高中英语必修Unit4 Grammar

GrammarInversion（倒装）基本语序naturalordersubject主+predicate谓+object宾IloveEnglish.倒装Inversions•把谓语动词放在主语之前,叫倒装结构。•如果全部谓语放在主语之前,叫全部倒装;•如果只把助动词或be动词等放在主语之前，叫部分倒装。原句自然顺序是：Manystudentsarethereintheclassroom.全部倒装1.用于therebe句型。Therearemanystudentsintheclassroom.２.在表示方向、地点、时间的副词或介词短语放于句首时，句子全部倒装。here,there,now,then,out,in,up,down,away,underthetable,northofthetown+不及物动词+主语Theregoesthebell.Outrushedthechildren.Awaywenttheboy.Infrontofthehousewasasmallgarden.名词注意：代词作主语时,主谓语序不变。•Hereyouare!•Outtheywent.3.为了保持句子结构平衡,使上下文结构紧凑。GonearethedayswhenwesufferedfromSARS.我们深受“非典”之苦的日子一去不复返了。我们的心年轻的日子一去不复返了。Gonearethedayswhenourheartisyoung.4.such作表语,置于句首,意为“…就是如此.”Suchwerehiswords.他的话就是如此。这就是爱因斯坦,一个简单却伟大的科学家.SuchwasEinstein,asimplebutgreatscientist.1.含有否定意义的副词或连词，如never,seldom,hardly,scarely,barely,rarely,little,atnotime,bynomeans,innoway等放在句首时。Neverwillheforgethisfirsttimetotakeaplane.这位老人很少在晚上独自出门。Seldomdoestheoldmangooutaloneatnight.部分倒装2.only+状语(从句)置于句首时，句子部分倒装。直到那时我才开始了我的工作。OnlythendidIbeginmywork.只有这样你才能向你的朋友学习。Onlyinthiswaycanyoulearnfromyourfriends.只有你问许多不同的问题，你才能获得你需要知道的所有的信息。Onlyifyouaskmanydifferentquestionswillyouacquirealltheinformationyouneedtoknow.3.so,neither,nor引起的句子,表示前面的情况也适用于另一个人(或事物)时。我妹妹喜欢旅游，我也喜欢。Mysisterenjoystravelling.SodoI.杰克没有去过上海，我也没去过。Jackhasn'tbeentoShanghai,neither/norhaveI.如果重复上文中的话则不倒装，译为“确实是”--Itiscoldtoday.--Soitis.（确实是）--Itwascoldyesterday.--Sowasittoday.（今天也很冷）--Jack,youforgottoclosethewindowlastnight.--Oh,dear!!(确实如此)And!(你也是)注意：SoIdidsodidyou4.在so/such…that的结构中,若so/such置于句首,则句子部分倒装.他是如此的骄傲，以至于从来不听任何意见。Soproudwashethatheneverlistenedtoanyadvice.他如此专注于那本小说，以至于没有注意到他爸爸在门口。Soabsorbedwasheinthenovelthathedidnotnoticehisfatheratthedoor.他跑的如此快，以至于我不能赶上他。SofastdidherunthatIcouldn'tcatchhim.5.notonly…butalso…连接两个分句时，第一个分句用部分倒装，第二个分句不变。既没有电也没有水。Notonlywastherenoelectricity,butalsonowater.我不光了解他，我还是他最好的朋友。NotonlydidIknowhim,butalsoIwashisbestfriend.6.用于nosooner…than,hardly…when,scarcely…when,表示“一…就”主句部分倒装。HardlyhadIgotoutofthehousewhenitbegantorain.我刚一走出房子，天就开始下雨。我刚一坐下，电话就响了。HardlyhadIsatdownwhenthetelephonerang.他刚完成工作，天就开始下雨。Nosoonerhadhefinishedtheworkthanitbegantorain.7.notuntil置于句首时，主句部分倒装。Notuntiltheteachercamedidhefinishhishomework.直到那时他才意识到他的过错。Notuntilthendidherealizehisownfault.直到他父母回来，他才上床睡觉。Notuntilhisparentscamebackdidhegotobed.8.often,always,once,manyatime,nowandthen,everyotherday,everyday,thus等状语置于句首时，句子部分倒装。ManyatimehaveIheardfromher.我已多次收到她的来信了。9.as(though)”引导的让步状语从句。Althoughheisachild,heknowssixlanguages.Childasheis,heknowssixlanguages.Althoughheisyoung,hehasseenmuchoftheworld.Youngasheis,hehasseenmuchoftheworld.AlthoughIlikethebookverymuch,Idon’twanttobuyit.MuchasIlikethebook,Idon’twanttobuyit.10.用于省略if的虚拟条件句中1)IfIwereyou,Iwoulddothework.WereIyou,Iwoulddothework.2)Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,whatwouldwedo?Shoulditsnowtomorrow,whatwouldwedo?3)Ifyouhadreviewedyourlessons,youmighthavepassedtheexamination.Hadyoureviewedyourlessons,youmighthavepassedtheexamination.表示祝愿的句子。Longlive...!...万岁！Mayyou+V.原型!祝你...！LonglivethePeople'sRepublicofChina!Mayyousucceed!愿你有一个愉快的旅行。Mayyouhaveapleasantjourney.祝你快乐！Mayyoubehappy!愿我们的友谊长存。Longliveourfriendship.