vol20No420058JournalofYunnanAgriculturalUniversityAug.2005:2004-11-30*:**:(1977-),,,,-*陈永川,汤利**(,650201):-,-,:;;;;:S143.1:A:1004-390X(2005)04-0527-07StudyProspectonRemovingandTransformaingCharacteristicsofNitrogenandPhosphorusinSedimentwaterInterfaceCHENYongchuan,TANGLi(CollegeofResourcesandEnvironmentalScience,YAU,Kunming650201,China)Abstract:Nitrogenandphosphorusremovingandtransforminginsedimentwaterinterfaceareveryimportantforunderstandinglakeecosystem.Thispaperthoroughlydiscussedthecharacteristicsofnitrogenandphosphorusintermsofform,ratio,andconcentrationinsedimentandwaterandtheireffectsonalgalgrowth.Theresearchprogressonremovingandtransformingofnitrogenandphosphorusinsedimentwaterinterface,especiallyforDianchiLakewasreviewedanddiscussed.Keywords:sedimentwaterinterface;nitrogen;phosphorus;removetransformation;eutrophication,[1],,[2],-,,11102~03mg/L,0045mg/L,1~10mg/m3,1~10mgC/(Lh)[3],,[4],,[5],,,[4],,,[6~8],,,[9~11],,[12,13],,,,,,,/[14],3CNP=106161[15],,Redfield161[16]/(30),/(5)71,7,,,7,[17],(N/P)10,[18],162,193,218,229,[19],/,/,[20],121~171;,12,(TP)(TRP)(TSP)(SHP)(SRP)[8],,[21],,,[8],[3],,,[22](2001),,(SRP),(TRP),(TSP)(SHP)4/5,,40%TSP,,[23]BRADFORD,TRP()(SRP),SRP[4,24],,[4],a13,,,,,[25];,[26],,[22],10~50mg/L,,,[22],PRAYTOCKA,[27]52820[28],,[29]NH4-NNO3-NNO2-N,NO2-N[30],,;,;,[26],,2,,,,,,,,,[31]21,,60%~80%[32],,,(2002)0~6m,,05%,326%~2999%,,3663%~4722%,262~513,20%,,[21],,,22,,,,[33],[34][35],,,,,,[33],041%~054%,,,4556~10707mg/kg,7457mg/kg,073~319mg/kg,3--0~2cm[33],,NH+4H2SpH,,NH+4,[35]31--,-[37]5294,:-,[38],,NH+4,NO-3,;NO-3,N2O,N2,,[39]NO-3,NO-3[37],NO-3,,NO-3,NO-3;NO-3,,NO-3,32-,,,[40],,,,,;,,[41],,,,,,,,[42],[41]33,,3pH(SRP)[40],/,,,NH4N[43],[44],,,,,,[44]pH,,pH50~80,,pH110,[43],,NO-3,NO-2,[45,46],NO-3NO-3[43],,[39],,[47],-,4-,,,[48~54],,,53020,,,[19~21],,(,,,,),-52080,,[55]2080,-,,,:pH,,,[56],--,,[57],,,,:(1);(2)-;(3);(4),[][1]SMITHVH,TILMANGD,NEKOLAJCEutrophication:impactsofexcessnutrientinputsonfreshwater,Marineandterrestrialecosystems[J].EnvironmentalPollution,1999,100:169-179.[2].[M].:,1988.[3],.[J].,2002,25(5):12-14.[4],,,.[J].,2001,25(6):571-575.[5],,.[J].,2000,11(3):89-92.[6]SMITHVH.Thenitrogenandphosphorusdependenceofalgalbiomassinlakes:Anempiricalandtheoreticalanalysis[J].LimnolOceanogr,1982,27:1101-1111.[7],,,.[J].,1995,19(4):289-298.[8],,.[J].,1997,16(4):341-346.[9]RHEEGYULL.EffectsofNPatomicratiosandnitratelimationalgalgrowth,cellcompositionandnitrateuptake[J].Limno.lOceanogar,1987,23(1):10-25.[10],,,.[J].,1999,13(3):257-261.[11],,,.[J].,1999,19(4):448-452.[12],,,.[J].,2003,25(1):20-22.[13],,,.5314,:-[J].,2001,21(5):814-819.[14],,.[J].,2002,(1):79-84.[15],.[J].,1993,12(5):380-386.[16].[M].:,1980.[17],,.a[J].,2001,13(2):143-147.[18]HORMEAJ.Limnology(SecondEdition)[M].NewYork,McGrawHil,lInc.,1994.[19],,,.[J].,2002,24(1):11-16.[20],.[J].,1993,12(5):380-386.[21],,,.[J].,2002,20(3):416-420.[22],,,.[J].,2001,35(3):322-325.[23]LEVEINESW,SCHINDLERDW.RadiochemicalanalysisoforthophosphateconcentrationsandseasonalchangesinthefluxoforthophosphatetoseasonintwocannadinshieldLakes[J].CanJFishAqualSci1980,37:479-487.[24]BRADFORD,MEPETERSRH.Therelationshipbetweenchemicallyanalysedphosphorusfractionandbioavaiablephosphorus[J].LimnolOceanogr,1987,32(5):1124-1137.[25]ANTINJ.Comparativeevaluationofcertainorganicandinorganticsourcesofnitrogenforphototrophicgrowthofmarinemicroalgae[J].Mar.boi.lass.U.K,1975,55:519-539.[26],,,.II[J].,2001,21(4):400-404.[27],,.[J].,2001,20(5):382-384.[28],,,.[J].,1993,15(6):135-141.[29],,,.[J].,1996,14(3):33-38.[30],.[J].,2002,11(3):215-218.[31].[J].,1991,15(4):379-380.[32]MICHAELRP,MARTINTA,ERICLVeta.l.Phosphorusdiagenesisinlakesediments:investigationusingfractionationtechniques[J].MarFreshwaterRes.,1995,46:89-99.[33],,,.[J].,2002,14(4):301-309.[34]BERNERRA.Earlydiagenesis:Atheoreticalapproach[M].Princetion:PrincetonUniversitypress,1980.[35]DELANGGJ.Distributionofexchangeable,fixed,organicandtotalnitrogenininterbeddedturbiditic/pelagicsediments,ofthemadeiraabyssalplain,easternNorthatlantic[J].Marinegeology,1992,109:95-114.[36].[J].,2000,19(8):391-393.[37],,,.-[J].,1998,10(4):41-47.[38],GARDNERWS.Saginaw[J].,1998,10(3):548-553.[39].[J].,1996,(6):88-89.[40],,.[J].,1998,6(5):29-33.[41],,,.[J].,1999,11(4):296-303.[42]BOSTRMBADERSERJM,BROBERGB.Bioavailabilityofdifferentphosphorusformsinfreshwatersystems[J].Hydrobiologia,1988,170:133-155.[43],,.[J].,2003,22(4):258-250.[44],,,.53220[J].,1996,15(1):15-19.[45]ADERSENJM.Effectofnitrateconcentrationinlakewateronphosphatereleasefromthesediment[J].WAT.RES,1982,16:1119-1126.[46].[J].,1989,(2):80-84.[47],,.[J].,1999,(1):81-84.[48].[J].,2002,21(1):35-38.[49].[J].,2002,19(1):35-37.[50],.[J].,2002,23(1):72-75.[51].[M].:,1992.[52],.[J].,1999,12(5):43-44.[53].[J].,2002,(1):18-22.[54],.[J].,2002,21(5):500-506.[55]EMILRYDIN.PotentiallymobilephosphorusinLakeErkensediment[J].Wat.Res.,2000,34(7):2037-2042.[56],,,.[J].,1996,32(2):253-260.[57]MICHAELDK.Insitudeterminationofdissolvedironproductioninrecentmarinesediments[J].Wat.Res.,2002,64:282-291.